Boundaries of Hong Kong – Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Regulated administrative border
The Boundaries of Hong Kong , officially the Boundary of the Administrative Division of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China [first] [2] (simplified Chinese: Administrative Regional Boundary of the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ; traditional Chinese: Administrative Regional Boundary of the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ), is a regulated administrative border with border control in force under the One country, two systems constitutional principle, which separates the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from mainland China, by land border fence of 30 km (19 mi) and maritime boundary of 733 km (455 mi), [first] enforcing a separate immigration and customs-controlled jurisdiction from mainland China.
The boundaries of Hong Kong are patrolled and controlled by the Hong Kong Police Force and its Marine Region and the Immigration Department at land and sea. The land boundary also includes a buffer zone, known as Frontier Closed Area.
History [ edit ]
![[icon]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png){kind=small} |
This section needs expansion with: more detailed timeline and additional citations. You can help by adding to it. ( June 2021 )
|
After the First Opium War and territorial establishment of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Island was ceded by the Qing Empire to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland through Treaty of Nanjing in 1842, not marking any official maritime boundaries.
In 1860, the Convention of Peking extended the cession to include Kowloon with the land boundary limits until “Boundary street in Kowloon”. [3] , and in 1898 with additional land of New Territories was leased for 99-years to the British under the Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory with the Sham Chun River primarily marking the boundary between British Hong Kong and Qing dynasty. [4]
Between the years of 1941 and 1945 during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, boundaries of Hong Kong may or may not have been clearly distinguished as parts of Southern China alongside Hong Kong were together occupied by the Japanese Empire. [5] After the Japanese surrender in 1945, all British government institutions in Hong Kong, including the land boundary primarily running across the Sham Chun River were restored. [6]
In 1984, the governments of the United Kingdom and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) concluded the Sino-British Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong, under which the sovereignty of the leased territories, together with Hong Kong Island and Kowloon (south of Boundary Street) ceded under the Convention of Peking (1860), was transferred to the PRC on 1 July 1997, maintaining the current land boundary primarily running across the Sham Chun River, [7] however the Hong Kong Basic Law modified and extended the size of Hong Kong’s maritime boundary with mainland China in 1997. [first]
Historical maps [ edit ]
-
Map of the boundaries of Hong Kong during the Colonial period until 1997.
Immigration control points [ edit ]
As of 2021, 8 out of Hong Kong’s 15 points of entry/border crossings controlled by the Immigration Department are located on or cross the land border fence. [8] Entry and exit immigration clearance into Hong Kong by sea can be cleared at 4 Ferry terminals: [8] , and the other 3 out of 15 immigration clearance points in Hong Kong are located at 2 railway stations and one at the Hong Kong International Airport. [8]
| No. | Hong Kong Control Point |
District in Hong Kong | Type of border crossing and coordinates |
Counterpart Mainland Chinese Port(s) |
District and City in mainland China |
Opened | Weblinks and Remarks | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Land border Control Points crossing the border fence/line [ edit ] |
||||||||
| first | Man Kam To Control Point Wenjin Du Control Station |
Man Kam To, North District | Land border crossing 22°32′13″N 114 ° 07′46 ″ and / 22,5370 ° n 114,1294 ° e |
Wenjindu port Wenjin ferry port |
Luohu distribis, shenzhen | 1976 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
| 2 | Lo Wu Control Point Luohu Control Station |
Lo Wu, North District | Land border crossing 22°31′56″N 114 ° 06′48 ″ and / 22.53222 ° n 114.11333 ° e | Luohu port Lo Wu Control Point |
