[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki11\/archives\/19148#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki11\/archives\/19148","headline":"Rauheit  – \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2","name":"Rauheit  – \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2","description":"before-content-x4 \u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u8868\u9762\u7c97\u3055\u306e\u30b7\u30f3\u30dc\u30eb ISO 1302 \/95 \u7c97\u3055 \uff08\u307e\u305f \u7c97\u3055 \u3001\u6642\u4ee3\u9045\u308c \u7c97\u3055 \uff09\u8868\u9762\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8868\u9762\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u306e\u4e0d\u5747\u4e00\u6027\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7c97\u3055\u306e\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u7279\u6027\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001\u7814\u78e8\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u7814\u524a\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3001\u30db\u30f3\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30d6\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30c9\u30d6\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u3001\u6bdb\u306e\u7206\u7834\u3001\u30a8\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u8003\u616e\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8150\u98df\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 after-content-x4 \u7528\u8a9e \u7c97\u3055 \u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001DIN 4760\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6280\u8853\u8868\u9762\u306e\u6280\u8853\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u8868\u9762\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b3\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u6280\u8853\u8868\u9762\u306e3\u756a\u76ee\u306e3\u6b21\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u504f\u5dee\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 after-content-x4 \u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30c9\u3084\u8996\u8a8d\u6027\u306a\u3069\u3067\u7279\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306f\u30013\u3064\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u624b\u52d5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u3001rugotest\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306fGPS\u6a19\u6e96\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 \u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u304a\u8336\u306e\u5207\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059","datePublished":"2020-07-26","dateModified":"2020-07-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki11\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki11\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ea\/Disambig-dark.svg\/25px-Disambig-dark.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ea\/Disambig-dark.svg\/25px-Disambig-dark.svg.png","height":"19","width":"25"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki11\/archives\/19148","wordCount":3468,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4 \u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u8868\u9762\u7c97\u3055\u306e\u30b7\u30f3\u30dc\u30eb ISO 1302 \/95  \u7c97\u3055 \uff08\u307e\u305f \u7c97\u3055 \u3001\u6642\u4ee3\u9045\u308c \u7c97\u3055 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[]).push({});after-content-x4\u7528\u8a9e \u7c97\u3055 \u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001DIN 4760\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6280\u8853\u8868\u9762\u306e\u6280\u8853\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u8868\u9762\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b3\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u6280\u8853\u8868\u9762\u306e3\u756a\u76ee\u306e3\u6b21\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u504f\u5dee\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30c9\u3084\u8996\u8a8d\u6027\u306a\u3069\u3067\u7279\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306f\u30013\u3064\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 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\u5149\u5b66\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3068\u8868\u9762\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u306f\u3001\u591a\u6570\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u9078\u629e\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5171\u7126\u70b9\u9855\u5fae\u93e1\u3001\u30b3\u30ce\u30b9\u30b3\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30db\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30b9\u30d0\u30ea\u30a8\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u767d\u3063\u307d\u3044\u5185\u90e8\u30d5\u30a7\u30ed\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30013\u3064\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306f\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\uff08\u00b5m\uff09\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002  \u4e2d\u592e\u306b \u3001\u30b7\u30f3\u30dc\u30eb\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 r a{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {a}}} \u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u70b9\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7dda\u306b\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7dda\u306f\u3001\u53c2\u7167\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u5185\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7dda\u306b\u5e73\u884c\u306a\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u504f\u5dee\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u304c\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u5206\u6563\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e2d\u592e\u5024\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7dda\u304b\u3089\u306e\u504f\u5dee\u306e\u7b97\u8853\u5e73\u5747\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 