[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki42\/victoria-louise-class-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki42\/victoria-louise-class-wikipedia\/","headline":"Victoria Louise Class – Wikipedia","name":"Victoria Louise Class – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 Victoria Louise class An illustration of the Hansa General description Type protected cruiser Unit number 5 In service with","datePublished":"2018-02-28","dateModified":"2018-02-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki42\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki42\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f5\/S.M._Grosser_Kreuzer_Hansa.jpg\/260px-S.M._Grosser_Kreuzer_Hansa.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f5\/S.M._Grosser_Kreuzer_Hansa.jpg\/260px-S.M._Grosser_Kreuzer_Hansa.jpg","height":"157","width":"260"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki42\/victoria-louise-class-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4973,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4Victoria Louise class An illustration of the Hansa General description Type protected cruiser Unit number 5 In service with Imperial navy Precautionary 1897-1898 Modernization 1905-1911 General characteristics Displacement from 6,491 to 6,705 t (full load) Length from 110.5 at 110.6 m Length from 17.4 to 17.6 m Draft from 6.58 to 7.08 m Propulsion To the construction:        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Modernization of 1905-1911: from 12 to 18 transverse boilers like Belville 3 triple expansion steam engines 10.000 shp (7.500 kW) 3 propellers Speed from 18.5 in 19.5 knots (from 34 to 36 km \/ h) Autonomy To the construction:        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Modernization of 1905-1911: 3,840 nautical miles (7,110 km; 4,420 MI) at 12 knots (22 km\/h; 14 mph) Crew 31 officials, 446 sailors Weaponry Artillery To the construction: Modernization of 1905-1911: Torpedoes 3 45 cm spear pipes Armor Krupp armor        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Bridge: From 40 to 100 mm Torrette: To: 100 mm Roof: 30 mm Casemate: 100 mm Command tower: From: 150 mm Roof: 30 mm Poppa sighting tower: 12 mm Sources mentioned in the body of the text Voices of classes of cruisers on Wikipedia  The Victoria Louise class It was a class of protected cruisers built for the marine Kaiserliche between 1895 and 1899. He took his name from Princess Vittoria Luisa of Prussia. The class included five units overall: the leader Victoria Louise , the Hertha , the Freya , the Vineta and the Hansa . The ships were allocated to various fleets of the German Navy scattered throughout the globe, from South America to the Squadron of Eastern Asia, taking part in various war events, such as the rebellion of the boxers, the Venezuelan crisis of 1902-1903 and the First War Balkan. They were withdrawn from the first line shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, remaining in service in secondary roles until the 1920s. Table of ContentsTechnical features [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Propulsion [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Armament and armor [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Victoria Louise [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Hertha [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Freya [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Vineta [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Hansa [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Technical features [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Maximum scheme of the Victoria Louise class The first three ships of the class, the Victoria Louise , the Hertha and the Freya , were 110.6 m long, 17.4 m wide and with a 6.58 m to 6.93 m. The provision of project was 5,660 t, which at full load went up to 6,491 t. There Vineta and the Hansa Instead, they had slightly different dimensions than the sisters. 