[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/15954#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki10\/archives\/15954","headline":"Pobedino\uff08Kaliningrad\u3001Krasnosnamensk\uff09-Wikipedia","name":"Pobedino\uff08Kaliningrad\u3001Krasnosnamensk\uff09-Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 \u6c7a\u6e08 \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce I. 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Schillehnen\uff08Schillfelde\uff09 ii\u3002 Inglauden\uff08Inglau\uff09 iii\u3002 strunzlaugken\uff08strunzhof\uff09 \u52dd\u5229 \u30d5\u30a7\u30c7\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7 \u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u5317\u897f\u90e8 \u9818\u57df Kaliningrad \u9818\u57df Krasnosnamensk  \u6700\u521d\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3057\u307e\u3059 1660\uff08Schillehnen\u3068Inglauden\uff09 \u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u540d\u524d I.Skai\u00dfgiren\uff081660\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\uff09\u3001 Schehnen\uff081728\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\uff09\u3001 Skaisgirren\uff08UM 1785\uff09\u3001 Schillehnen\uff081938\u5e74\u307e\u3067\uff09\u3001 Schillfelde\uff081938\u20131946\uff09        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x42\u3002 Inglauden\uff081938\u5e742\u56de\uff09 \u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\uff081938-1946\uff09        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4iii\u3002\u9f3b\uff08\u30ca\u30c3\u30cf1785\uff09\u3001 Strunzlaugken\uff081938\u5e74\u307e\u3067\uff09\u3001 Strunzhof\uff081938\u20131946\uff09 \u4eba\u53e3 534\u4eba\u306e\u4f4f\u6c11 \uff082010\u5e7410\u670814\u65e5\u73fe\u5728\uff09 [\u521d\u3081] \u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30be\u30fc\u30f3 UTC+2 \u96fb\u8a71\u4e8b\u524d\u9078\u629e \uff08+7\uff0940164 \u90f5\u4fbf\u756a\u53f7 238735 \u30ca\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8 39\u300191 \u30aa\u30ab\u30c8 27 218 000 038 \u5730\u7406\u4e0a\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e \u5ea7\u6a19 54\u00b0\u00a054\u2032\u00a0N, 22\u00b0\u00a043\u2032\u00a0O54.89194444444422.724166666667Koordinaten: 54\u00b0\u00a053\u2032\u00a031\u2033\u00a0N, 22\u00b0\u00a043\u2032\u00a027\u2033\u00a0O\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u897f\u90e8\u306e\u5834\u6240 Oblast Kaliningrad\u306e\u5834\u6240  \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce \uff08 \u30ed\u30b7\u30a2  \u52dd\u5229 \u3001 \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba \u30b7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 \u30011938\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74 \u30b7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7 \u3001 \u307e\u305f\uff1a Inlauden \u30011938\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74 \u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6 \u3001 \u3068\uff1a Strunzlaugken \u30011938\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74 strunzhof \u3001 \u30ea\u30c8\u30a2\u30cb\u30a2\u30f3  \u30b7\u30eb\u30ca\u30a4 \u3001 \u307e\u305f\uff1a \u82f1\u8a9e \u3068\uff1a Strunclaukis \uff09\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u30aa\u30d6\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u30fb\u30ab\u30ea\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u548c\u89e3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306e\u81ea\u5df1\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u968a\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u307e\u3059 Munizipalkreis Krasnosnamensk Rajon Krasnosnamensk\u3067\u3002\u524d\u306eStrunzlaugken\/Strunzhof\u306f\u653e\u68c4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30b7\u30e5\u30bf\u30c3\u30c8\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30ce\u30b9\u30ca\u30ca\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u5357\u677116\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 \uff08Las Dug\/Haselberg\uff09 \u304b\u3064\u3066\u306e\u5730\u533a\u306e\u753a\u30c9\u30d6\u30ed\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u5317\u677119\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb \uff08Pillkallen\/Schlo\u00dfberg\uff09 RegionalStrasse 27A-026\uff08Ex R511\uff09\u3002\u90fd\u5e02\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u571f\u5730\u7d4c\u8def\u304c\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u30ea\u30c8\u30a2\u30cb\u30a2\u5dde\u56fd\u5883\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u5206\u5c90\u3057\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c9\u30ae\u30df\u30b7\u30e5\u30b1\u30f3\uff081938\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74\uff1a\u30db\u30c3\u30db\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\uff1a\u30b3\u30a6\u30d1\u30b3\u30dc\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30a6\u30a3\u30b9\u30dc\u30ec\u30a4\u30a8\u30f3\uff081938\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74\uff1a\u30b0\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u30a1\u30fc\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\uff09\u306e\u653e\u68c4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u6240\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 