[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/14514#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/14514","headline":"\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a – \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2","name":"\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a – \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2","description":"before-content-x4 \u4efb\u671f\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u8b66\u5bdf \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u300114\u6b73\u304b\u308920\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u767b\u9332\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5305\u542b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u884c\u653f\u9055\u53cd\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u306e\u9055\u53cd\u306b\u306f\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 after-content-x4 \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306f\u5e83\u304f\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u3068\u6210\u9577\u3059\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u3082\u610f\u5473\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u3067\u306f\u300114\u6b73\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u4eba\u3005\uff08\u72af\u7f6a\u6642\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7f70\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7f70\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u8ca0\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 18\u6b73\u304b\u308920\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u4eba\u3005\uff08\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff09\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u3001\u6210\u4eba\u5211\u6cd5\u3068\u5c11\u5e74\u6cd5\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306b\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u6cd5\u3068\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3068\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u798f\u7949\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u300114\u6b73\u304b\u308918\u6b73\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u307f\u304c\u82e5\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u8b66\u5bdf\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\u3082\u8efd\u3044\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u304c\u7591\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8b66\u5bdf\u306e\u635c\u67fb\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5341\u5206\u306b\u7591\u308f\u3057\u3044\u4eba\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7591\u308f\u3057\u3044\u3002\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4eba\u306f\u6cd5\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u3042\u308b\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u306e\u307f\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6697\u3044\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e\u9752\u5e74\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9752\u5e74\u306e\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u5f8c\u306b\u306e\u307f\u72af\u7f6a\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a71\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff08\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u7d71\u8a08\uff09\u3002 [\u521d\u3081] after-content-x4 \u5e74\u9f62 – \u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7d71\u8a08\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u983b\u5ea6\u306e\u7d14\u7c8b\u306b\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u5e73\u5747\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u7279\u306b\u300c\u82e5\u8005\u56fa\u6709\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3001\u6210\u4eba\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u5b50\u4f9b\u3084\u9752\u5e74\u304c\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 [2] \u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5b50\u4f9b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u4e07\u5f15\u304d\u3084\u8ca1\u7523\u306e\u640d\u5bb3\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u602a\u6211\u306f\u6700\u3082\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6210\u9577\u3059\u308b\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9ebb\u85ac\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u82e5\u3044\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u307e\u305f\u3001\u300c\u64a4\u9000\u300d\uff08\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u5f37\u76d7\u3084\u76d7\u96e3\uff09\u3084\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3084\u5b66\u6821\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306e\u3044\u3058\u3081\u3084\u3044\u3058\u3081\uff08in\u8fb1\u3001\u6050tor\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082\u66b4\u884c\uff09\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u306f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6280\u8853\u3092\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 B.\u88ab\u5bb3\u8005\u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066s\u8fb1\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8105\u8feb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5e78\u305b\u306a\u5e73\u624b\u6253\u3061\u4e2d\u306b\u643a\u5e2f\u96fb\u8a71\u306e\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30eb\u3092\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u4e0a\u306b\u5e83\u304c\u308b\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u3044\u3058\u3081\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3002 [3] \u8b66\u5bdf\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\uff08PK\uff09\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u30d8\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c9\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002","datePublished":"2019-01-22","dateModified":"2019-01-22","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/36\/Jugendkriminalit%C3%A4t_Deutschland.jpg\/400px-Jugendkriminalit%C3%A4t_Deutschland.