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1914\u5e745\u67086\u65e5\u306e\u30e9\u30f3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u5f7c\u306f1914\u5e74\u304b\u30891918\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u3067\u7b2c1\u56de\u30ac\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30e9\u30cd\u30f3\u9023\u968a\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u6700\u8fd1\u3067\u306f\u4fdd\u8b77\u533a\u306e\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u30de\u30a4\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u304c1915\u5e74\u306e\u6771\u90e8\u6226\u7dda\u3067\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u98db\u884c\u306e\u30aa\u30d6\u30b6\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30a8\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u30fb\u30bf\u30a6\u30d6\u306f\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u53bb\u308a\u306b\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u5e30\u9084\u884c\u9032\u3067\u3001W\u00f6lfing\u306f\u6355\u865c\u306b\u6355\u3089\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30a6\u30e9\u30eb\u5357\u90e8\u306e\u8fd1\u304f\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u3067\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u5c06\u6821\u306f\u300c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u751f\u6d3b\u300d\u3092\u7387\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [2]        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u9244\u306e\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u3092\u6388\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u305fW\u00f6lfing\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30b9\u30af\u30ef\u306e\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8ecd\u6355\u865c\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6700\u9ad8\u306e\u9678\u8ecd\u7ba1\u7406\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f10\u6708\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\u30011918\u5e74\u306b\u5916\u56fd\u63f4\u52a9\u306e\u5730\u4f4d\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u8005\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u899a\u66f8\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u30dc\u30eb\u30b7\u30a7\u30d3\u30ad\u653f\u6a29\u306e\u767a\u5c55\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u3001\u897f\u5074\u8af8\u56fd\u304c\u4ecb\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u63a8\u5968\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30e9\u30c8\u30d3\u30a2\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u306e\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u5c40\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u306f\u3001\u899a\u66f8\u3092\u9023\u90a6\u5916\u52d9\u7701\u306e\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u4eba\u306b\u8ee2\u9001\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [3] \u5f8c\u306eReichstag\u8b70\u54e1\u306eOtto Schmidt-Hannover\u306e\u4f1d\u8a18\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u306fBrest-Litowsk\u306e\u5e73\u548c\u6761\u7d04\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u00bb\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4e0d\u5229\u306a\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306f\u5225\u306e\u6587\u66f8\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9023\u90a6\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\u8ecd\u4e8b\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300cReg.rat a\u3002 D. WilhelmW\u00f6lfing\u3001Moscow\u306eOHL\u652f\u5e97\u306eZt\u3002Rittmeister\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u300d \u30e2\u30b9\u30af\u30ef1918  \uff08\u6355\u865c\u3068\u30e2\u30b9\u30af\u30ef\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u306e\u7d4c\u9a13 – \u539f\u7a3f\uff09 \u30011955\u5e7410\u6708\u3002\u00ab [4] \u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5dde\u306b\u4efb\u547d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u653f\u5e9c\u8a55\u8b70\u4f1a\u306f\u30011919\u5e74\u306b\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u306e\u6709\u5229\u306a\u9000\u8077\u306e\u7533\u3057\u51fa\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1942\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u306f1942\u5e74\u304b\u30891945\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u30a6\u30a7\u30fc\u30eb\u30de\u30cf\u30c8\u306e\u7a7a\u8ecd\u306e\u5c02\u653b\u3092\u52d9\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1943\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5\u304b\u3089\u3001Combat Squadrons 1\u306eIV\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u306f1944\u5e742\u67089\u65e5\u306b\u3053\u306e\u98db\u884c\u968a\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30ba\u30f39\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u30011944\u5e745\u67088\u65e5\u306b\u30ab\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u306e\u8ecd\u968a\u306b\u52e4\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [5]        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u8ecd\u56e3\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u3068\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30d7\u30b7\u30fc\u30bb\u30fc\u30e9\u30fc [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] W\u00f6lfling\u306f\u30011921\u5e74\u306b\u30a8\u30bb\u30eb\u30d1\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u3068\u7d50\u5a5a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u5973\u3068\u5f7c\u5973\u306e\u521d\u671f\u306e\u672a\u4ea1\u4eba\u306e\u59b9\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u30ef\u30f3\u30bc\u30fc\u3067\u822a\u6d77\u3057\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u59bb\u306b\u3061\u306a\u3093\u3067\u5f7c\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u30dc\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u547c\u3093\u3060 