1945\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u3001Schillehnen\uff08Schillfelde\uff09\u306f\u3001Pillkaller Kleinbahn\u306eKiister -Doristhal\u9244\u9053\u7dda\u306e\u99c5\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u904b\u55b6\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 Table of ContentsSchillehnen\/Schillfelde [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] heidlaugken\/\u30aa\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u8a9e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] strunzlaugken\/strunzhof [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Schillehnen\u5730\u533a\/Schillfelde\uff081874-1945\uff09 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Inglauden\/Inglau [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Pobedinski Selski Sowet\/Okrug 1947\u20132008 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30d7\u30ed\u30c6\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u5efa\u7269 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u6559\u533a [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Schillehnen\/Schillfelde [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ]   1927\u5e74\u30681936\u5e74\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u306eSchillehnen\u306e\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53 1660\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3057\u305f Skai\u00dfgirren \u521d\u3081\u3066\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [2] 1780\u5e74\u9803\u3001Schillehnen\u307e\u305f\u306fSkais Girren\u306f\u738b\u5ba4\u306e\u8fb2\u696d\u6751\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u6642\u3001\u98a8\u3001\u98df\u4e8b\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u5834\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [3] 1874\u5e74\u3001\u30b7\u30ec\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u306f\u3001\u30d4\u30eb\u30ab\u30ec\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5730\u533a\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [4] 2\u3064\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u3068\u9244\u9053\u99c5\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u6751\u306b\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u4e73\u88fd\u54c1\u3068\u88fd\u6750\u6240\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 1928\u5e74\u3001Strunzlaugken\u306e\u4e0d\u52d5\u7523\u5730\u533a\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u3068Rural Community Heidlaugken\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u304c\u3001Plicklaugken\u306e\u4f4f\u5b85\u5730\u3067Landgemeinde Schillehnen\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1938\u5e74\u3001\u30b7\u30ec\u30f3\u30cd\u30f3\u306f\u30b7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7\u3068\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 Strunzlaugken\u3001Heidlaugken\u3001Plicklaugken\u306e\u5730\u533a\u306f\u3001Strunzhof\u3001Dutch\u3001Plickfelde\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u540d\u524d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u30011945\u5e74\u306e\u5317\u6771\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u3068\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u9023\u90a6\u306b\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5e74 \u5c45\u4f4f\u8005 \u5099\u8003 1867\u5e74 [5] 496  1871\u5e74 [5] 481  1885 [6] 535  1905 [7] 612 52\u30ea\u30c8\u30a2\u30cb\u30a2\u8a9e – \u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0 1910\u5e74 [8] 635  1933\u5e74 [9] 884 \u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u3067 1939\u5e74 [\u5341] 899  heidlaugken\/\u30aa\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u8a9e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30d8\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30c3\u30b1\u30f3 \u3001 \u307e\u305f \u30db\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30fc \u547c\u3070\u308c\u305f\u30011780\u5e74\u9803\u306b\u738b\u5ba4\u306e\u8fb2\u696d\u6751\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002 [11] 19\u4e16\u7d00\u534a\u3070\u304b\u3089\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3001Plicklaugken\u306e\u4f4f\u5b85\u5730\u3082Heidlaugken\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f \uff08Plicklaucken\uff09 \u3001\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u30b7\u30e3\u30c8\u30a5\u30eb\u30eb\u30c9\u30eb\u30d5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30af\u30eb\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30c3\u30b1\u30f3\u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 [12\u756a\u76ee] 