110.5 m long, 17.6 m wide and with a 7.08 m to 7.34 m draft, their displacement varied from 5,885 T project to 6,705 T at full load. [first] The hull was made of a steel frame, consisting of longitudinal and transversal elements, covered with a single layer of wooden boards. To protect it from Fouling, the hull was covered with a layer of Muntz metal, a particular copper and zinc alloy, which extended up to 1 m above the floating line. This coating was subsequently removed from Victoria Louise , from the Hertha and from the Freya . The interior of the hull was divided internally into twelve watertight compartments, later reduced to eleven, with the exception of the Freya . There was also a double bottom that extended for 60% of the length of the hull. [first] The overall design inspired the latest generation of armored cruisers, which combined a particularly wide hull, a clipper type stern and a bow with rostrum. [2] The standard crew was 31 officers and 446 sailors, in the event that the ship acted as a second flagship in the second were added 9 officers and 41 sailors. After their conversion to school ships, the crew was significantly expanded to incorporate the cadets, rising to 26 officers and 658 sailors, 75 of which were cadets and 300 hubs. Each ship transported a dozen smaller boats, including a spear and two cutter. After the modernization, these boats were also magazines in type and number, in particular a spear, a barge and five cutter were added. [first] The ships had a good seal at the sea; They were easy to navigate and were dry as a result of their high bow castle. However, they had the tendency to peck by sailing leeward, and suffered from a high shock with strong winds due to their large superstructures. They were difficult to maneuver without the activation of the central propeller and lost only 10% of speed in the sea strongly moved or under all rudder. In addition, with the empty lower charcoal warehouses, the ships became very unstable, with all the empty warehouses in the narrow turn the ships inclined 15 \u00b0. This problem was solved in modernization works, which lasted from 1905 to 1911. The transversal metacentric height was 0.56-0.73 m. [first] At the construction, the internal environments proved to be excessively hot, so much so that it was necessary to review the ventilation system before entry into the service of the ships. [first] Propulsion [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The propulsion system of all ships consisted of three triple expansion four -ending steam engines built by the AG Vulcan that each pushed a propeller. With the exception of the Hansa , in the other four ships the steam was supplied by 12 coal boilers from different manufacturers. There Victoria Louise and the Vineta they had d\u00fcrr boilers, the Freya had niclausse boilers and the Hertha He had Belville type boilers. There Hansa Instead, it was equipped with 18 transversal Belville type boilers. Niclausse boilers installed on Freya They proved to be particularly problematic, so as to push the Navy to standardize the choice of boilers for their ships, which in the future would have been equipped only with ThornyCroft-Schulz or naval type boilers. During the modernization works carried out between 1905 and 1911, the ships were re-sequined with naval transversal boilers. [first] During the same works the three smokes were reduced to two. [first] The three engines installed on ships had an estimated power of 10,000 shp (7,500 kW), which guaranteed a maximum speed of 19.5 knots (36.1 km\/h; 22.4 mph) for the Victoria Louise , the Hertha and the Freya and 18.5 knots (34.3 km\/h; 21.3 mph) for the Vineta and the Hansa . From Project the ships could load up to 950 t of coal, which allowed an autonomy of 3,412 nautical miles (6,319 km; 3.926 MI) at 12 knots (22 km\/h; 14 mph). The naval boilers installed during the modernization of 1905-1911 were more efficient and allowed to increase autonomy to 3,840 nautical miles (7,110 km; 4,420 mi) at the same speed. There Victoria Louise and the Hertha They were equipped with four electricity generators that provided 224-271 kW (300-363 HP) at 110 volts; The other three ships had three generators who deliver 169-183 kW (227-245 HP) at 110 volts. The boats were governed with a single, great rudder placed behind the central propeller. [first] Armament and armor [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The main armament consisted of two 21 cm SK l\/40 cannons in single turrets, one in the bow and one a stern. The cannons, each with 58 bullets, had a range of 16,300 m. The secondary armament consisted of eight 15 cm SK l\/40 cannons, four placed in turrets and four in houses. Their range was 13,700 m. During the modernization two 15 cm cannons were removed. [first] Each ship was also equipped ten 8.8 cm SK l\/30 cm cannons, an eleventh was added during the modernization works. Also during modernization, three 8.8 cm SK\/L35 cannons were added. [first] The armament was completed by ten machine guns [2] , removed during modernization. The ships were also equipped with three 45 cm spear pipes, each equipped with eight torpedoes. Two launch pipes were mounted on the side and the third in the bow, all below