Youth protection – Wikipedia

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Under the term Youth protection legal regulations for the protection of young people and children are summarized against health, moral and other dangers. The focus is on youth in public, protection against media, youth welfare and youth welfare protection. In addition, the term practical measures by the state is to be used to implement the norms of youth protection. Regardless of controls by authorities, the providers of youth -hazardous products and services are jointly responsible for the fact that no minors belong to their customers or customers.

A police operation as part of the protection of minors. Several youngsters have to dispose of alcoholic beverages that have just been acquired here because they have not exceeded the necessary age limit.

In various states and cultures, there are sometimes very different ideas about it,

  • which young people must be protected from,
  • Which age limits are to be drawn in different protection areas and
  • what proportion of protection the state provides by legal regulations and what proportion it leaves to the responsibility of the legal guardians.

One problem is to implement legal regulations into social practice. B. a general ban on alcohol for young people (i.e. people under the age of 21), which is also rigorously enforced. In Germany, on the other hand, many regulations on the protection of minors will be undermined: massive alcohol abuse or the access of minors to youth -protected products often occur. [first] [2] Consuming certain alcoholic beverages is also permitted in Germany from the age of 16; He is not systematically prevented in even younger ones. Access to pornographic or violent media is prohibited in Germany, but also not more difficult than in countries without this restriction.

The legal regulations on the minimum age are also very different in the various states, from which self -determined sexuality is allowed. The question of the extent to which such norms have a practical importance is to be answered differently from country to country.

Such differences usually have their roots in traditional thinking and behavior patterns in the respective societies as well as in very different ideas about the relationship between the state and the individual. But historical experiences also play a role (e.g. the idea that is particularly pronounced in Germany that the state must do everything to prevent a repetition of National Socialist violent excesses).

A conflict of goals is in the conception of the protection of minors in the fact that, on the one hand, young people are still a low age and that some elements of the idea of ​​child protection are also applicable to young people (e.g. the idea that young people also have to be protected from unfortunate challenges), on the other hand) But young people hardly distinguish from adults compared to children, whose rights and obligations they already acquire on their 18th birthday (in Germany and many other countries). In the case of excessive protection of minors, there is a risk that young adults do not meet the requirements of their new role.

The diversity of the regulations in different countries indicate the difficulty of finding the “correct” regulation, although, at least in the western-pluralistic societies, the realities of life of the young people do not differ significantly. On the one hand there is traditional thinking and historical experience, combined with the concern for the well -being of the youngsters. On the other hand, children and adolescents develop faster in many ways than adults want to admit this (puberty), which should actually be encouraged and at most gently steered, but should not be slowed down or ignored. However, this development is not equally quick and similar for all young people. In addition, there is the increasing plurality of society and the technical progress, which to be growing to the youngsters with opportunities, freedom and personal responsibility, for example when using the Internet. The disagreements and conflicts resulting in this area of ​​tension are emotionally charged and are therefore well suited for political and media populism. It is therefore difficult for the individual to judge what inflated extreme cases are, which is a social problem, and what is actually quite normal and in order.

Especially since the assessment changes over time. The sexuality of young people (or unmarried generally) is exemplary, which is no longer a stimulus topic today, while it was very different thirty or even fifty years ago. In this respect, it is actually not possible or sensible in any pluralistic society to find a clear consensus and to pour it into laws that are strictly enforced. Rather, the legislator tends to do so tend to do what has long been general practice, and loosens the rules, the violation of which is de facto no longer being punished. Examples from Germany are the deletion of the “wreath money paragraph” in 1998 or § 175 StGB for the ban on homosexuality, which existed in a relaxed form until 1994. Both also affected young people.

Church moral teachings such as Catholic Catechism, which deal with such questions among other things, are committed to a very traditional educational approach and are not exactly for flexible adaptation to social facts, are hardly considered and are therefore no longer suitable as a general guideline.

Regulations can be found in the following laws:

An important instrument of German youth protection is the Bonn -based federal test center for media -endangering media (BPJM). Another institution funded by the Federal Government is Jugendschutz.net.

In Austria, youth protection falls into the responsibility of the federal states. There are therefore nine youth protection laws in Austria (one for every federal state). There is also the federal pornography law. In urgent cases and emergencies, the Austrian children’s and youth telephone service offers 147- Council on wire free advice on the subject of minor protection.

There is no actual youth protection law in Switzerland. The corresponding regulations can be found in other laws such as the alcohol law, the Federal Food Ordinance or in cantonal commercial laws.

  • Roland Bornemann / Murad Erdemir (ed.): Nomos Commentary Youth Media Protection State Treaty . 2nd ed. 2021, Nomos, ISBN 978-3-8487-6502-7
  • Marc Liesching / Susanne Schuster (employee): Youth protection law: Youth Protection Act, youth media protection state contract, provisions of the Criminal Code and the Broadcasting Treaty. comment . 5. over -the -arb. Ed. 2011, Verlag C.H.Beck, ISBN 978-3-406-61196-4
  • Bruno W. Nikles / Sigmar Roll / Dieter Spurck / Murad Erdemir / Sebastian Gutknecht: Youth protection law. Commentary on the Youth Protection Act (JuschG) and the youth media protection state contract (JMStV) with the extracts’ commentary of the Criminal Code and other provisions on minor protection , 3rd new shape. And over -the -arb. Edition 2011, Verlag Luchterhand, ISBN 978-3-472-07978-1
  • Child and youth protection in science and practice (KJUG), editor: Bruno W. Nikles for the Federal Working Group Kinders- und Jugendschutz e.V. (BAJ), Berlin. Quarter appearing journal, ISSN  1865-9330
  1. ↑ Berlin Coma-Sanner died ( Memento of the Originals from September 29, 2007 in Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been used automatically and not yet checked. Please check original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. @first @2 Template: Webachiv/Iabot/ftd.de FTD of March 29, 2007
  2. ↑ Girls with 4.1 per thousand in the hospital WELT ONLINE from March 25, 2007