1874\u5e74\u3001\u30cf\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a6\u30c3\u30b1\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305fSchillehnen\u5730\u533a\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [4] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5e74 \u5c45\u4f4f\u8005 \u5099\u8003 1867\u5e74 [5] 45  1871\u5e74 [5] 44 Plicklaugken 15\u306e\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e 1885 [6] 53 Plicklaugken 17\u306e\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e 1905 [7] 49 37\u30ea\u30c8\u30a2\u30cb\u30a2\u8a9e – \u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u3001Plicklaugken 11\u306e\u5408\u8a08 1910\u5e74 [8] 46  strunzlaugken\/strunzhof [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Cologne Gut Strunzlaugken\u306f1778\u5e74\u306b\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [13] [14] 1874\u5e74\u3001Strunzlaugken Estate\u5730\u533a\u3082Schillhne\u5730\u533a\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [4] \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5e74 \u5c45\u4f4f\u8005 \u5099\u8003 1867\u5e74 [5] 25  1871\u5e74 [5] 17  1885 [6] 39  1905 [7] 41 \u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e6\u30646\u30ea\u30c8\u30a2\u30cb\u30a2\u8a9e – \u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0 1910\u5e74 [8] 40  1925\u5e74 [15] 43  Schillehnen\u5730\u533a\/Schillfelde\uff081874-1945\uff09 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] 1874\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74\u306e\u9593\u306b\u30011939\u5e74\u306b\u300c\u30b7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7\u5730\u533a\u300d\u3068\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b7\u30ec\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u3002\u5f53\u521d\u3001\u5f7c\u306b\u306f6\u3064\u306e\u8fb2\u6751\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u3068\u90b8\u5b85\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u306f5\u3064\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [4] \u540d\u524d \u540d\u524d\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u307e\u3059 1938\u5e74\u304b\u3089 \u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u540d\u524d 1945\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d \u5099\u8003 heidlaugken \u30aa\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u306e  1928\u5e74\u3001Schillehnen\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f Inlauden \u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6 \uff08\u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce\uff09  Pawidlaugken Bruchdorf\uff08ostpr\u3002\uff09   \u30b7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 \u30b7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7 \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce  \u7406\u89e3  \u30c1\u30e7\u30eb\u30df\u30fc\u30ce  Strunzlaugken strunzhof \uff08\u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce\uff09 1928\u5e74\u306bSchillehnen\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u30ac\u30c3\u30c4\u5730\u533a \uff08\u30d3\u30c3\u30b0\uff09\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b2\u30eb \u6fe1\u308c\u305f\u7267\u8349\u5730   1900\u5e74\u9803\u3001\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3001\u30a6\u30a3\u30b9\u30dc\u30ec\u30a4\u30a8\u30cd\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u5730\u533a\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30d6\u30ec\u30c3\u30c4\u30a7\u30f3\u306e\u8fb2\u6751\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5730\u533a\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002 [4] [7] 1945\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u3001\u30b7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7\u5730\u533a\u306f\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff1a\u30d6\u30eb\u30fc\u30b7\u30e5\u30c9\u30eb\u30d5\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30af\u30a6\u30a3\u30fc\u30bc\u30f3\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u3001\u30b7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30c7\u3001\u30b9\u30ca\u30c3\u30da\u30f3\u3002 Inglauden\/Inglau [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ]  1936\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30c7\u30f3\u306e\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53 Schillehn\u306e\u5357\u306b\u3042\u308bInglauden\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u30821660\u5e74\u306b\u65e5\u4ed8\u304c\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [16] 1780\u5e74\u9803\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f\u738b\u7acb\u8fb2\u696d\u6751\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [17] 1874\u5e74\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30c7\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u306f\u30b9\u30ad\u30ec\u30cd\u30f3\u5730\u533a\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [4] Inlauden\u306f1938\u5e74\u306bInlau\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1945\u5e74\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3082\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u9023\u90a6\u306b\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5e74 \u5c45\u4f4f\u8005 \u5099\u8003 1867\u5e74 [5] 203  1871\u5e74 [5] 181  1885 [6] 187  1905 [7] 117 44\u30ea\u30c8\u30a2\u30cb\u30a2\u8a9e – \u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0 1910\u5e74 [8] 135  1933\u5e74 [9] 122  1939\u5e74 [\u5341] 140  \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] 1947\u5e74\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306eSchillehnen\u306f\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u306ePobeda\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f \u52dd\u5229 \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce\u3068\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u540c\u6642\u306b\u30e9\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30ce\u30b9\u30ca\u30ca\u30de\u30f3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u306e\u6751\u306e\u5e2d\u3068\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [18] 1976\u5e74\u306eKaliningrad Oblast\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u3067\u306f\u3001Inglauden\/Inglau\u306e\u65e7\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u753a\u3068\uff08\u518d\u3073\uff09Strunzlaugken\/Strunzhof\u304c\u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce\u3067\u6570\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [19] \u4ee5\u524d\u306eStrunzlaugken\/Strunzhof\u304c\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 2008\u5e74\u304b\u30892015\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30fc\u30ce\u306f2016\u5e74\u304b\u30892021\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001Krasnosnamensk\u5e02\u533a\u307e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u6765\u3001Dobrowolskoje Selskoje Posselsije Rural Community\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u6765Munizipialkreis Krasnosnamensk\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u4eba\u53e3 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Pobedinski Selski Sowet\/Okrug 1947\u20132008 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u6751\u306e\u30bd\u30f4\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8 Pobedinski Selski Sowet \uff08Ru\u3002WinterVillage Council\uff09Wurde Im Juni 1947 Eingerichtet\u3002 [18] 1959\u5e74\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ed\u30fc\u306f\u30bd\u30a6\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u52a0\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u9023\u90a6\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u5f8c\u3001\u884c\u653f\u90e8\u968a\u306f\u6751\u306e\u5730\u533a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f Pobedinski Selski Okrug \uff08ru\u3002 2008\u5e74\u3001\u6751\u306e\u5730\u533a\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u571f\u5730\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3Dobrowolskoje Selskoje Posselenije\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u5730\u540d 1947\/50\u307e\u3067\u540d\u524d \u5099\u8003 Beregowoje\uff08\u6cbf\u5cb8\uff09 Novi Floors\u3001 1928\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u30d6\u30ec\u30a4\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u300d \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011975\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  \u30d9\u30ec\u30b9\u30c8\u30a6\u30a3\u30a8\uff08\u30d0\u30fc\u30c1\uff09 Budup\u00f6nen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u201eSandh\u00f6he ” \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6751\u30b9\u30a6\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f1988\u5e74\u3088\u308a\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Chalturino\uff08Halteino\uff09 \uff1f \u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u300c\u30ca\u30b9\u30da\u30cd\u30f3\u300d\u306f\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u540d\u524d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff08\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u30a2\u30eb\u30d6\u30ec\u30d2\u30c8\u30fb\u30ca\u30a6\u30b8\u30cd\u30f3\/\u30a2\u30eb\u30d6\u30ec\u30d2\u30c4\u30f4\u30a1\u30eb\u30c7\uff1f\uff09\u3002 1975\u5e74\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f\u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce\u304b\u30895\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f1988\u5e74\u3088\u308a\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  \u30c1\u30e7\u30eb\u30df\u30fc\u30ce\uff08\u30db\u30ea\u30ce\uff09 \u7406\u89e3 \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011988\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  fjodorowka\uff08fedorovka\uff09 Gro\u00dfWaruponen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u30b0\u30ed\u30b9\u30fb\u30ea\u30f3\u30c7\u30f3\u30db\u30d5\u300d \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011975\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  