the floating line. In 1916 all the ships of the class were disarmed except for the Freya , which as used for the shooting training, was reappeared with a single 15 cm cannon, four 10.5 cm cannons SK L\/45 and fourteen 8.8 cm cannons both in the SK L\/30 version and SK L \/35. [first] The ships were protected by a Krupp armor. On the bridge the armor varied from 40 to 100 mm. In the command tower the armor was 150 mm on the sides and 30 mm on the roof. The sighting tower, located at the stern, was protected only from the splinters, with an armor of 12 mm on the sides. The turret armor was 100 mm thick on the sides and 30 mm on the roof, while the casemate’s armor was 100 mm. The Hansa In a fairing basin on the construction sites of the AG Vulcan, 1898 The Victoria Louise It was set in the Brema construction sites of AG Wesser in 1895 with the construction number 116. It was launched on March 29, 1897 and entered service on February 20, 1899. It cost the imperial government 10,714,000 Goldmark. The construction of the Hertha In 1895 he began in the construction sites of the AG Vulcan di Stettino with the construction number 233. He was launched on April 14, 1897 and entered service on 23 July 1898. Before his class to enter service, he cost 9,932,000 Goldmark. There Freya It was set in 1895 on the Kaiserlic Werft construction site. He was passed on April 27, 1897 and entered service on October 20, 1898. He cost 11,094,000 Goldmark. [first] The Vineta It was set in the Kaiserlic Werft construction sites in 1896. It was launched on 9 December 1897 and entered service on September 13, 1899. I cost 10.714,000 Goldmark. There Hansa , the last ship of the class, was set in 1896 on the construction sites of AG Vulcan with the construction number 235. It was passed on March 12, 1898 and entered service on April 20, 1899. It cost 10,270,000 Goldmark. [first] The Victoria Louise and the Hansa They were subjected to modernization works in Kiel’s Kaiserlic Werft construction sites. The works lasted respectively from 1906 to 1908 and from 1907 to 1909. The other three ships were modernized in the Kaiserlic Werft construction sites in Gdansk. The works lasted from 1906 to 1908 for the Hertha , from 1905 to 1907 for the Freya and from 1909 to 1911 for the Vineta . The Freya He was subjected to subsequent works, always on the Danti di Danzica, from 1911 to 1913, while the Hansa He was subjected to subsequent work on Kiel construction sites in 1915. [first] Victoria Louise [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The Victoria Louise He served in the marine Kaiserlic for the first seven years of his career. [first] In 1901 he represented Germany at the funeral of Queen Vittoria. [3] Movedernata in 1906, since 1908 he served as a school ship for the cadets of the Navy. [first] In 1909 he was visiting the United States of America [4] and at the outbreak of the First World War he was mobilized in V. Enlightenment group . [5] In October 1914 it was attacked, without success, by the British submarine HMS E1 . [6] At the end of the year he was withdrawn from the service. Later he was employed as posamine and barracks ship, staying stationed in Gdansk for the rest of the war. Sold in 1919 and transformed into a cargo ship the following year, the Victoria Louise He remained on duty in this role until 1923, the year in which he was demolished. [first] Hertha [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The Hertha to Dar Es Salaam, at the time part of the German Eastern Africa The Hertha He served abroad, in the Eastern Asia squadron, for the first six years of his career. For a short time, in 1900, he was part of the squadron of the flagship ship. In the same year he participated in the rebellion of the boxers, during which together with his sister Hansa He landed part of the troops who captured the strong Taku. [7] Back in Germany, in 1905 she was modernized and, since 1908, she was employed as a school ship. [first] He led a series of training cruises, and many future prominent officials were needed on it, including Karl D\u00f6nitz and Ernst Lindemann. [8] [9] At the outbreak of the First World War, the Hertha was mobilized in V. Enlightenment group , but served in the front line only for a short time. Since 1915 he was employed as a barracks ship. It was demolished in 1920. [first] Freya [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The Freya Unlike his sister ships, he served in the fleet stationed in Germany. As a result, he led a fairly quite peaceful career. After the modernization works of 1905-1907, the Freya It was used as a school ship for cadets, among