Royal Audiencia of Santo Domingo
from Wikipedia, L’Encilopedia Libera.
The Royal Audiencia of Santo Domingo He was the first court of the Spanish crown in the Americas. It was established by Ferdinand V of Castile by decree of 1511, but due to disagreements between the governor of Hispaniola, Diego Colón, and the crown was not implemented until it was restored by Charles V with a decree of 14 September 1526. This audience He would then have been part of the Vicerame of New Spain, created two decades later. The president of Audiencia was simultaneously governor and captain general of the General Harbor Master’s Office of Santo Domingo, which guaranteed him large administrative powers on Spanish possessions in the Caribbean and in most of the coast. This, together with the legal power that the judges of the audience had on the region, meant that the audience of Santo Domingo was the main political entity of the region during the colonial period.
Law II of title XV of book II of the Collection of laws of the Indies of 1680 (which contained the decrees of 14 September 1526, 4 June 1527, 19 April 1583, 30 October 1591 and 17 February 1620) describes the boundaries and functions of audience. [first]
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“We order that in the city of Santo Domingo on the island of Hispaniola there is one of our Audience Real and chancellery, as already established, with a president who will also have to be governor and captain general; Four civilian judges [ listeners ] which must also act as criminal judges [ Crime mayors ]; a lawyer from the crown [ fiscal ]; a judicial officer [ Major sheriff ]; a lieutenant of the great chancellor; and the other necessary ministers and officers, who will have powers on all the districts of the small Antilles, and on the coast of Tierra signatures, and on the governments of Venezuela, Nuova Andalusia, Riohacha who is part of the government of Santa Marta; and in the Guayana or Province of El Dorado the regions that are now part of it, and not beyond; dividing the territories of the South with the four Audience of the new kingdom of Granada, Tierra signatures [Panama], Guatemala and New Spain, in addition to the northern sea coast, with the province of Florida, and with the rest of the northern sea; And that the President-government-Capitan General will be able to order and order what is needed in the military and relative to the good government and to the defense of the aforementioned Island of Santo Domingo, as the other Governors-Captains General of the Provinces of the Indies can and do and have to do, e which holds the position of governor and the other tasks that have become vacant in the district of this Audience Until we appoint new managers, and carry out the affairs relating to the government, and that the judges of the aforementioned Audience They do not intervene in these subjects, nor the president in the judicial ones, and that everyone signs the judgments and ordinances of the judges ” |
The Audiencia of Santo Domingo maintained legal control over the province of Caracas, except for two short periods from 1717 to 1723 and from 1739 to 1742, until the institution of the real audience of Caracas in 1786. He also checked the provinces of Maracaibo, Margarita, Cumaná (New Andalusia), Guayana, Barinas and Trinidad, (transferred to Bogotá’s audience in 1739) from 1777 to 1786, while the plans for the new Audiencia of Caracas were implemented. The president of Audiencia maintained administrative control over Margarita, Cumaná and Caracas for most of the colonial period.
Since Spain yielded Hispaniola to France with the peace of Basel of 1795, Audiencia was transferred to Santa María del Puerto Príncipe (today Camagüey, Cuba) by real decree of 17 March 1799. The new audience was established the following year and call Royal audience by Puerto Príncipe. This audience had jurisdiction on Cuba, Puerto Rico, Louisiana and Florida. In 1838 the Royal audience of Havana, with Puerto Príncipe who maintained control of the eastern and central departments of Cuba, given that Spain had lost Florida and Louisiana. In 1831 the Royal audience of Puerto Rico, then dismantled in 1853.
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