Luohu distribis, shenzhen | 1986 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
| 3 | Lok Ma Chau Control Point Luomazhou Control Station |
Lok Ma Chau, Yuen Long District | Land border crossing 22°31′15″N 114 ° 04′30 ″ and / 22,52074 ° n 114.07496 ° e | Huanggang port Huanggang Port |
FUTIAN District, Shenzhen | 1989 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
| 4 | Sha tau kok control point Shatou angle control station |
SHA TAU KOK, North District | Land border crossing 22°32′56.8″N 114 ° 13nter23.8 ″ and / 22.549111 ° n 114.223278 ° e | Shatoujiao port Shatou Kokka |
Yantian district, shenzhen | 2005 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
| 5 | Shenzhen Bay Control Point Shenzhen Bay Control Station |
– (Juxtaposed control) | Juxtaposed Land border crossing 22°30′14″N 113 ° 56′41 ″ and / 22,5039 ° n 113.9447 ° e | Shenzhen Bay Port Shenzhen Bay Port |
Nanshan district, shenzhen | 2007 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
| 6 | Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point Luimazhou Branch Regulations Control Station |
Lok Ma Chau, Yuen Long District | Land border crossing 22°30′57″N 114 ° 04′08 ″ and / 22.51577 ° n 114.06877 ° e | Futian Port Futian Port |
FUTIAN District, Shenzhen | 2007 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
| 7 | Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) Hong Kong Port Hong Kong -Zhuhai -Macao Bridge Hong Kong Port |
Chek Lap Kok, Islands District | Land/Sea border crossing the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge 22°16′59″N 113 ° 46′50 ″ and / 22,28306 ° n 113.78056 ° e | Gongbei port Gongbei Port |
GongBei Subdistrib, zhuhai | 2018 | customs.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) fsm.gov.mo (Macau) |
 |
| Border post of the siege gates Hong Kong -Zhuhai -Macao Bridge Macau Port |
Our Lady of Fatima, Macau | |||||||
| 8 | Heung Yuen Wai Control Point Xiangyuan enclosure station |
Heung Yuen Wai, North District | Land border crossing 22°33′15.43″N 114 ° 9′8.72 ″ and / 22.5542861 ° n 114.1524222 ° e | Liantang port Liantang Port |
Luohu distribis, shenzhen | 2020 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) |
 |
Border Control Points with clearance in Hong Kong for crossing Hong Kong boundaries by sea [ edit ] |
||||||||
| 9 | Hong Kong–Macau Ferry Terminal Hong Kong and Macau Passenger Wharf |
Sheung Wan, Central and Western District | Border crossing clearance in Hong Kong for crossing Hong Kong boundaries by sea 22°17′21.74″N 114 ° 9′7.75 ″ and / 22.2893722 ° N 114.1521528 ° e | multiple | multiple | 1985 | MARDEP.GOV.HK |  |
| ten | Hong Kong China Ferry Terminal China Passenger Terminal |
Make Shsui, Young Design Mong District | Border crossing clearance in Hong Kong for crossing Hong Kong boundaries by sea 22°17′58″N 114 ° 10′02 ″ and / 22.29931 ° n 114.16725 ° e | multiple | multiple | 1988 | MARDEP.GOV.HK |  |
| 11 | I support my Ferry Pier Tuen Mun Wharf |
I support my new town, I support my district | Border crossing clearance in Hong Kong for crossing Hong Kong boundaries by sea 22°22′20″N 113 ° 57′58 ″ and / 22.37222 ° n 113.96611 ° e | multiple | multiple | 1988 | MARDEP.GOV.HK |  |
| twelfth | Kai tak cruise terminal Kai Tak Cruise Terminal |
Kai Tak Development, Kowloon City District | Border crossing clearance in Hong Kong for crossing Hong Kong boundaries by sea 22°18′27″N 114 ° 12′46 ″ and / 22.3074 ° n 114.2128 ° e | multiple | multiple | two thousand and thirteen | kaitakcruiseterminal.com.hk |  |
Rail and Air Border Control Points [ edit ] |
||||||||
| 13 | Hung Hom station Hung Hom (Kowloon Station Kowloon Station ) |
Hung Hom, Yau Tsim Mong District/Kowloon City District | Rail border crossing 22°18′10″N 114 ° 10′54 ″ and / 22.3029 ° n 114.1816 ° e | 1975 | mtr.com.hk |  |
||
| 14 | Hong Kong West Kowloon railway station Hong Kong West Kowloon |
Make Shsui, Young Design Mong District | Juxtaposed rail border crossing 22°18′13″N 114 ° 09′54 ″ and / 22.30361 ° n 114,16500 ° e | Hong Kong West Kowloon railway station Hong Kong West Kowloon Station |
– (Juxtaposed control) | 2018 | ka.sz.gov.cn (mainland China) TD.GOV.HK (Hong Kong) Highspeed.mtr.com.hk |
 |
| 15 | Hong Kong International Airport Hongkong International Airport |
Chep lap kok, islands district | Airport border Immigration/Checkpoint 22°18′32″N 113 ° 54′52 ″ and / 22.30889 ° n 113.91444 ° e | – | – | 1998 | hongkongairport.com |  |
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
Recent Comments