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/36\/Jugendkriminalit%C3%A4t_Deutschland.jpg\/400px-Jugendkriminalit%C3%A4t_Deutschland.jpg","height":"292","width":"400"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/14514","wordCount":2467,"articleBody":" (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4\u4efb\u671f\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u8b66\u5bdf \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u300114\u6b73\u304b\u308920\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u767b\u9332\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5305\u542b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u884c\u653f\u9055\u53cd\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u306e\u9055\u53cd\u306b\u306f\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306f\u5e83\u304f\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u3068\u6210\u9577\u3059\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u3082\u610f\u5473\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u3067\u306f\u300114\u6b73\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u4eba\u3005\uff08\u72af\u7f6a\u6642\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7f70\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7f70\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u8ca0\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 18\u6b73\u304b\u308920\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u4eba\u3005\uff08\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff09\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u3001\u6210\u4eba\u5211\u6cd5\u3068\u5c11\u5e74\u6cd5\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306b\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u6cd5\u3068\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3068\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u798f\u7949\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u300114\u6b73\u304b\u308918\u6b73\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u307f\u304c\u82e5\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u8b66\u5bdf\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\u3082\u8efd\u3044\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u304c\u7591\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8b66\u5bdf\u306e\u635c\u67fb\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5341\u5206\u306b\u7591\u308f\u3057\u3044\u4eba\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7591\u308f\u3057\u3044\u3002\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4eba\u306f\u6cd5\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u3042\u308b\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u306e\u307f\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6697\u3044\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e\u9752\u5e74\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9752\u5e74\u306e\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u5f8c\u306b\u306e\u307f\u72af\u7f6a\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a71\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff08\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u7d71\u8a08\uff09\u3002 [\u521d\u3081] (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u5e74\u9f62 – \u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7d71\u8a08\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u983b\u5ea6\u306e\u7d14\u7c8b\u306b\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u5e73\u5747\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u7279\u306b\u300c\u82e5\u8005\u56fa\u6709\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3001\u6210\u4eba\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u5b50\u4f9b\u3084\u9752\u5e74\u304c\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 [2] \u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5b50\u4f9b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u4e07\u5f15\u304d\u3084\u8ca1\u7523\u306e\u640d\u5bb3\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u602a\u6211\u306f\u6700\u3082\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6210\u9577\u3059\u308b\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9ebb\u85ac\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u82e5\u3044\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u307e\u305f\u3001\u300c\u64a4\u9000\u300d\uff08\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u5f37\u76d7\u3084\u76d7\u96e3\uff09\u3084\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3084\u5b66\u6821\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306e\u3044\u3058\u3081\u3084\u3044\u3058\u3081\uff08in\u8fb1\u3001\u6050tor\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082\u66b4\u884c\uff09\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u306f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6280\u8853\u3092\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 B.\u88ab\u5bb3\u8005\u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066s\u8fb1\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8105\u8feb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5e78\u305b\u306a\u5e73\u624b\u6253\u3061\u4e2d\u306b\u643a\u5e2f\u96fb\u8a71\u306e\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30eb\u3092\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u4e0a\u306b\u5e83\u304c\u308b\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u3044\u3058\u3081\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3002 [3] \u8b66\u5bdf\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\uff08PK\uff09\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u30d8\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c9\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [4] \u72af\u7f6a\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u3068\u75c7\u72b6\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u4e3b\u306b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u304c\u8b70\u8ad6\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306f\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4f9d\u5b58\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u82e5\u8005\u306b\u3082\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [5] \u72af\u7f6a\u5f62\u6210\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u59a8\u5bb3\u3068\u95a2\u4fc2\u8005\u306e\u6027\u683c\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u74b0\u5883\uff08\u5bb6\u65cf\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u885d\u52d5\u306e\u56f0\u96e3\uff09\u3001\u5b9f\u884c\u3078\u306e\u30d7\u30ec\u30c3\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u3001\u6b32\u6c42\u4e0d\u6e80\u306e\u5bdb\u5bb9\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\/\u307e\u305f\u306f\u60aa\u3044\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u898b\u901a\u3057\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 [6] (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u7c73\u56fd\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6570\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u7e26\u65ad\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u30011990\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u982d\/1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u534a\u3070\u306b\u30016\u6b73\u306e\u300c\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u30e1\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30f3\u30a8\u30a4\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5b50\u4f9b\u306e\u6700\u592750\uff05\u304c\u5ef6\u6ede\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5831\u544a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [7] \u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3001\u30d8\u30d3\u30fc\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u3001\u30b4\u30b7\u30c3\u30af\u3001\u30d1\u30f3\u30af\u3001\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3001\u30d6\u30eb\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u597d\u3080\u82e5\u8005\u3001\u30d2\u30c3\u30d7\u30db\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6700\u8fd1\u306e\u5146\u5019\u304c\u307e\u3060\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30dd\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30b7\u30c3\u30af\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30ba\u306e\u597d\u307f\u306f\u3001\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u3044\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5c48\u8fb1\u7684\u306a\u975e\u884c\u3068\u76f8\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [8] \u82e5\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u9069\u5fdc\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7d1b\u4e89\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u306e\u9055\u53cd\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u306e\u9055\u53cd\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3067\u300c\u6b63\u5e38\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u306e80\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3068\u3001\u8abf\u67fb\u3067\u8a18\u9332\u3067\u304d\u308b\u7537\u306e\u5b50\u3068\u82e5\u3044\u7537\u6027\u306e\u5e73\u574790\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306f\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u5211\u6cd5\u306e\u5211\u6cd5\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u5305\u542b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u5ea6\u306f\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u4eba\u751f\u3067\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u72af\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [9] 2000\u5e74\u304b\u30892008\u5e74\u306e\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a 2009\u5e74\u300196,627\u4eba\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\uff082008\uff1a101,387\uff09\u3001248,702\u4eba\u306e\u82e5\u8005\uff082008\uff1a265,771\uff09\u3001227,847\u4eba\u306e\u9752\u5e74\uff082008\uff1a237.190\uff09\u304c\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u306f4.4\uff05\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e7411.4\uff05\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e10.4\uff05\u3092\u72af\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 21\u6b73\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u5408\u8a0826.2\uff05\u304c\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7d71\u8a08\u306f\u3001\u7dcf\u4eba\u53e3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u58f0\u660e\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 [\u5341] \u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u7bc4\u56f2\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\uff08\u8b66\u5bdf\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u56da\u4eba\u7d71\u8a08\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 [11] \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u691c\u51fa\u671f\u9593\/\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3084\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3067\u306f\u5339\u6575\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u306f\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u58f0\u660e\u3092\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u30c0\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u7d4c\u9a13\u7684\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u3068\u72a0\u7272\u8005\u8abf\u67fb\uff09\u306f\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u30d8\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u88dc\u5b8c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u8907\u6570\u307e\u305f\u306f\u96c6\u4e2d\u72af\u7f6a\u8005 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u82e5\u8005\u306e\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e\u3054\u304f\u4e00\u90e8\uff08\u7d043\u301c5\uff05\uff09\u306f\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u9855\u8457\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5c11\u5e74\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u3001\u5973\u306e\u5b50\u3088\u308a\u3082\u300c\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u300d\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u7591\u3044\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5dde\u306e\u5211\u4e8b\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8907\u6570\u307e\u305f\u306f\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u306a\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306f\u3001\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u3067\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u306e30\u301c60\uff05\u306e\u9593\u3067\u3082\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u79fb\u884c\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u82e5\u8005 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] 2005\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e22.5\uff05\u304c\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e\u975e\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306f\u30011996\u5e74\u304b\u30892006\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u306625.8\u301c17.5\uff05\u306b\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79fb\u4f4f\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u3068\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u5e02\u6c11\u6a29\u3092\u6301\u3064\u82e5\u8005\u3001 B.\u5f8c\u671f\u306e\u672c\u4eba\u306f\u3001\u8b66\u5bdf\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\u306e\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001550\u4eba\u306e\u8b66\u5bdf\u306e\u7d0480\uff05\u304c\u30012009\u5e74\u306b\u6709\u540d\u306a\u96c6\u4e2d\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u304c\u79fb\u4f4f\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 2013\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306f\u5909\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u306e\u96c6\u4e2d\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u30a2\u30e9\u30d6\u8d77\u6e90\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0843\uff05\uff09\u300132\uff05\u304c\u30c8\u30eb\u30b3\u304b\u3089\u6765\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [12\u756a\u76ee] [13] \u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30bf\u30c7\u30a3\u306f\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306b\u79fb\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u51fa\u8eab\u5730\u57df\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u969b\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u79fb\u6c11\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u9593\u306e\u682a\u5f0f\u306f\u30012009\u5e74\u306b\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u65e7\u30e6\u30fc\u30b4\u30b9\u30e9\u30d3\u30a2\/\u30a2\u30eb\u30d0\u30cb\u30a2\u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u5357\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c \u30c8\u30eb\u30b3\u3001\u5357\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30a220\uff05 \u30a2\u30e9\u30d6\u8af8\u56fd\/\u5317\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u3068\u5317\u7c7319\uff05 \u65e7\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u9023\u90a6\u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u6771\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d118\uff05 \u4ed6\u306e\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u3068\u30dd\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c917\uff05 \u5317\/\u897f\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d114\uff05 \u4ed6\u306e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u8af8\u56fd11\uff05\u3002 [14] \u79fb\u6c11\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u306f\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u304c\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u3088\u308a\u3082\u7269\u8b70\u3092\u91b8\u3059\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u3088\u308a\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79fb\u884c\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u82e5\u8005\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u53cd\u5bfe\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u8b70\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3055\u3048\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059 \u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u4f59\u6687\u884c\u52d5 \u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u304c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u306a\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3088\u308a\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u30a2\u30eb\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u6d88\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u79fb\u884c\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u82e5\u8005\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u898b\u89e3\u3068\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u7570\u306a\u3063\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [15] [16] 2010\u5e74\u306b\u767a\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u88c1\u5224\u5b98Kirsten Heisig\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30bb\u30e9\u30fc\u306e\u672c \u5fcd\u8010\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3092\u516c\u958b\u3057\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u4e26\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u306e\u5931\u6557\u3001\u554f\u984c\u9818\u57df\uff08\u300c\u30b2\u30c3\u30c8\u30fc\u5316\u300d\u300d\u3001\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u300d\uff09\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u306e\u6163\u6027\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3084\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u30aa\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u306e\u5931\u6557\uff08\u90e8\u9580\u306e\u601d\u8003\u3084\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u591a\u6570\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3092\u7bc9\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u300c\u79fb\u884c\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u5206\u96e2\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u304f\u610f\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6c11\u65cf\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5185\u306b\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u84c4\u7a4d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 B.\u30c8\u30eb\u30b3\u4eba\u3068\u30a2\u30e9\u30d3\u30a2\u8a9e\u306e\u79fb\u6c11\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u6c11\u65cf\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u306f\u84c4\u7a4d\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3059\u3067\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u7279\u306b\u82e5\u3044\u7537\u6027\u79fb\u6c11\u306e\u9593\u3067\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u306e\u8cc7\u683c\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u306e\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u7d4c\u9a13\u3067\u3059\u3002 [17] \u653b\u6483\u7684\u306a\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u767a\u9054\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 \u65e9\u3081\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8 \u304b\u3089 \u6545\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc 14\u6b73\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u306f\u3001\u30da\u30ca\u30eb\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u767a\u751f\u3068\u3057\u306614\u6b73\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u533a\u5225\u3067\u3059\u3002 [18] \u8a00\u8a9e\u958b\u767a\u306e\u8d64\u5b57\u306f\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u304c\u90e8\u5916\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u3092\u4f53\u9a13\u3057\u3001\u8105\u8feb\u7684\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3001\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u3084\u5c0f\u5b66\u6821\u3067\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 [19] \u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u79fb\u52d5\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u624b\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3044\u3067\u884c\u304f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u7b2c2\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b2c3\u79fb\u6c11\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u3067\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30b5\u30fc\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08 \u201e\u975e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5b50\u4f9b\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\u305f\u3061 “-perspektive \uff09\u3002 [20] \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79fb\u884c\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u5287\u7684\u306a\u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u3068\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u4e21\u89aa\u304b\u3089\u81ea\u6cbb\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3044\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u3082\u79fb\u6c11\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u4e21\u89aa\u306e\u5bb6\u306b\u6295\u3052\u304b\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u958b\u767a\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u82e5\u3044\u79fb\u6c11\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u5fc3\u7406\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u306b\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u79fb\u6c11\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u514b\u670d\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 [21] \u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u30012016\u5e74\u306b\u5916\u56fd\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c4\u3092\u6301\u3064\u5211\u4e8b\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306f50\uff05\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [22] \u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u3001\u30e1\u30d5\u30e1\u30c3\u30c8\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3084\u9078\u6319\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u306a\u3069\u306e\u500b\u3005\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c11\u5e74\u6cd5\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u7de0\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 2008\u5e741\u6708\u3001\u30d8\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u9996\u76f8\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u30fb\u30b3\u30c3\u30db\u306f\u3001\u30d3\u30eb\u30c9\u65b0\u805e\u3068\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3067\u30d8\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u5dde\u9078\u6319\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f [23] \u300118\u6b73\u304b\u308921\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u306f\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059\u300d \u4e3b\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u6271\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306b\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306a\u5b9f\u884c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3059 \u300c\u3002 \u300cWiesbadener\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u300d\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d44\u5408\u306f\u300c\u8b66\u544a\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u902e\u6355\u300d\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u6700\u5927\u30da\u30ca\u30eb\u30c6\u30a3\u306e10\u5e74\u304b\u308915\u5e74\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u300118\u5e74\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6210\u4eba\u5211\u6cd5\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u9069\u7528\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5211\u4e8b\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u3088\u308a\u901f\u3044\u8981\u7d04\u3082\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [24] \u4e00\u65b9\u3001SPD\u306f\u3001\u8b66\u544a\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u902e\u6355\u304c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3001\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u306e\u52a0\u901f\u3068\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30d5\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u30011\u304b\u6708\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u304c\u8d77\u8a34\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6709\u7f6a\u5224\u6c7a\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [25] [26] \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\u30af\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30fb\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u306e\u8b70\u9577\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u300c\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3093\u3060\u3002 \u300c\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u3075\u308a\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\u540c\u3058\u9ad8\u7b49\u6291\u6b62\u529b\u306e\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u7f70\u306f\u5358\u306b\u9593\u9055\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u306f\u518d\u3073\u3001\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u653b\u6483\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5211\u6cd5\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u3092\u4e71\u7528\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u9078\u6319\u306e\u524d\u306b\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u6a5f\u5668\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u6df1\u523b\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3059\u300d \u3002\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u5354\u4f1a\u306f\u307e\u305f\u3001\u9078\u6319\u306e\u5c11\u3057\u524d\u306b\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7279\u8a31\u30ec\u30b7\u30d4\u304c\u8868\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u653f\u6cbb\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3002 [27] \u72af\u7f6a\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u30af\u30ea\u30b9\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u902e\u6355\u309270\uff05\u306e\u518d\u767a\u7387\u3067\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3002 [28] \u3053\u308c\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\u5354\u4f1a\u306f\u3001SPD\u307e\u305f\u306fCDU\u306e\u898f\u5247\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u304f\u3001\u9023\u90a6\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u5dde\u53f8\u6cd5\u884c\u653f\u304c\u3001\u8fc5\u901f\u306a\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u54e1\u306e\u640d\u5931\u3092\u65e2\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [29] [30] \u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u30fb\u30b3\u30c3\u30db\u5c40\u306e\u4efb\u671f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30d8\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u306f\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30c9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3092\u518d\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5916\u6765\u60a3\u8005\u306e\u63aa\u7f6e\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5dde\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3057\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u4e8b\u6cd5\u3092\u3059\u3067\u306b\u6539\u9769\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9023\u90a6\u56fd\u5bb6\u306f\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u4e8b\u554f\u984c\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306b\u3082\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [\u6700\u521d\u306b30] \u30d8\u30c3\u30bb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30ef\u30fc\u30b6\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f37\u76d7\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30d7\u3001\u66b4\u884c\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u66b4\u529b\u72af\u7f6a\u306f\u30011999\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba\u304c\u3088\u308a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u9023\u90a6\u5dde\u3088\u308a\u30821999\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [32] \u30ce\u30a4\u30b3\u30eb\u30f3\u306e\u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u306e\u5143\u5730\u533a\u5e02\u9577\u3067\u3042\u308b\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u306e\u30cf\u30a4\u30f3\u30c4\u30fb\u30d6\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u9069\u7528\u3068\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u5211\u6cd5\u306e\u5f37\u5316\u306b\u53cd\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [33] 