them there was G\u00fcnther L\u00fctjens. [first] [ten] During a visit to Canada in 1908, a Canadian Scouna accidentally squandered, causing its sinking and death of 9 sailors. [11] At the outbreak of the First World War, the Freya was mobilized in V. Enlightenment group , but served in the front line only for a short time. After 1915 it was used as a barracks ship. It was demolished in 1921. [first] Vineta [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The Vineta He was stationed in the Americas for the first years of his career. [twelfth] During this period he took part in the Venezuelan crisis of 1902-1903, bombing several Venezuelane fortresses. [13] He returned to Germany in 1905, where he was employed as school ships, in particular for training to the use of torpedoes, until 1908. He was modernized in 1909-1911, after which he was again employed as a school ship. [first] In November 1912, during the First Balkan war, he took part in an international action [14] aimed at the protection of foreign citizens residing in the Ottoman Empire. The outbreak of the First World War, as the other sisters were initially mobilized in V. Enlightenment group , to then be collected from the first line and transformed into a barracks ship in 1915. It was demolished in 1920. [first] Hansa [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The Hansa He served in the Eastern Asia squadron, for the first six years of his career. Together with Hertha , part of the troops who captured the strong Taku during the boxer revolt. During the Russian-Japanese war, together with the F\u00fcrst Bismarck prevented the Russian ships who were damaged in the battle of the Yellow Sea, including the flagship ship Cesirevic , to leave the port in which they had taken refuge. [15] Back in Germany in 1906, it was modernized and at the end of the works, in 1909, employed as a school ship. At the outbreak of the First World War the Hansa was mobilized in V. Enlightenment group . Withdrawn from the first line in 1915, it was employed as a barracks ship. It was demolished in 1920. [first] ^  a b c d It is f g h i j k l m n O p q r s t in in In x  ( IN ) Erich Gr\u00f6ner, German Warships 1815\u20131945 , Annapolis, Naval Institute Press, 1990,  pp.\u00a047-48, ISBN\u00a00-87021-790-9.  ^  a b  ( IN ) Robert Gardiner, Conway’s All the World’s Fighting Ships 1860\u20131905 , Greenwich, Conway Maritime Press, 1979,  p.\u00a0254, ISBN\u00a00-8317-0302-4.  ^    Naval Notes , in R.U.S.I. Journal , XLV, Londra, Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, 1901,  pp.\u00a0190-207.  ^  ( IN ) Edward F. Levine, Roger Panetta, Hudson\u2013Fulton Celebration Of 1909 , Charleston, Arcadia Publishing, 2009, p. 51, ISBN 978-0-7385-6281-0  ^  ( IN ) Robert Gardiner, Randal Gray, Conway’s All the World’s Fighting Ships: 1906\u20131922 , Annapolis, Naval Institute Press, 1984,  p.\u00a0142, ISBN\u00a00-87021-907-3.  ^  ( IN ) Richard Compton-Hall, Submarines at War 1914\u20131918 , Penzance, Periscope Publishing, 2004,  pp.\u00a0137-138, ISBN\u00a01-904381-21-9.  ^  ( IN ) Michael Perry, Peking 1900: the Boxer Rebellion , Oxford, Osprey Publishing, 2001,  p.\u00a029, ISBN\u00a0978-1-84176-181-7.  ^  ( IN ) Clay Blair, Hitler’s U-boat War: The Hunters, 1939\u20131942 , New York, Modern Library, 1996, p. 35, ISBN 0-679-64032-0  ^  ( OF ) Jens Gr\u00fctzner, Captain to the Sea Ernst Lindemann: The Bismarck commander – a biography , Vdm Headz’s nickel, 2010, PP. 28-29, ISBN 978-3-8669-047-4.  ^  ( IN ) Burkhard von Mullenheim-Rechberg, Battleship Bismarck, A Survivor’s Story , Annapolis, Naval Institute Press, 1980,  p.\u00a063, ISBN\u00a0978-0-87021-096-9.  ^  ( IN ) Michael Hadley, Roger Sarthy, Tin-Pots and Pirate Ships: Canadian Naval Forces and German Sea Raiders 1880-1918 , McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1991,  p.\u00a049, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7735-0778-4.  ^    Naval Notes , in R.U.S.I. Journal , XLIV, Londra, Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, 1900,  pp.\u00a0684-699.  ^  ( IN ) Nancy Mitchell, The Danger of Dreams: German and American Imperialism in Latin America , Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1999,  p.\u00a086, ISBN\u00a00-8078-4775-5.  ^  ( IN ) 181 H. P. Willmott, The Last Century of Sea Power: Port Arthur to Chanak, 1894\u20131922 , Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2009, ISBN\u00a0978-0-253-35214-9.  ^  ( IN ) Togo Bound for the South\u00a0? , in The New York Times , New York, 14 August URL consulted on May 28, 2013 .       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