Virgin at the Chardonneret – Wikipedia

The Virgin at the Chardonneret is a recurring theme of Christian iconography, which appeared in French Gothic statuary XIII ^{It is} century ^{[ first ]} , and which has experienced an immense fortune in the Italian painting of Trecento and the Renaissance.

Its most frequent representation constitutes in a variation of the traditional motif of the Virgin and Child: Jesus, seated on the lap of Mary, holds in one of his hands an elegant throat ( Carduelis carduelis ), recognizable by his cheeks and at the top of his scarlet red skull.

The Chardonneret generally announces symbolically the future sacrifice of Christ during the passion ^{[ 2 ]} : the thorny thistle which he feeds, and which reads transparently in his name – at least in Latin, in Italian ( goldfinch ) and in French – indeed evokes the crown of thorns, while the red spots of his head refer to the shed blood.

No less than 486 devotion works, 254 different artists, including 214 Italians ^{[ 3 ]} , are known for having taken up this pattern. The most famous of them is probably The Virgin with the goldfinch From Raphaël (Florence, Offices Museum), whose catering was completed in 2008.

In French statuary [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The theme of Virgin at the Chardonneret would come from French Gothic sculpture.

In Italian painting of Trecento [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The theme is then established in the Italian painting of Trecento.

And Europe Central [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

It spreads in the territory of Central Europe.

Title	Year	Dimensions (cm)	Technique	Conservation place	Would	Pays	Illus.
Madone de Vivan ( de Veveří ) [ twelfth ]	before 1350			Sainte-Agnès convent, national gallery	Prague	Czech Republic
Madone de fears [ 13 ] , [ 14 ]	Around 1340	94 × 84	Tempera and gilding on maple panel	Pinacotèque du Monastery de Strahov	Prague	Czech Republic
Madone de Zbraslav	Around 1350	89 × 60		Sainte-Agnès convent, national gallery	Prague	Czech Republic
Madone you must ( Madonna ) [ 15 ]	before 1350			Saint-Agnès convent, national gallery	Prague	Czech Republic
Virgin and child , said Madone at Chardonneret [ 16 ]	around 1450	67 × 57.5	Wood, gilding and semi-precious stretch	Parish church of the very holy Virgin	Dębe (because of kalisz)	Pologs
Madone said from Rome	Around 1450-1460			Saint-Agnès convent, national gallery	Prague	Czech Republic

In Germanic painting, international Gothic at the Renaissance [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Bird representations accompany Virgins in the garden enclosed in Germanic painting. The goldfinch is then accompanied by other species.

In Italian painting of late Gothic and the Renaissance [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Artist	Title	Year	Dimensions (cm)	Technique	Museum	Would	Pays	Illus.
Biagio by Antonio Tucci	Virgin and child with angels and saints [ 18 ]	first re half of XV It is century			Hermitage Museum	Saint PETERSBOURG	Russia
Pseudo Pier Francesco Fiorentino	Virgin and child with a goldfinch [ 19 ]	2 It is half of XV It is century	68 × 50	Tempera on wooden panel	private collection
Francesco D’Antonio da Viterbo	Our Lady of the Carnellino [ 20 ]				civic Museum	Viterbe	Italy
Anonymous	Virgin and child with a goldfinch	around 1450	77 × 51	Tempera on wooden panel	private collection
Between Filippo Lippi	Adoration with Saint John the Baptist Child and Saint Bernard [ 21 ]	Around 1459	129.5 × 118.5		Painting gallery	Berlin	Germany
Master of the Nativity of Castello	The Virgin and the Children with the goldfinch [ 22 ]	Around 1455-1460	79.5 × 50.7	oil paint, or templera on poplar panel	Louvre Museum	Paris	France
Master of the Nativity of Castello	The Virgin and the Child [ 23 ]	around 1460	58.5 × 37	Starter and gold on wooden panel	Museum of Fine Arts	Montreal	Canada
Master of the Nativity of Castello (allocated to)	The Virgin and the Children with the goldfinch	second half of XV It is century	61 × 44,7	Starter and gold on wooden panel	Tessing Museum	Le Mans	France
Liberal from Verona	Our Lady of the Carnellino [ 24 ]	2 It is half of XV It is century		sign	Musée de Castelvecchio	Verona	Italy
Piero della Francesca	The Nativity [ 25 ]	Around 1460-1475	124 × 123	Tempera and gold on wood	National Gallery	London	United Kingdom
Pérugin or Painting (attribute to)	Our Lady of the Carnellino [ 26 ]	Fine you XV It is century	round	oil on canvas	Saint John parish	Cantiano	Italy
Ercole de ‘Roberti	The Virgin and the Child surrounded by saints and the Blessed Peter Damien [ 27 ]	1481	323 × 240		Pinacotèque de Brera	Milan	Italy
Carlo Crivelli	Virgin and child [ 28 ]	around 1480	36.5 × 23.5	Tempera and gold on wood	Metropolitan Museum of Art	New York	UNITED STATES
Crynni antonio brenfaffio [ 29 ]	Madone Litta	Around 1490	42 × 33	Transposed wood stretch on canvas	Hermitage Museum	Saint PETERSBOURG	Russia
Raphael	La Madone Solly	Between 1500 and 1504	52 × 38	oil on wood	Painting gallery	Berlin	Germany
Raphael	Saint John the Baptist, the Blessed Virgin and Jesus Child it The Virgin with the goldfinch [ 30 ]	Between 1505 and 1506	107 × 77	oil on wood	Office Gallery	Florence	Italy
Alvise Vivarini	Virgin adored the sleeping Jesus Jesus in the throat	around 1500	first		Redeemer church	Venice	Italy
Michelangelo	Tondo Taddei	Between 1504 and 1507	106.8 (diameter)	marble bas-relief	Royal Academy of Arts	London	United Kingdom
Lorenzo Costa	Virgin and child holding a throat [ thirty first ]	Fine you XV It is century-beginning of XVI It is century	39 × 30.5	Wooden panel oil	private collection
Ludovico Brea	Polyptych [ 32 ]
Ludovico Brea	Polyptych [ 33 ]	Between 1520 and 1523	248 × 210		Saint-Pierre collegiate	Six-Fours	France
Michele Cavaro	Our Lady of the Carnellino [ 34 ]	Between 1549 and 1567	173 × 120		Bonaria Notre-Dame Basilica [ 35 ]	Cagliari	Italy

After the Renaissance [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

See as well [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

• The Église de la Madonna del Cardellino (Madone au Chardonneret), Borgo San Lorenzo, Italie.

• Bust of the child Jesus playing with a bird, XIV ^{It is} century.

• 

  Rétable de Grabow, 1375-1383.

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

• Anna Maria Almond , Regina celi images of the Virgin and the cult of relics: Polish reliquary paintings in medieval times , Lumière Lyon 2 University, coll. “Doctoral thesis of languages, history and civilization of ancient worlds”, 2010 ( read online ) , F. The Virgin in the goldfinch

• (in) Herbert Friedmann , The symbolic goldfinch : Its history and significance in European devotional art , New York, Pantheon Books, coll.  « The Bollingen Series, VII », 1946 , 254 p. (ISBN  978-0-691-09830-2-2 )

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external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]