2012\u5e74 [34] \u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e21.7\uff05\u306f14\u6b73\u304b\u308921\u6b73\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u82e5\u8005\u304c\u72af\u3057\u305f\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u306e44\uff05\u306f\u3001\u5916\u56fd\u8cc7\u7523\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u72af\u3055\u308c\u305f\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u7d043\u5206\u306e1\u306f\u3001\u4eba\u751f\u3068\u751f\u6d3b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u300118\u6b73\u304b\u308921\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u306f\u300114\u6b73\u304b\u308918\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u983b\u7e41\u306a\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u72af\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u7d0487\uff05\u3068\u72af\u7f6a\u306e79\uff05\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7591\u308f\u308c\u308b\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u7537\u6027\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5973\u6027\u5bb9\u7591\u8005\u306e\u5272\u5408\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u9053\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8eab\u4f53\u3068\u751f\u6d3b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u72af\u7f6a\u306e34\uff05\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba \u5dde\u5211\u4e8b\u8b66\u5bdf\u7f72North Rhine-Westphalia\u3001\u5150\u7ae5\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u4fdd\u8b77\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30ef\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08AJS\uff09\uff1a\u30ce\u30fc\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30f4\u30a7\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30a1\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u7b2c9\u7248\u30012003\u5e74 Beelmann\u3001A\u3002\uff06Raabe\u3001T\u3002\uff082007\uff09\u3002\u5c0f\u5150\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9752\u5e74\u306e\u89e3\u96e2\u7684\u884c\u52d5\uff1a\u75c7\u72b6\u3001\u767a\u9054\u3001\u4e88\u9632\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\u30b2\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b2\u30f3\uff1a\u30db\u30b0\u30ec\u30d5\u3002 ISBN 3-8017-2041-1 \u30af\u30e9\u30a6\u30b9\u30fb\u30dc\u30fc\u30a2\u30ba\u3002 Jost Reinecke\uff1a\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u975e\u884c\u3002\u7e26\u65ad\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u30df\u30e5\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\uff1a\u30ef\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30de\u30f3\u30012007\u5e74 Hans-Dieter Schwind\uff1aCriminology\u300118th Edition Heidelberg 2008\u3001ISBN 3-7832-0700-2 \u30de\u30a4\u30b1\u30eb\u30fb\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\uff1a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u7b2c3\u72482005\u3001ISBN 3-415-03513-1 \u30ef\u30a4\u30b6\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\uff1a\u82e5\u8005\u72af\u7f6a\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u304c\u8b70\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3001\u7b2c7\u7248\u30011997 \u30b9\u30b6\u30f3\u30cc\u30fb\u30b9\u30d4\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u30fc\uff1a\u30c7\u30ea\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b3\u30fc\u30d1\u30b9\u3002\u82e5\u3044\u79fb\u6c11\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7537\u3089\u3057\u3055\u3001\u4eba\u7a2e\u5dee\u5225\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u5316\u3002 M\u00fcnster2006\u3002ISBN3-89771-738-7; [35] \u30b9\u30b6\u30f3\u30cc\u30fb\u30b9\u30d4\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u30fc\u3068\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc [36] \u3002 In\uff1aTaz v\u3002 2007\u5e744\u670816\u65e5 Kirsten Heisig\uff1a \u5fcd\u8010\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\uff1a\u82e5\u3044\u66b4\u529b\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u3002 Herder\u3001Freiburg Im Breisgau\uff087\u6708\uff092010\u5e74\u3002ISBN978-3-451-30204-6\uff08 \u300c\u8fc5\u901f\u304b\u3064\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u884c\u52d5\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4fa1\u5024\u898f\u5236\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u66b4\u529b\u3068\u306e\u6226\u3044\u3092\u5931\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300d \uff09\u3002 OliverF\u00e4hnrich\uff1a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u3068\u8907\u6570\u306e\u90e8\u9580\u306e\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u3002 Dortmund\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u3078\u306e\u8ca2\u732e\u3001\u7b2c46\u5dfb\u3002Bochum\/Freiburg\uff1aProject Publisher2011\u3002ISBN978-3-89733-228-7 \u30c6\u30a3\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30fb\u30e2\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\uff1a \u82e5\u8005\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u3068\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002 u\u3002\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7406\u8ad6d\u3002\u72af\u7f6a \u3002 S.\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u30d5\u30eb\u30c8AM\u30e1\u30a4\u30f31970 Gerhard Spiess\uff1a\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a – \u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u30c9\u30e9\u30de\u5316\u306e\u9593\u3002\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u304a\u3088\u3073\u72af\u7f6a\u5b66\u7684\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c* PDF \u82f1\u8a9e Eward P. Mulvey\u3001Michael W. Arthur\u3001N\u3002DickonReppucci\u3001 \u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u975e\u884c\u306e\u4e88\u9632\u3068\u6cbb\u7642\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc \u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30011993\u5e74 \u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fbP\u30fb\u30de\u30eb\u30d9\u30a4\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30b1\u30eb\u30fbW\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30b5\u30fc\u3001N\u30fb\u30c7\u30a3\u30b3\u30f3\u30fb\u30ec\u30d7\u30c3\u30c1\u3001 \u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u975e\u884c\u306e\u4e88\u9632\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc \u3001The Prevention Researcher\u3001Volume 4\u3001Number 2\u30011997\u30011\u301c4\u30da\u30fc\u30b8 J.