ettsi \u3002\u71b1\u72c2\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u5a5a\u5f0f\u306e\u8239\u4e57\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f7c\u306f1931\u5e74\u306b20 m\u306e\u30b1\u30c3\u30c1\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f \u30b5\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf \u3002 [6]  Ettsi IV \u30ad\u30fc\u30eb\u7d4c\u7531\u3067\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u3067\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30ca\u30fc\u30e8\u30c3\u30c8\u30af\u30e9\u30d6\u3067\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8ecd\u56e3\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u304c\u822a\u6d77\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f Ettsi IV 1921\u5e74\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d9\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u4eba\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u4e0b \u65e7\u8ecd\u56e3\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c4\u5354\u4f1a \uff08WVAC\uff09\u3002\u6b7b\u306c Ettsi IV \u30ce\u30eb\u30a6\u30a7\u30fc\u3092\u542b\u3080\u591a\u6570\u306e\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u65c5\u884c\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3046\u9014\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f1929\u5e74\u306b\u30d7\u30ea\u30de\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u30b5\u30f3\u30bf\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u307e\u3067\u306e\u30ec\u30ac\u30c3\u30bf\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30aa\u30aa\u30ab\u30df\u3084\u4ed6\u306e\u8ecd\u56e3\u306e\u5b66\u751f\uff08\u30d0\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c3\u30c4\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30eb\u30fb\u30bb\u30f3\u30d1\u30fc\u3001\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u8ecd\u56e3\u30f4\u30a1\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30a2\u3001\u30cf\u30f3\u30b9\u30fb\u30cf\u30a4\u30f3\u30c4\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30d5\u30a1\u30cb\uff08\u8ecd\u56e3\u30ec\u30ce\u30fb\u30b2\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30a1\u30ea\u30a2\u30fb\u30df\u30e5\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\uff09\u3001\u30cf\u30f3\u30b9\u30fb\u30ab\u30c7\u30eb\u30d0\u30c3\u30cf\u3001\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30fb\u30c7\u30eb\u30fb\u30a4\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u3001\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u30fb\u30ec\u30a6\u30b9\u3001\u30d4\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30fb\u30b2\u30d0\u30a6\u30a2\u30fc\uff09 [2] \u3001\u5546\u4eba\u6d77\u8ecd\u306e\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u5f79\u54e1\u3001\u8239\u54e1\u3001\u6599\u7406\u4eba\u304c\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f Ettsi IV \u30d5\u30a3\u30cb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b11\u96bb\u306e\u8239\u306e7\u756a\u76ee\u3002\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u8239\u54e1\u306f\u3001\u30d3\u30b9\u30ab\u30e4\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u7d4c\u9a13\u304c\u5897\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [2] 1914\u5e74\u304b\u30891923\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306e\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u6bce\u5e74\u590f\u306b\u822a\u6d77\u3059\u308b\u4e88\u7d04\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u4ef2\u9593\u306e\u8239\u54e1\u30cf\u30f3\u30b9\u30fb\u30ab\u30c7\u30eb\u30d0\u30c3\u30cf\u3001\u30cf\u30f3\u30b9\u30fb\u30cf\u30a4\u30f3\u30c4\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30d5\u30a1\u30cb\u3001\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u6771\u304b\u3089\u8239\u306b\u58f2\u5374\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1936\u5e74\u306b\u30ec\u30ac\u30c3\u30bf\u8239\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 9\u96bb\u306e\u6700\u3082\u53e4\u3044\u8239\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u30d0\u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30c0\u30fb\u30ab\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30d8\u30a4\u30d6\u30f3\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u8239\u306e\u5bb6\u306b\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b9\u30ad\u30c3\u30d1\u30fcW\u00f6lfing\u3068Navigators Volz\u3068Semper [7] \u6975\u7aef\u306a\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 [8] \u4ed6\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30e8\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\u3092\u6b69\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u9593\u3001\u30bb\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 Ettsi IV \u30b9\u30b3\u30c3\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5317\u306e\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u8239\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30da\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u901a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u5f7c\u5973\u306fdoldrum\u306b\u5165\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u6e7e\u306e\u5f8c\u534a\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u5317\u6771\u306e\u98a8\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30cb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002 Cuxhaven\u3067\u30d5\u30a3\u30cb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f28\u65e5\u9593\u306817\u6642\u9593\u3092\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u30eb\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u52dd\u5229\u306f \u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30fb\u30d6\u30ec\u30fc\u30e1\u30f3 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