grusdewo\uff08grozdovo\uff09 Weszkallen\/Weschkallen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300cForsthusen\u300d \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6751\u30b9\u30a6\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f1975\u5e74\u3088\u308a\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  kowpakowo\uff08cap\uff09 eydgimmheken\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300cHochfeld\u300d \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011988\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  \u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff08\u8cdb\u6210\uff09 Schirwindt \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011978\u5e74\u306b\u5730\u5143\u306e\u767b\u9332\u7c3f\u304b\u3089\u524a\u9664\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1997\u5e74\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\uff08\u518d\u3073\uff09\u30c9\u30d6\u30ed\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30d3\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u5730\u533a\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Leskowo\uff08Leskovo\uff09 \u30e9\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u30f3\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u30cf\u30fc\u30b2\u30f3\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u300d \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6751\u30b9\u30a6\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  liwny\uff08livny\uff09 wisboreienen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u56fd\u5883\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u300d; uszrawen\/uschdrawen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300cBeutnerwalde\u300d;\u30b7\u30a8\u30e2\u30c3\u30b1\u30f3\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u30d2\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u30ba\u300d\u3068\u6c7a\u307e\u308a\u6587\u53e5 [23] \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011988\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Mitschurino\uff08Michurino\uff09 \u30e9\u30b9\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30a8\u30ec\u30eb\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300cSommerswalde\u300d\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073Augstutschen [fh\u3002]\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300cHagenflie\u00df[fh\u3002]\u300d [24] \u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u6751\u306e\u5e2d\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002  \u30ca\u30c1\u30e2\u30a6\u30a9\uff08\u30ca\u30ad\u30e2\u30f4\u30a9\uff09 \u30d0\u30fc\u30ba\u30bc\u30f3\/\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u30b7\u30a7\u30f3\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u30d0\u30eb\u30b7\u30a7\u30f3\u300d \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011975\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Nowopawlowka\uff08novovlovka\uff09 \u30c7\u30e5\u30c7\u30f3\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u201e Dudenfelde ” \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011988\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Ostrogoschskoje\uff08Ostrogozhskoye\uff09 uszb\u00f6rdszen\/uschb\u00f6rdschen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u201e Karpfenwinkel ” \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6751\u30b9\u30a6\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  owraschkino\uff08\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\uff09 Budup\u00f6nen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u201e Moosbach ” \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011975\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Paporotnoje\uff08\u30b7\u30c0\uff09 Plonsz\u00f6wen\u3001 1936\u20131945\uff1a \u300cWaldhufen\u300d\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5d50 [25] \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6751\u30b9\u30a6\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  \u30dd\u30d9\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30ce \uff08\u52dd\u5229\uff09 Schillehnen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u201e Schillfelde ” \u7ba1\u7406\u5e2d  \u30e9\u30b7\u30fc\u30ce\uff08\u30e9\u30b8\u30fc\u30ce\uff09 \u30c9\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30eb \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30011975\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  Rossoschanskoje\uff08Rossshanskoye\uff09 \u30e9\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30c9\u30ea\u30f3\u30c7\u30f3 [26] \u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30eb\u30d5\u30a7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6751\u30b9\u30a6\u30b8\u30a7\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f1975\u5e74\u3088\u308a\u524d\u306b\u30aa\u30b9\u30c8\u30ed\u30b4\u30b7\u30e5\u30b9\u30b3\u30b8\u30a7\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  \u30b7\u30e3\u30ed\u30a6\u30a9\uff08\u30b6\u30ed\u30dc\uff09 szardehlen\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u300c\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30c7\u30f3\u300d\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b1\u30f3\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a \u201e Martingen ” [27] \u5834\u6240\u306f1947\u5e74\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  sredneretschje \u304f\u305d\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u9699\u9593\/\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u3001\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u3001 1938\u20131945\uff1a 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\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Schillehner\u306e\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u6559\u4f1a\u306f\u30011794\u5e74\u304b\u30891796\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [28] \u305d\u308c\u306f\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u306a\u534a\u5206\u306b\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u6559\u4f1a\u3067\u3057\u305f [29] 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Oblast Kaliningrad\u3002\uff09  \u30d0\u30f3\u30c91 \u3001\u88684\uff08\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u9023\u90a6\u306e\u5dde\u7d71\u8a08\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u9023\u90a6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306e\u9818\u571f\u81d3\u5668\u30aa\u30d6\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u30ab\u30ea\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30c9\u306e\u30a6\u30a7\u30d6\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\uff09  \u2191  Dietrich Lange\u3001\u5730\u7406\u7684\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u30ec\u30b8\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30a4\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\uff082005\uff09\uff1aSchillfelde  \u2191  \u30e8\u30cf\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u30fb\u30b4\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d9\u30c3\u30af\uff1a \u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u738b\u56fd\u306evolid\u5730\u5f62 \u3002\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8I\u3001K\u00f6nigsberg\/Leipzig 1785\u3001 \u30c8\u30dd\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u306eVOM Lithauli Cammer-Department\u3001S\u3002141\u306eVolcene\u3002  \u2191 a b c d \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 f  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Cammer-Department\u3001S\u300252\u3002  \u2191  \u30e8\u30cf\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u30fb\u30b4\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d9\u30c3\u30af\uff1a \u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u738b\u56fd\u306evolid\u5730\u5f62 \u3002\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8I\u3001K\u00f6nigsberg\/Leipzig 1785\u3001 Volceneege Topography Vom Litthauli Cammer-Department\u3001S\u3002121\u3002  \u2191  Dietrich Lange\u3001\u5730\u7406\u7684\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u30ec\u30b8\u30b9\u30bf\u30fcEast Prussia\uff082005\uff09\uff1aStrunzhof  \u2191  \u30e8\u30cf\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u30fb\u30b4\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d9\u30c3\u30af\uff1a \u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u738b\u56fd\u306evolid\u5730\u5f62 \u3002\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8I\u3001K\u00f6nigsberg\/Leipzig 1785\u3001 Topgraphy Vom Lithauli Cammer-Department\u306eVolcene\u3001P\u3002159\u3002  \u2191  Prussian Statistical State Office\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u3001\u7b2c67\u5dfb\u30011927\u5e74  \u2191  Dietrich Lange\u3001\u5730\u7406\u7684\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u30ec\u30b8\u30b9\u30bf\u30fcEast Prussia\uff082005\uff09\uff1aInglau  \u2191  \u30e8\u30cf\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u30fb\u30b4\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d9\u30c3\u30af\uff1a \u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u738b\u56fd\u306evolid\u5730\u5f62 \u3002\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8I\u3001K\u00f6nigsberg\/Leipzig 1785\u3001 voltergonaphy vom litenschn cammer camer\u3001slemmer “56\u3002  \u2191 a b  1947\u5e746\u670817\u65e5\u4ed8\u306eRSFSR\u306e\u6700\u9ad8\u8a55\u8b70\u4f1a\u306e\u5927\u7d71\u9818\u306eDurch den\u4ee4\u300cKaliningrad\u5730\u57df\u306e\u8fb2\u6751\u8a55\u8b70\u4f1a\u3001\u90fd\u5e02\u3001\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff08Erlass desPr\u00e4sidiumsortersten sowjets der rsfsr 1947\uff1a \u3001st\u00e4dtenund arbeitersiedlungen in der oblast kaliningrad\uff09  \u2191  Kaliningrad\u5730\u57df\u306e\u96c6\u843d\uff1a\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u53c2\u7167\u3002 \/ ed\u3002 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