2\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4r a= \u521d\u3081 MN\u2211 m = \u521d\u3081 m \u2211 n = \u521d\u3081 n | \u3068 (xm,yn) –  \u27e8z\u27e9| {displaystyle r_ {mathrm {a}} = {frac {1} {m\u3001n}}\u3001sum _ {m = 1}^{m} sum _ {n = 1}^{n} leftvert zleft\uff08x_ {m}\u3001y_ {n} right zrightlangre zrightlangle zrightlangre \u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306f\u901a\u308a\u629c\u3051\u307e\u3059 \u27e8 \u3068 \u27e9 = \u521d\u3081 MN\u2211 m = \u521d\u3081 m \u2211 n = \u521d\u3081 n \u3068 \uff08 xm\u3001 yn\uff09\uff09 {displaystyle\u5de6\u4e0bzrightrangle = {frac {1} {m\u3001n}} sum _ {m = 1}^{m} sum _ {n = 1}^{n} zleft\uff08x_ {m}\u3001y_ {n} right\uff09} \u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5e73\u5747\u7c97\u3055\uff08\u5bf8\u6cd5\u5185\uff09\u306f\u3001\u9577\u65b9\u5f62\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3084\u3084\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u540c\u3058\u9577\u3055\u3068\u3001\u53c2\u7167\u91cf\u3068\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u9593\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3068\u540c\u3058\u9818\u57df\u3067\u3059\u3002 SO -Called \u56db\u89d2 \uff08\u82f1\u8a9e rms-roughness \u307e\u305f \u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u5e73\u57472\u5c64\u306e\u7c97\u3055 \uff1amittelquadrat\u306e\u6839\uff09\u306f\u3001\u504f\u5dee\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u3001\u300c\u56db\u89d2\u3044\u30a8\u30fc\u30b8\u30a7\u30f3\u30c8\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 r Q = 1MN\u2211m=1M\u2211n=1N(z(xm,yn)\u2212\u27e8z\u27e9)2{displaystyle r_ {q} = {sqrt {{frac {1} {m\u3001n}}\u3001sum _ {m = 1}^{m} sum _ {n = 1}^{n} SO -Called \u4f1a\u793eRauthyfees \uff08\u307e\u305f10\u70b9\u9ad8\u3055\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u30b7\u30f3\u30dc\u30eb\u3067\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 r z{displaystyle r_ {z}} \uff08Din en Iso 4287\uff1a1984\u307e\u3067\uff09\u306f\u3001ISO\u7279\u6027\u3068\u3057\u3066\u524a\u9664\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff08Din en Iso 4287\uff1a1997\u304b\u3089\uff09\u3002 [\u521d\u3081] \u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7c97\u3055\u306e\u6df1\u3055\u306f\u3001\u53e4\u3044\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51fa\u529b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d4\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u8868\u9762\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306f\u30017\u3064\u306e\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30df\u30c9\u30eb5\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306f\u540c\u3058\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308bGauss\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5165\u529b\u3068\u6f0f\u308c\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6298\u308a\u305f\u305f\u3080\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308bGauss\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u306f\u534a\u5206\u306e\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e5\u3064\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5dee\u306f\u6700\u5927\u5024\u3068\u6700\u5c0f\u5024\u304b\u3089\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306f\u3001\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f5\u3064\u306e\u500b\u3005\u306e\u7c97\u3044\u6df1\u3055\u304b\u3089\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u5024\u306f\u3001\u7c97\u3044\u6df1\u3055\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 r t{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {t}}} \u307e\u305f\u3002 r max{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {max}}} \u3002 r t{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {t}}} \u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5024\u3068\u6700\u5c0f\u5024\u3067\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9055\u3044\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff08 r p –  r v{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {p}} -r_ {mathrm {v}}}}} \uff09\u7dcf\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306f5\u3064\u306e\u500b\u5225\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 r max{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {max}}} 5\u3064\u306e\u500b\u3005\u306e\u7c97\u3044\u6df1\u3055\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u5927\u3067\u3059\u3002 GPS\u6a19\u6e96\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u661f\u5ea7\u3082\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30a8\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001ISO 25178\u3067\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u9593\uff082009\u5e74\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\uff09\u3001\u7c97\u3055\u5909\u6570\u3092\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5149\u5b66\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u30b7\u30f3\u30dc\u30eb\u304c\u4ed8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 s {displaystyleS} \u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5024\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3002 B. s a {displaystyle s_ {a}} \u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u5236\u9650\u8868\u9762\u306e\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u7b97\u8853\u9ad8\u3055\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3002  \u7570\u306a\u308b\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055 \u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 \u56f3\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u7c97\u3055\u3068\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u91cf\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u504f\u5dee\u306b\u306e\u307f\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30a8\u30ea\u30a2\u4e0a\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u5024\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u306f\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5199\u771fA\u3068C\u306b\u306f\u4e2d\u578b\u306e\u5c0a\u53b3\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 r a= 2 {displaystyle r_ {mathrm {a}} = 2} \u3068 r Q = 2 {displaystyle r_ {q} = 2} \u3001\u753b\u50cfB\u306e\u5024\u3082\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 r a= \u521d\u3081 {displaystyle r_ {mathrm {a}} = 1} \u3068 r Q = \u521d\u3081 {displaystyle r_ {q} = 1} \u3001Bild d\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082 r a= \u521d\u3081 \u3001 5 {displaystyle r_ {mathrm {a}} = 1 {\u3001} 5} \u3068 r Q = 3 \u2248 \u521d\u3081 \u3001 \u4e03\u5341\u4e09 {displaystyle r_ {q} = {sqrt {3}} compx 1 {\u3001} 73} \u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6a5f\u68b0\u5de5\u5b66\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308bGPS\u6a19\u6e96\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u30bd\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8\u66f2\u7dda\u3068\u632f\u5e45\u5bc6\u5ea6\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3001\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30eb\u3068\u7c97\u3055\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u8a00\u53ca\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d4\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306f\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u54c1\u8cea\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u4f55\u304b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30b7\u30e3\u30d5\u30c8\u306f\u30de\u30b7\u30f3\u306e\u54c1\u8cea\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3067\u7c97\u3055\u306e\u8981\u4ef6\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u554f\u984c\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u554f\u984c\u306f\u7c97\u3055\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u300c\u9664\u5916\u300d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 GPS\u6a19\u6e96\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30ed\u30c3\u30c9\u5024\u3092\u6ce2\u72b6\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9055\u3044\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u30aa\u30d5\u983b\u5ea6\u306e\u307f\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6ce2\u72b6\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u982d\u8f9e\u300cW\u300d\u3001\u300cR\u300d\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u304c\u4ed8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 r a{displaystyle r_ {mathrm {a}}} \u3068 r Q {displaystyle r_ {q}} \u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30d0\u30f3\u30d7\u306e\u983b\u5ea6\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u58f0\u660e\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306b\u81e8\u754c\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u6ce2\u9577\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u300cP\u300d\u3001\u300cR\u300d\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300cW\u300d\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30ad\u30fc\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3001Abbott\u66f2\u7dda\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u632f\u5e45\u5bc6\u5ea6\u66f2\u7dda\u304b\u3089\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u3001\u54c1\u8cea\u4fdd\u8a3c\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5024\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7406\u306b\u304b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u7d19\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u3084\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u3055\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u65e5\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u63a5\u89e6\u5727\u529b\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u5370\u5237\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5370\u5237\u3092\u7279\u5fb4\u4ed8\u3051\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6c17\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u57fa\u6e96\u9818\u57df\u3068\u7d19\u306e\u8868\u9762\u306e\u9593\u3092\u6d41\u308c\u308b\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067 \u30d9\u30f3\u30c1 \u53c2\u7167\u9818\u57df\u304c\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\u30ac\u30e9\u30b9\u677f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001 \u30d9\u30f3\u30c9\u30bb\u30f3 \u3068 \u30d1\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u30c8\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5 \u30bf\u30fc\u30dd\u30ea\u30f3\u91d1\u5c5e\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u30a8\u30ea\u30a2\u3002 Table of Contents\u5149\u5b66\u8a66\u9a13\u65b9\u6cd5 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u7a7a\u6c17\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Bekk\u306b\u9045\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30d9\u30f3\u30c9\u30bb\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u7c97\u3055\/\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u3055 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30d1\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u30c8\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\uff08PPS\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7c97\u3055\/\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u3055 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | 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