\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc\u30b7\u30fc\u30b2\u30eb\u3001 Infotrac\u3092\u5099\u3048\u305f\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u975e\u884c\uff1a\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u5b9f\u8df5\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b \u30012002\u5e74 \u56fd\u9023\u3001 \u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u975e\u884c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8abf\u67fb\u30ec\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8 \u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30b8\u30b0\u30e9\u30fc\u3001\u30ad\u30e3\u30e9\u30fb\u30bf\u30a6\u30b7\u30b0\u3001\u30ad\u30e3\u30b9\u30ea\u30f3\u30fb\u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u3001 \u5e7c\u5c11\u671f\u306e\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u975e\u884c\u306e\u6709\u671b\u306a\u4e88\u9632\u7b56 \u30011992\u5e748\u6708\u3001\u30b5\u30a4\u30b3\u30eb\u3001997\u301c1006\u30da\u30fc\u30b8 \u30de\u30eb\u30b3\u30e0W.\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3001 \u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30c8\u30ae\u30e3\u30f3\u30b0\uff1a\u305d\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u6709\u75c5\u7387\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb \u30011995\u5e74 \u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u30fbZimring\u3001 \u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u66b4\u529b \u30011998\u5e74 \u30c8\u30e0\u30fb\u30d8\u30a4\u30c7\u30f3\u3001 \u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30ba\uff1a\u30ae\u30e3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u66b4\u529b\u306e\u672a\u6765 \u30012004\u5e74 \u30b8\u30a7\u30fc\u30e0\u30ba\u30fb\u30ac\u30d0\u30ea\u30fc\u30ce\u3001 \u5931\u308f\u308c\u305f\u7537\u306e\u5b50\uff1a\u306a\u305c\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u606f\u5b50\u305f\u3061\u304c\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u304c\u5f7c\u3089\u3092\u6551\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b \u30011999\u5e74 \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30cf\u30d6\u30ca\u30fc\u3001 \u30c6\u30ad\u30b5\u30b9\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30b9\uff1a\u72af\u7f6a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u511f\u9084 \u30012005\u5e74 \u2191 Bernd Dollinger\u3001Michael Schabdach\uff1a \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a \u3001S\u3002114\u3001115\u3001Springer\u3001Wiesbaden 2013\u3001ISBN 978-3-531-17696-3 \u2191 Wiebke Steffen\uff1a \u30d0\u30a4\u30a8\u30eb\u30f3\u5dde\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\u3068\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u3002\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u8b66\u5bdf\u7ba1\u7406\u63aa\u7f6e \u30d0\u30a4\u30a8\u30eb\u30f3\u56fd\u5bb6\u5211\u4e8b\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u30df\u30e5\u30f3\u30d8\u30f31979\u3001pp\u300217ff\u3002 \u2191 Friedrich-Ebert-Foundation\uff08ed\u3002\uff09\uff1a \u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u306b\u306a\u308a\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u898b\u89e3 2009\u5e7411\u6708\u3001S\u30026\/7 \u2191 \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u80772012\u5e74\u3002\u30cf\u30f3\u30d6\u30eb\u30af\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u3068\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3002 \u8b66\u5bdf\u30cf\u30f3\u30d6\u30eb\u30af\u30012013\u5e744\u6708\u3001p\u30027 \u2191 Heribert Ostendorf\uff1a \u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u539f\u56e0 BPB\u300127\u30022010\u5e744\u6708 \u2191 Dagmar Huber\u3001Dieter Wagner\uff1a \u82e5\u8005\u306e\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u539f\u56e0 \uff08 \u8a18\u5ff5 2017\u5e7411\u67087\u65e5\u304b\u3089 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \uff09\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u767a\u9054\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u304b\u3089\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u82e5\u8005\u3068\u9038\u8131\uff1a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u30c4\u5927\u5b661997 \u2191 \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001u\u3002 a\u3002\uff1a \u7e26\u65ad\u7684\u8ffd\u8de1\u8abf\u67fb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u4e88\u5f8c\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30ea\u30b9\u30af \u3001Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\u30011992\u5e74\u5dfb\u3002\u30ea\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30d6\u30ec\u30a4u\u3002A\u3002\uff1a \u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7537\u6027\u306e\u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u65e9\u671f\u767a\u75c7\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b \u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u7cbe\u795e\u533b\u5b66\u306e\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \u30011994\u5e749\u6708\u3002\u30b8\u30a7\u30e9\u30eb\u30c9R.\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\uff1a \u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u79e9\u5e8f\u3042\u308b\u5909\u5316\uff1a\u30ad\u30e1\u30e9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7279\u6027 \u3001Journal of Clinical and Consulting Psychology\u3001\u30d0\u30f3\u30c962\u30011993 \u2191 tfm ter bogt\u3001l keijsers\u3001whj meeus\u3002\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u521d\u671f\u306e\u97f3\u697d\u306e\u597d\u307f\u3068\u8efd\u5fae\u306a\u975e\u884c\u3002\u5c0f\u5150\u79d1\u3002 doi\uff1a 10.1542\/PEDS.2012-0708 \u3002 \u2191 Wolfgang Heinz\uff1a\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u7d71\u8a08\u304a\u3088\u3073\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c\u3001p\u300270 \uff08PDF; 524 kb\uff09 \u2191 www.bka.de\u306ePDF \uff08 \u8a18\u5ff5 2012\u5e7412\u670825\u65e5\u304b\u3089 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \uff09\uff09 \u2191 \u9023\u90a6\u653f\u6cbb\u6559\u80b2\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30a6\u30a7\u30d6\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff1a\u300c\u5916\u56fd\u72af\u7f6a\u300d – \u7d71\u8a08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u73fe\u5b9f 2015\u5e7411\u670811\u65e5\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3002 \u2191 2010\u5e743\u67084\u65e5\u306etagesspiegel.de \u2191 \u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u308b\uff1a \u72af\u7f6a\u5bb6\u65cf\u304b\u3089\u5bb6\u307e\u3067\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\u305f\u3061\uff01 \u306e\uff1a \u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30b9\u3057\u307e\u3059 \u3002 \uff08 Focus.de [2018\u5e749\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9]\uff09\u3002 \u2191 \u30af\u30ea\u30b9\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30fb\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30d0\u30fc\u30b0\uff1a \u79fb\u884c\u3068\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u306e\u975e\u884c – \u795e\u8a71\u3068\u4eba\u9593\u95a2\u4fc2 \u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f32014\u3001S\u300212 \u2191 \u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u308b\uff1a \u79fb\u884c\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u82e5\u8005\u306f\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u72af\u7f6a\u3067\u3059 \u3002\u306e\uff1a \u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30b9\u3057\u307e\u3059 \u3002 \uff08 Focus.de [2018\u5e749\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9]\uff09\u3002 \u2191 \u30b5\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u30fb\u30d4\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\uff1a \u66b4\u529b\u3068\u504f\u898b \u3002\u306e\uff1a Westf\u00e4lischeNachrichten \u3002 \uff08 wn.de [2018\u5e749\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9]\uff09\u3002 \u2191 Tagesschau\uff1a\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u66b4\u529b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6 – \u300c\u3088\u308a\u53b3\u3057\u3044\u7f70\u306f\u4f55\u3082\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d \uff08tagesschau.de\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\uff09 \u2191 Haci-Halil Uslucan\uff1a \u82e5\u8005\u306e\u975e\u884c\u884c\u52d5\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5bb6\u65cf\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b BPB\u30012012\u5e7411\u67085\u65e5 \u2191 Kai Biermann\uff1a \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u306f\u5076\u7136\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093 Die Zeit\u30012008\u5e741\u670810\u65e5 \u2191 \u30b8\u30a7\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30fbD\u30fb\u30e2\u30ec\u30ce\u30d5\u3001\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30cf\u30e0\u30fb\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\uff1a \u79fb\u6c11\u306e\u540c\u5316\u3068\u72af\u7f6a\u3002\u30b7\u30ab\u30b4\u306e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u66b4\u529b\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3002 \u30e9\u30df\u30ed\u30fb\u30de\u30eb\u30c6\u30a3\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30b8\u30e5\u30cb\u30a2\u3001\u30a2\u30d9\u30eb\u30fb\u30d0\u30ec\u30f3\u30ba\u30a8\u30e9\u30fb\u30b8\u30e5\u30cb\u30a2\uff08hrsg\u3002\uff09\uff1a \u79fb\u6c11\u3068\u72af\u7f6a \u30012006\u3001S\u300236ff\u3002 \u2191 Schmidt-Rodermund\u3001E\u3002\uff06Silbereisen\u3001R.K\u3002 \uff082004\uff09\u3002\u300c\u79c1\u306f\u62f3\u3067\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u898f\u5236\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4f59\u5100\u306a\u304f\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u300d – \u767a\u9054\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u82e5\u8005\u306e\u9593\u306e\u975e\u884c\u3002 D. Oberwittler\uff06S\u3002Karstedt\uff08\u7de8\uff09\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001Cologne Journal of Sociology and Social Psychology\u306e\u7279\u5225\u53f7\u300143\/2003\u3001240-263\u3002 J\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u554f\u984c \u2191 \u82e5\u8005\u306e\u66b4\u529b\u306f\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f – \u82e5\u3044\u96e3\u6c11\u306f\u6ce8\u76ee\u306b\u5024\u3057\u307e\u3059 \u3001\u4e16\u754c\u30012017\u5e7411\u670821\u65e5 \u2191 http:\/\/www.bild.t-online.de\/bild\/news\/politik\/2007\/12\/28\/koch-roland\/interview-deutschland-faust @\u521d\u3081 @2 \u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\uff1adead link\/www.bild.t-online.de \uff08 \u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306f\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u691c\u7d22\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 Webarchiven \uff09\uff09 \u60c5\u5831\uff1a \u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u6b20\u9665\u3068\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6307\u793a\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30e1\u30e2\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002 \u3001Geo = 3361148.html \u2191 Tagesschau\uff1aCDU\u306f\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u3067\u9078\u6319\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059 \uff08tagesschau.de\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\uff09 \u2191 Tagesschau\uff1aSPD\u306f\u3001\u82e5\u3044\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u3092\u3088\u308a\u901f\u304f\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 \uff08 \u8a18\u5ff5 2009\u5e746\u670814\u65e5\u304b\u3089 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \uff09\uff09 \u2191 Spiegel Online\uff1a\u6599\u7406\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30eb\u30fc\u30c7\u30eb\u306eSPD\u30d1\u30c9\u30eb \u2191 Tagesschau\uff1a\u3088\u308a\u786c\u3044\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6279\u5224\u300c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3001\u4fe1\u3058\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u30dd\u30d4\u30e5\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u300d \uff08tagesschau.de\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\uff09 \u2191 Frontal21\uff1a\u9078\u6319\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u30e9\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8 \uff08 \u8a18\u5ff5 2008\u5e741\u670810\u65e5\u304b\u3089 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \uff09\uff09 \u2191 Richterbund\u306f\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7d1b\u4e89\u3067SPD\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u6b53\u8fce\u3057\u307e\u3059 \uff08 \u8a18\u5ff5 2008\u5e741\u670819\u65e5\u304b\u3089 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \uff09\uff09 \u2191 Richterbund\uff1a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u306f\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059 \uff08 \u8a18\u5ff5 2007\u5e7412\u670810\u65e5\u304b\u3089 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6 \uff09\uff09 \u2191 Spiegel Online\uff1aRichter\u306fKoch\u306e\u53f8\u6cd5\u306eold\u8fb1\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u3092\u5b88\u308b \u2191 S\u00fcddeutscheZeitung\uff1a\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u306f\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba\u3067\u3059 \u2191 \u30e6\u30eb\u30b2\u30f3\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30b3\u30c3\u30c8\uff1a Munmerer Beckmann-Talk to Youth Balue \u3002 \uff08 derwesten.de [2018\u5e749\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9]\uff09\u3002 \u2191 http\uff1a\/\/ www\u3002 \u2191 FSK\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059 \u2191 \u30bf\u30ba\uff1a\u300c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u8ab0\u3082\u300c\u540d\u8a89\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u306f\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093 (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/14514#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a – \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2"}}]}]