[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/archives\/4589#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/archives\/4589","headline":"Grammar Esperanto-\u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3001\u7121\u6599\u200b\u200b\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178","name":"Grammar Esperanto-\u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3001\u7121\u6599\u200b\u200b\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178","description":"before-content-x4 \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5 – \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u898f\u5236\u3059\u308b\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 Ludwik Zamenhof\u306e\u52e7\u544a\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u30011887\u5e74\u306bFoundationo de Esperanto\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b16\u306e\u898f\u5247\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u4eba\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u30ed\u30de\u30cd\u30b9\u30af\u69d8\u5f0f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 [\u521d\u3081] \u3002\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u5247\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u8a00\u8a9e\u304c\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u6587\u6cd5\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u3001\u8a08\u753b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5019\u88dc\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u300d [2] \u3002 Esperanto\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u3055\u3001\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u6b20\u5982\uff08\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u306f\u898f\u5247\u7684\u3067\u3059\uff09\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5fb4\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 Esperanto Grammar\u306f\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306b\u4f5c\u54c1\u3067\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u57fa\u790e \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306fZamenhof\u304c\u6587\u6cd5\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f16\u306e\u7c21\u6f54\u306a\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u57fa\u790e\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u6700\u521d\u306e8\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c1\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1aPre -STEM\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002 9-10\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u304a\u3088\u3073\u767a\u97f3\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb 11\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u4f5c\u6210","datePublished":"2021-06-02","dateModified":"2021-06-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a0\/Fundamento_de_esperanto_edistudio.jpg\/250px-Fundamento_de_esperanto_edistudio.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a0\/Fundamento_de_esperanto_edistudio.jpg\/250px-Fundamento_de_esperanto_edistudio.jpg","height":"373","width":"250"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/archives\/4589","wordCount":11593,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4\u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5  – \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u898f\u5236\u3059\u308b\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 Ludwik Zamenhof\u306e\u52e7\u544a\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u30011887\u5e74\u306bFoundationo de Esperanto\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b16\u306e\u898f\u5247\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u4eba\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u30ed\u30de\u30cd\u30b9\u30af\u69d8\u5f0f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 [\u521d\u3081] 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\u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u8907\u6570\u5f62\u306e\u7279\u5225\u306a\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3068\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u5352\u696d [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] Inne\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u518d\u5e30\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u4e0d\u5728 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u756a\u53f7 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5e8f\u6570 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] 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7000 9\u6708mil  8 Ok 80 80\u4eba 800 800 8000 OK\u30df\u30eb  9 \u4e5d 90 90 900 900 9000 9000  \u4f8b\uff1a 14 -14\u3001 58 -58\u3001 91 -91 Cent Dudek Tri -123\u3001 500\u30ca\u30a4\u30f3 -509\u3001 870 -two -872 SES 1000\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u90aa\u60aa\u306aSES -1136\u3001 \u56db\u5343700\u5e74 -4719\u3001 \u5f7c\u3089\u306funu\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u307e\u3059 -6201 100\u4e07 – \u767e\u4e07\u3001 \u4e8c\u767e\u4e07 – \u4e8c\u767e\u4e07\u3001 300\u4e07  –  300\u4e07\u306a\u3069\u3002 \u5341\u5104  – \u6570\u5341\u5104\u3001 20\u5104  –  20\u5104\u3001 30\u5104  –  30\u5104\u306a\u3069\u3002 \u5146 – \u5341\u5104\u3001 2\u5146  –  dwa\u5146\u3001 3\u5146  –  3\u5146\u306a\u3069 \u6570\u5b57 \u5341 \u79c1 \u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 1\u301c9\u306e\u6570\u5b57\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u306e\u5834\u5408 \u5343 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-20\u756a\u76ee\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3048 20\u756a\u76ee \u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u306f\u3001\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30b3\u30cd\u30af\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u533a\u5207\u3089\u308c\u305f\u500b\u3005\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b1\u3064\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u958b\u9589\u88c5\u7f6e\u3092\u66f8\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059 [44] \u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff1a 250  257 -250 -SEVENTH \u6570\u5b57\u306e\u6570\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u306f\u5148\u7aef\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u307e\u3059 -o Na -A \u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff1a \u767e\u4e07 – \u767e\u4e07\u3001 Dumillion – \u4e8c\u767e\u4e07\u3001 \u5341\u5104 – \u5341\u5104\u3001 50\u5104  –  50\u5104\u4eba\u306a\u3069 [44] \u3002 \u6570\u5b57\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u77ed\u3055\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6570\u5b57\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u501f\u308a\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 –  obl  – \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u526f\u8a5e\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u53ef\u80fd – \u72ec\u8eab\u3001 \u30c0\u30d6\u30eb  – \u30c0\u30d6\u30eb\u3001 \u72ec\u8eab  – \u500b\u5225\u306b\u3001 \u30c0\u30d6\u30eb  – \u30c0\u30d6\u30eb [47] \u3002 \u901a\u5e38\u306e\u753b\u5206\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 –  \u306e\u4e0a  – \u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\uff1a \u534a\u5206  – \u534a\u5206\u30011\u3064\u30011\u3064\u3001 7\u3064\u306e\u30aa\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u30d6  – \u30bb\u30d6\u30f38\u3002\u5206\u6570\u306e\u30c7\u30cb\u30e0 [47] \u3002 \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u756a\u53f7\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 –  \u306e\u4e0a  – \u305d\u3057\u3066\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u526f\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u72ec\u8eab\u8005 – \u72ec\u8eab\u3001 \u5358\u72ec\u3067  – \u500b\u5225\u306b; \u30c0\u30d6\u30eb  – \u30c0\u30d6\u30eb\u3001 \u30c8\u30ea\u30d7\u30eb  – \u30c8\u30ea\u30d7\u30eb [48] \u3002 \u30b5\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u501f\u308a\u3066\u8907\u6570\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059 –  \u6642\u3005 [49] \uff1a 2\u56de  – \u4e8c\u5ea6\u3001 \u4f55\u56de  – \u4f55\u56de\uff1f \u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u5f7c\u306b3\u56de\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002  – \u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u5f7c\u306b3\u56de\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 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Esperanto\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u30013\u4eba\u306b\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff1a1\u3064\u76ee\uff08\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\uff09\u30012\u756a\u76ee\uff08\u5b9b\u5148\uff09\u30013\u756a\u76ee\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u8005\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u4eba\u306e\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7279\u7570\u3068\u8907\u6570\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4eba\u306f\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u306e\u307f\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093 [50] \u3002 \u30b5\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u5973\u6027\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306e\u540d\u524d\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 -\u306e- \u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 \u7236\u89aa – \u7236\u89aa\u3001 \u6bcd\u89aa  – \u65c5 [51] \u3002 \u57fa\u672c\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059 \u52d5\u8a5e \u3002\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3068\u547d\u4ee4\u3068\u60f3\u5b9a\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 [52] \u3002\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u30011\u3064\u306e\u5171\u5f79\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4eba\u3068\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u5e38\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u306a\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093 [29] \u3002 \u52d5\u8a5e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u4f8b \u4f1a\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b \u2192\u51fa\u4f1a\u3046\uff1a [29] \u4eba \u7279\u7570\u306a \u8907\u6570 \u521d\u3081 \u79c1\u306f\u4f1a\u3046 \u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u4f1a\u3046 2 \u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3059 3 \u5f7c\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u51fa\u4f1a\u3046 \u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u901a\u884c\u4eba – \u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u3054\u3068 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u901a\u884c\u4eba\u306b\u5206\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3001\u4e88\u6e2c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u901a\u884c\u4eba\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u901a\u884c\u4eba\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 –  Ig  –  [53] \uff1a \u30b7\u30c7\u30a3  – \u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u2192 \u5ea7\u5e2d\u3078 – \u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u4e0b\u3055\u3044\u3002\u901a\u884c\u4eba – \u30aa\u30d5\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c1\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304b\u3089\u3082\u4f5c\u6210\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5bfa  – \u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u2192 \u305d\u3046\u3058\u3059\u308b – \u7dba\u9e97\u3001 \u7834\u6ec5 -Ruina\u2192 \u58ca\u3059 – \u7834\u6ec5 [54] \u3002 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u306f\u3001\u975e\u96c6\u4e2d\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 –  \u79c1\u306f  – \u3001\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u3068\u306f\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 –  Ig  –  [55] \u3002\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u901a\u904e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u88dc\u5b8c\u3092\u975e\u96e3\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 \u9031  – \u76ee\u3092\u899a\u307e\u3059\uff08\u8ab0\u304b\uff09\u2192 \u76ee\u3092\u899a\u307e\u3059 – \u8d77\u304d\u308d\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u59b9\u3092\u76ee\u899a\u3081\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3057\u305f \u79c1\u306f\u59b9\u3092\u76ee\u899a\u3081\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u671d8\u6642\u306b\u76ee\u304c\u899a\u3081\u305f \u671d8\u6642\u306b\u76ee\u304c\u899a\u3081\u305f\u3002 \u4f1a\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \uff08\u8ab0\u304b\uff09\u2192\u306b\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u4f1a\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b \u2192\u51fa\u4f1a\u3046\u3002 \u5f7c\u306f\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u79c1\u306b\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u5f7c\u306f\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u3067\u79c1\u306b\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u3067\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u3067\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f [56] \u3002 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u5074\u9762-ig- [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  Ig  – \u526f\u8a5e\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u306f\u3044 \u5f7c + \u6728 \u2192 \u5916\u51fa  – \u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\uff1a \u7159\u7a81\u306f\u6fc3\u3044\u7159\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f \u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306f + \u6728 \u2192 \u596a\u3046 – \u596a\u3046\uff1a \u6226\u4e89\u306f\u4e21\u89aa\u304b\u3089\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\u3092\u596a\u3063\u305f \u3002 \u4ea4\u63db + \u6728 \u2192 \u4ea4\u63db – \u4ea4\u63db\uff1a \u300c\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u306f\u300c\u7269\u300d\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059 [57] \u3002 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  Ig  – \u901a\u884c\u4eba\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u6761\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6bcd\u89aa\u306f\u671d\u76ee\u304c\u899a\u3081\u305f  – \u6bcd\u306f\u671d\u76ee\u304c\u899a\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u6bcd\u89aa\u306f\u671d\u76ee\u304c\u899a\u3081\u305f  – \u6bcd\u306f\u79c1\u306b\u671d\u76ee\u899a\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a00\u3063\u305f [53] \u3002 \u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u3001\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u3058\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u793a\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u898b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u306b\u306f – \u898b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001 \u30c0\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u306b – \u30c0\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3001 \u8cb7\u3046  – \u8cfc\u5165\u306a\u3069\u3002 notor -free\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u691c\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u307f\u3092\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u77e5\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b – \u77e5\u308b\u3001 \u597d\u304d\u306b  – \u597d\u304d\u306a\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3082\u6df7\u5408\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d3\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u66f8\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u66f8\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001 \u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b  – \u30d3\u30eb\u30c9\u306a\u3069\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u52d5\u8a5e\u3082\u90aa\u9b54\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u9664\u53bb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u63a5\u982d\u8f9e\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30a2\u30eb  – \u3001 \u306e  – \u3001 \u5f7c  – \u3001 \u306e  – \u3001 \u305f\u3081\u306b  –  \u3044\u3064  – \u3001 \u3042\u305f\u308a  – \u3001 \u3067  – \u3001 \u306e\u4e0a  – \u3001 \u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af  – \u3001 \u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9  –  [58] \u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff1a \u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9 \u5f7c  – \u610f\u56f3\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3001\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u81ea\u7136\u7aef\u307e\u3067\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u53e3 \u2192 \u30a8\u30eb\u30d0\u30ad – \u30b1\u30fc\u30ad\u3092\u713c\u304f\uff09\u3001 \u98e2\u9949 \u2192 \u30a8\u30eb\u30b0\u30e9\u30c7\u30a3 – \u9244\u3001 \u7159 \u2192 elfumi  – \u71c3\u3048\u5c3d\u304d\u308b\uff08\u30bf\u30d0\u30b3\uff09 [59] \u3002 \u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9 \u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6d88\u8cbb\u3001\u7834\u58ca\u3001\u9664\u53bb\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u98f2\u307f\u7269 \u2192 \u8acb\u6c42  – \u98f2\u307f\u7269\uff08\u304a\u91d1\uff09 [60] \u3002 \u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9 \u306e  – \u4f55\u304b\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30af\u30eb\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u66f8\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b \u2192 \u767b\u9332\u3059\u308b – \u5165\u529b\u3001 \u98f2\u307f\u8fbc\u3080 \u2192 \u98f2\u307f\u8fbc\u3080 – \u98f2\u307f\u8fbc\u3080 [60] \u3002 \u9055\u6cd5\u52d5\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u6c17\u8c61\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u30d9\u30cb\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u5f62\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30c6\u30a3\u306a\u3057\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1apluvo\u2192 \u96e8\u304c\u964d\u308b – \u306e\u4e0a\u3001 \u96ea \u2192 ‘\u96ea – \u96ea\u304c\u964d\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3001 Fulmo-\u7a32\u59bb\u2192 \u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5  – \u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5 [\u516d\u5341\u4e00] \u3002 \u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3068\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] 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[62] \u3002 \u3053\u308c\u304c\u500b\u3005\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3068\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u3067\u3059 [52] \uff1a \u73fe\u5728\u5f62 -\u3068\u3057\u3066  \u904e\u53bb\u5f62 -\u306f  \u672a\u6765\u6642\u5236 -\u3042\u306a\u305f  \u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e -\u79c1  \u5fc5\u9808 -\u306e [63] \u30b5\u30d6\u30ac\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6 -\u79c1\u305f\u3061  \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u884c\u3046\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e0b\u4f4d\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u306f\u3001\u89aa\u6587\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 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\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u301c\u306a\u3044 – \u7406\u7531\u3082\u306a\u304f \u8cea\u554f [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u8cea\u554f\u306f\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 \u306b- \u3002 \u300c\u306f\u3044\u300d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u3044\u3044\u3048\u300d\u306e\u7b54\u3048\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 \u3069\u3046\u306b\u304b \uff08 “or”\uff09\u6587\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f [84] \u3002\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u3067\u3059 \u306f\u3044 \uff08\u300c\u306f\u3044\u300d\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 \uff08”\u3044\u3044\u3048”\uff09 [85] \u3002\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\uff1a\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6587\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b \u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\uff1f \u305d\u3057\u3066\u30cd\u30ac\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b \u305d\u308c\u306f…\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f [\u516b\u5341\u516d] \u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001Wennergren\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u300c\u897f\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6771\u300d\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u897f\u6d0b\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8cea\u554f \u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f \u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u524d\u5411\u304d\u306a\u7b54\u3048\uff08\u306f\u3044\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff09 \u306f\u3044 \u3001 \u30cd\u30ac\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6 – \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 [\u516b\u5341\u4e03] \u3002\u6771\u90e8\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u53cd\u5bfe\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1a \u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f ” \u306f\u3044 \u300c\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3059 [88] \u3002 \u914d\u5217 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u3001SVO\u304c\u6700\u3082\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u611b\u3057\u3066\u307e\u3059 \u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c [89] \u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3001\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9650\u308a\u8fd1\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6587 \u79c1\u306f\u8def\u4e0a\u3067\u5f7c\u306e\u59bb\u304c\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f \u30cd\u30ac\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u9060\u3044\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c\u591a\u3059\u304e\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u5341\u5206\u306b\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093 [90] \u3002 \u5426\u5b9a [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u65b9\u8a00\u306e\u898f\u5247\u306f\u3001Esperanto\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u306e12\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u501f\u308a\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u304c\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 \u5358\u4e00\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff1a\u6587\u3067\u62d2\u5426\u3055\u308c\u305f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u7c92\u5b50 \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 \u305d\u308c\u306f\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3059 [3] \uff1a \u81ea\u5206 \u306a\u3057 \u898b\u305f \u2192\u4f55\u3082\u898b\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u5358\u4e00\u6587 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u500b\u3005\u306e\u6587\u306b\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 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Esperanto\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u8fd1\u3044\u3082\u306e +\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b +\u88dc\u5b8c\u3092\u8a2d\u8a08\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u77e5\u899a\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u805e\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b \u3001 \u898b\u3066 \u3001 \u3092\u898b\u3066 \u8981\u6c42\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u5f37\u5236\uff1a \u80f8 \u3001 \u79c1\u306f\u6c7a\u3081\u305f \u7b49\uff1a \u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30eb\u30ba\u306f\u59b9\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u30ab\u30ed\u30eb\u306f\u59b9\u304c\u50cd\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u5f7c\u306e\u6bcd\u89aa\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u732b\u3092\u8cb7\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u305f  – \u5f7c\u306e\u6bcd\u89aa\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u732b\u3092\u8cb7\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u305f [92] \u3002 \u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u7279\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u7d9a\u3044\u305f\u304b\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5f37\u8abf\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5206\u8a5e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u7236\u304c\u6b63\u9762\u7384\u95a2\u3092\u9589\u3081\u305f\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u7236\u304c\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u9589\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u7236\u304c\u6b63\u9762\u7384\u95a2\u3092\u9589\u3081\u305f\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u7236\u304c\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u9589\u3081\u305f\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u7236\u304c\u6b63\u9762\u7384\u95a2\u3092\u9589\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u7236\u304c\u6b63\u9580\u3092\u9589\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u3053\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3067\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u5206\u6bcd\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 [93] \u3002 \u4e0b\u4f4d\u6587 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u76ee\u7684\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u501f\u308a\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059  \u79c1 \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 – \u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3002\u4e0b\u4f4d\u6587\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u99c5\u306b\u6765\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u983c\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u99c5\u306b\u6765\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u983c\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f [\u516d\u5341\u4e00] \u3002 \u4e0b\u4f4d\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u4f4d\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u610f\u6b32\u3001\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u610f\u898b\u306a\u3069\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002\u6307\u63ee\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 [\u4e5d\u5341\u56db] \uff1a \u50cd\u3044\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3002  – \u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306b\u50cd\u3044\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u7d42\u308f\u3089\u305b\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059  – \u8ab0\u304b\u304c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u7d42\u308f\u3089\u305b\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u6587\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6587\u3068\u4e0b\u4f4d\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u6587\u304c\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u3059 [95] \uff1a \u79c1\u306f\u79c1\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u3060\u308d\u3046 \u91d1\u6301\u3061\u3001\u79c1\u306fl\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093 \u30a2\u30dc\u30e9\u30b9 \u3002 –  \u3082\u3057\u79c1\u304c\u91d1\u6301\u3061\u306a\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u50cd\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093 \u3002 \u4e0b\u4f4d\u6587\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u3057\u305d\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3044  – \u304b\u308d\u3046\u3058\u3066\u4f55\u3001\u305f\u3060\uff1a \u5f7c\u5973\u304c\u3057\u304d\u3044\u5024\u306b\u8e0f\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u3068\u3059\u3050\u306b\u3001\u3064\u3076\u3084\u304d\u306f\u518d\u958b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u304b\u308d\u3046\u3058\u3066\u3057\u304d\u3044\u5024\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3001\u3064\u3076\u3084\u304d\u304c\u518d\u3073\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u305f [96] \u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089 – \u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089 \uff1a \u5915\u65b9\u306b\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u7720\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u4e00\u6669\u4e2d\u5bdd\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u5915\u65b9\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u7720\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u4e00\u6669\u4e2d\u7720\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f [97] \u3002 \u3069\u3046\u306b\u304b – \u3069\u3046\u306b\u304b\uff1a \u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u6765\u305f\u3089\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044  – \u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u6765\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 [97] \u3002 \u3059\u308b  – \u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff1a \u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u52a9\u3051\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059  – \u8a00\u8a9e\u6587\u6cd5\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u52a9\u3051\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059 [98] \u3002 \u305d\u306e\u9593 – \u305d\u306e\u9593\uff1a \u59bb\u304c\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u59bb\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u79c1\u304c\u5618\u3092\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u59bb\u306f\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f [97] \u3002 \u3068\u304d\u307e\u3067  – \u307e\u3067\uff1a \u79c1\u306f\u5973\u306e\u5b50\u304c\u7720\u308a\u306b\u843d\u3061\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u79c1\u306f\u5973\u306e\u5b50\u304c\u7720\u308a\u306b\u843d\u3061\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f [96]   – \u305d\u308c\u3082\uff1a\u305d\u308c\uff1a \u79c1\u306f\u9055\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059  – \u305d\u3046\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059 [99] \u3002 \u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082  – \u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\uff1a \u96e8\u306f\u6b62\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u307e\u3060\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f  – \u307e\u3060\u96e8\u306f\u6b62\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u307e\u3060\u5b8c\u5168\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044 [96] \u3002 \u3068  – \u5834\u5408\uff1a \u79c1\u304c\u5065\u5eb7\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5e78\u305b\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046  – \u79c1\u304c\u5065\u5eb7\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5e78\u305b\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046 [98] \u3002 \u3057\u304b\u3057  –  \u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a \uff1a \u9053\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059  – \u9053\u8def\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 [100] \u3002 \u8907\u96d1\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff1a \u524d – \u524d\uff1a \u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u6765\u308b\u524d\u306b\u53bb\u308a\u307e\u3059  – \u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u6765\u308b\u524d\u306b\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u307e\u3059 [101] \u3002 \u3082\u3057\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082  – \u305f\u3068\u3048\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001 \u75b2\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7720\u308a\u306b\u843d\u3061\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044  – \u75b2\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u5922\u3092\u898b\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 [101] \u3002 \u5834\u5408\u3092\u9664\u304d – \u3092\u9664\u5916\u3059\u308b\uff1a \u96e8\u304c\u964d\u3089\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u3092\u8a2a\u554f\u3057\u307e\u3059  – \u96e8\u304c\u964d\u3089\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u8a2a\u554f\u3057\u307e\u3059 [101] \u3002 \u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082  – \u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\uff1a \u5f7c\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u75b2\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u7d9a\u3051\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u5f7c\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u75b2\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u7d9a\u3051\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f [101] \u3002 \u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9  – \u5834\u5408\u306e\u307f\uff1a \u5929\u6c17\u304c\u6709\u5229\u3067\u3042\u308b\u9650\u308a\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u8857\u3092\u8a2a\u308c\u307e\u3059  – \u5929\u6c17\u304c\u6709\u5229\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u8857\u3092\u8a2a\u308c\u307e\u3059 [102] \u3002 \u3044\u3064 – \u5f8c\uff1a \u5f7c\u5973\u304c\u5230\u7740\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u5915\u98df\u3092\u3068\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f  – \u5f7c\u5973\u304c\u6765\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u5915\u98df\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f [102] \u3002  \u5225\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\uff1aEsperanto\u306eAfiky\u3002 Esperanto\u306f\u8c4a\u304b\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u3059 – \u5f62\u6210\uff1a\u5358\u8a9e\u4f5c\u6210\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5c11\u6570\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d0\u30eb\u30de  – \u6696\u304b\u304f\u3001\u6691\u3044\u3001 \u5bd2\u3044 – \u5bd2\u3044\u3001 \u5bd2\u3044 – \u98a8\u90aa\u3092\u3072\u304f\u3001 \u6696\u304b\u3044 – \u5e74\u9593\u3001 \u71b1\u3044 – \u3068\u3066\u3082\u6691\u3044\u3001 \u71b1\u304f\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u77ed\u3044\u77ac\u9593\u3092\u52a0\u71b1\u3057\u3001 \u518d\u52a0\u71b1  – \u518d\u52a0\u71b1\u3001 \u71b1  – \u6696\u623f\u5ba4\u3001 \u30d2\u30fc\u30bf  – \u30d2\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3001\u30d2\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u306a\u3069\u3002\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3001\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 [103] \u3002 \u8907\u96d1\u306a\u8a00\u8449 [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u9001\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u8ca1\u56e3\u306e\u7b2c11\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 [3] \u3002\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u96a3\u540c\u58eb\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5834\u5408 \u30d9\u30f3\u30c1 \u79c1 \u30d5\u30c3\u30c8 2\u3064\u306e\u500d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d9\u30f3\u30af\u30d4\u30a8\u30c9 \uff08\u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\u304b\u3089\u306e\u811a\uff09i \u30d4\u30a8\u30c9\u30d9\u30f3\u30b3 \uff08\u811a\u306e\u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\u307e\u305f\u306f\u811a\u306e\u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u9593\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u30ad\u30e3\u30d7\u30c1\u30e3\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u96e3\u3057\u3055 Arbfolio \u79c1 \u8449\u306e\u6728 \u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u304a\u52e7\u3081\u3057\u307e\u3059 \u8449\u306e\u6728 \u2192 \u30d5\u30a9\u30ea\u30a2 + \u6728 \uff08\u8449\u306e\u6728\uff09\u3001 Arbfolio \u2192 \u307e\u305f + \u30d5\u30a9\u30ea\u30aa \uff08\u8449\u306e\u8449\uff09 [104] \u3002 \u30a2\u30bb\u30f3\u30d6\u30ea\u304c\u5b50\u97f3\u306e\u9589\u9396\u3092\u9577\u304f\u56f0\u96e3\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306b\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u59d4\u8a17\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u9ed2 + \u9aea \u2192 \u9ed2 a \u30cf\u30ed \u3001 \u90e8\u5c4b + \u30dd\u30fc\u30c8 \u2192 \u90e8\u5c4b o \u6e2f \u3001\u9577\u3059\u304e\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5206\u5272 \u9244\u9053\u904b\u8ee2\u624b \u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u5f62\u5f0f \u9244\u9053\u6307\u63ee\u8005 [105] \u3002 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\u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9 \u3069\u308c\u306e  – \u624b\u6bb5\uff1a\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u3001\u9593\u9055\u3063\u3066\u3001\u60aa\u3044\u3001\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u306b\u3001\u60aa\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067 [111] \uff1a \u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u7406\u89e3\u2192 \u8aa4\u89e3  – \u8aa4\u89e3\u3001 \u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8  – \u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u2192 \u30df\u30ba\u30ab\u30eb\u30af\u30ea  – \u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u9593\u9055\u3048\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d1\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0  – \u8aa4\u3063\u3066 \u30d7\u30ec\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30b9 \u518d  – \u8fd4\u54c1\u306e\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 [112] \uff1a \u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u2192\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059 \u623b\u308b – \u623b\u308b\u3001 \u6cd5\u5f8b  – \u8aad\u3093\u3067\u2192 \u8aad\u307f\u76f4\u3057\u307e\u3059  – \u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 \u6765\u3066  – \u6765\u3066\u2192 \u623b\u308b \u2192\u623b\u3063\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e [ \u7de8\u96c6 | \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059 ] \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  a  – \u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4eba\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5acc\u60aa\u611f\u3092\u5f37\u8abf\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b [109] \uff1a \u30db\u30e2  – \u30de\u30f3\u2192 \u7537\u306e  – \u919c\u3044\u7537\uff08\u5be9\u7f8e\u7684\u306a\u7406\u7531\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff09\u3002 \u6c5a\u3044  – \u5acc\u306a\u3001\u5384\u4ecb\u3067\u3059 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u5e83\u544a  – \u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u9577\u3055\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059 [51] \uff1a \u66f8\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b \u2192 \u66f8\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b – \u66f8\u304f\u3001 \u8a71\u3059 \u2192 \u8a71\u3059 – \u8a71 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u3082\u306e  – \u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093 [113] \uff1a \u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5099\u3048\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u300d \u7518\u3044  – \u7518\u3044\u2192 \u7518\u3044  – \u7518\u3055\u3001\u7518\u3044\u3082\u306e \u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u52b9\u679c\uff1a \u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b  – \u30d3\u30eb\u30c9\u2192 \u5efa\u7269 – \u5de5\u4e8b \u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u88fd\u54c1\uff1a \u8c5a -wieprz\u2192 \u8c5a\u8089 \u2192\u8c5a\u8089 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  an  – \u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u3001\u90fd\u5e02\u307e\u305f\u306f\u56fd\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u30d5\u30a9\u30ed\u30ef\u30fc\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [107] \uff1a \u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30e0\u6559 \u2192 \u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30e0\u6559\u5f92  – \u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30ed\u30ef\u30fc\u3001 \u30d2\u30c3\u30d7  – \u30af\u30e9\u30d6\u2192 Cluban  – \u30af\u30e9\u30d6\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u3001 \u30ef\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u30ef \u2192 \u30ef\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u30ef  – \u30ef\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u30ef \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u3068  – \u30b3\u30a2\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3001 [12\u756a\u76ee] \uff1a \u6728  – \u30c4\u30ea\u30fc\u2192 \u68ee  – \u3001 \u82e5\u8005  – \u82e5\u3044\u7537\u2192 \u82e5\u8005 – \u82e5\u8005 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  EBL  – \u4f55\u304b\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [107] \uff1a \u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u7406\u89e3\u2192 \u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b  – \u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002 \u6cd5\u5f8b  – \u8aad\u3093\u3067\u2192 \u8aad\u307f\u3084\u3059\u3044  – \u8aad\u307f\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3001\u8aad\u307f\u3084\u3059\u3044; \u591a\u5206  – \u305d\u308c\u306f\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  EC  – \u30b3\u30a2\u304c\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u5206\u96e2\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30f3\u30bb\u30d7\u30c8\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [114] \uff1a \u30d9\u30e9  – \u7d20\u6575\u306a\u2192 \u7f8e\u3057\u3055 – \u7f8e\u3057\u3055\u3001 \u30d0\u30ab  – \u611a\u304b\u306a\u2192 \u611a\u304b\u3055 \u2192\u611a\u304b\u3055 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u4f8b\u3048\u3070  – \u30b3\u30a2\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u793a\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d9\u30e9 \u2192 \u767d – \u3068\u3066\u3082\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3001 \u30d0\u30eb\u30de  – \u6e29\u304b\u3044\u2192 \u71b1\u3044 – \u71b1\u3044 [115] ; \u3082\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b – \u5927\u304d\u3044 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u3044\u3044\u3048  – \u305d\u308c\u304c\u6dfb\u4ed8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u5834\u6240\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u5834\u6240\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [116] \u300c \u5b66\u3076\u305f\u3081\u306b \u2192 \u5b66\u6821 – \u5b66\u6821\u3001 \u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b \u4fdd\u7559\u2192 \u8caf\u8535\u5eab – \u4fdd\u7ba1\u6240\u3001 \u50cd\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b \u2192 \u8077\u5834  – \u8077\u5834; \u660e\u65e5 – \u90e8\u5c4b \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u3042\u306a\u305f  – \u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u3001\u610f\u6b32\u3001\u6b32\u6c42\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [117] \uff1a \u50cd\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u4f5c\u696d\u2192 \u52e4\u52c9\u306a – \u52e4\u52c9\u306a\u3001 \u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b – \u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b – \u7bc0\u7d04  – \u7d4c\u6e08\u7684; \u30a8\u30e2 – \u50be\u5411 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u306f  – \u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u7c92\u5b50\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [118] \uff1a \u7802  – \u7802\u2192 \u7802\u306e  – \u7802\u7c92\u3001 \u96ea  – \u96ea\u2192 \u96ea  – \u30b9\u30ce\u30fc\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u3001\u30b9\u30ce\u30fc\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u3002 \u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9  – \u7c92\u5b50\u3001\u8981\u7d20\u3002 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u3068  – \u5c0f\u67c4\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3001\u30b3\u30a2\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u72ac -pies\u2192 \u5b50\u72ac  – \u72ac\uff08\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\uff09\u3001 \u5e02 – \u30df\u30a2\u30b9\u30c8 \u2192 \u8857  – \u753a\uff08\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u90fd\u5e02\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u3068\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u79c1\u306e\u611b\u3059\u308b\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u6bcd  – \u79c1\u306e\u6700\u611b\u306e\u30de\u30de [119] \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  id  – \u5b50\u5b6b\u3001\u82e5\u3044\u500b\u4eba\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [120] \uff1a \u72ac  – \u30d1\u30a4\u2192 \u6c88\u3093\u3060  – \u72ac\u306e\u5b50\u72ac\u3001 \u738b  – \u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u2192 \u738b\u5b50  – \u738b\u5b50   \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –    – \u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [121] \uff1a \u30ed\u30c3\u30af  – \u2192[\u898b\u3064\u3051]\u2192 \u9375 – \u9375\u3001 \u5207\u308b  – \u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u2192 \u30ca\u30a4\u30d5  – \u30ca\u30a4\u30d5; ILO – \u9053\u5177 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u306e  – \u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u5973\u6027\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u7de8\u96c6\u8005  – \u30a8\u30c7\u30a3\u30bf\u30fc\u2192 \u7de8\u96c6\u8005 – \u7de8\u96c6\u8005\u3001 \u7236\u89aa  – \u7236\u2192 \u6bcd\u89aa  – \u65c5 [51] \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  Ind  – \u5024\u3092\u5f37\u8abf\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30b3\u30a2\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059 [122] \uff1a \u30df\u30ea  – \u8cde\u8cdb\u2192 \u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u3044  – \u7acb\u6d3e\u306a\u3001 \u30af\u30ec\u30b8\u30c3\u30c8  – \u4fe1\u3058\u308b\u2192 \u4fe1\u983c\u3067\u304d\u308b  – \u4fe1\u983c\u3067\u304d\u308b \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u3067  – \u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3001\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u81a3\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [109] \uff1a \u6307  – \u6307\u2192 \u6307 -Naparstek\u3001 \u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30c9\u30eb  – \u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30c9\u30eb\u2192 \u308d\u3046\u305d\u304f\u8db3 \u2192\u308d\u3046\u305d\u304f\u8db3 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u306f  – \u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093 [123] \uff1a \u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8077\u696d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6052\u4e45\u7684\u306a\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\uff1a \u50cd\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b  – \u4f5c\u696d\u2192 \u52b4\u50cd\u8005  –  Robotnik\u3001 \u76d7\u3080  – \u30b9\u30c1\u30fc\u30eb\u2192 \u6ce5\u68d2 – \u6ce5\u68d2\u3001 \u6b6f  – \u6b6f\u2192 \u6b6f\u533b\u8005 – \u6b6f\u533b\u8005 \u30a4\u30c7\u30aa\u30ed\u30ae\u30fc\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u306a\u6d41\u308c\u306e\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\uff1a \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8  – \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u2192 \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8 -Esperantysta\u3001 \u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb – \u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb \u2192 \u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005 \u2192\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u571f\u5730  – \u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u56fd\u540d\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 [124] \uff1a \u30dd\u30fc\u30eb  – \u30dd\u30fc\u30eb\u2192 \u30dd\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9  – \u30dd\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  uj  – \u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093 [125] \uff1a \u30b3\u30a2\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4fdd\u7ba1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u307e\u305f\u306f\u76bf\uff1a \u5358\u6838\u75c7  – \u304a\u91d1\u2192 \u8ca1\u5e03 – \u8ca1\u5e03\u3001 \u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb  – \u592a\u967d\u2192 \u30bd\u30eb\u30c8\u30cf\u30eb\u30c9  – \u30bd\u30eb\u30c8\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u3002 \u30d1\u30cb\u30c3\u30af  – \u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u5bb9\u5668 \u679c\u7269\u306e\u540d\u524d\u304b\u3089\u6728\u306e\u540d\u524d\uff1a \u30d8\u30eb\u30d7  – \u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30eb\u2192 \u30ea\u30f3\u30b4\u306e\u6728 – \u30ea\u30f3\u30b4\u306e\u6728 \u56fd\u7c4d\u306e\u540d\u524d\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u56fd\u306e\u540d\u524d\uff1a \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba  – \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u2192 \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4  – \u30c9\u30a4\u30c4 \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  ul  – \u30b3\u30a2\u304c\u793a\u3059\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6301\u3064\u4eba\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059 [116] \uff1a \u30af\u30ec\u30a4\u30b8\u30fc  – \u30af\u30ec\u30a4\u30b8\u30fc\u2192 \u72c2\u4eba  – \u72c2\u4eba\u3001 \u304a\u4e92\u3044 – \u30e4\u30f3\u30b0\u2192 \u82e5\u8005 – \u82e5\u8005\u3001 \u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9 –  \u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9\u3001\u8efd\u3044\u9aea\u2192 \u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9  – \u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9; \u982d – \u4eba \u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e –  \u4e00  – \u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u533a\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059 [126] \uff1a \u5e97  – \u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u2192 \u8cb7\u3044\u7269 – \u5e97\u3001 \u6e80\u676f  – \u5b8c\u5168\u2192 \u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b  – \u8a18\u5165\u3059\u308b \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 7\u3002  \u2191  Esperanto\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u53cd\u5bfe \u3002 remush.be\u3002 [\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b92020-01-31]\u3002  \u2191 a b c d \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 f g h \u79c1 j k l m n  Ludwik Zamenhof\uff1a \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u57fa\u790e \u3002 [\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b92020-02-03]\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 13\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 12\u3002  \u2191 a b   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 29\u3002  \u2191 a b   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 13\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 14\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 15\u3002  \u2191   1928\u5e74\u3092\u56de\u3057\u307e\u3059\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 7\u3002  \u2191   1928\u5e74\u3092\u56de\u3057\u307e\u3059\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 5\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 63\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 21\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 22\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 93-94\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 62\u3002  \u2191   Waringhien 1985\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 64-65\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 33\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 89\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 55\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 24\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 24-25\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 14\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 17\u3002  \u2191 a b   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 46\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 25\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 25-26\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 13\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 14\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 109\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 118\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 119\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 42\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 101\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 16\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 23\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 17\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 81\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 84\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 84-85\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 86\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 16-17\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1991\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 39-44\u3002  \u2191 a b c d   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 41\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1991\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 40\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 31\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 47\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 80\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 41\u3002  \u2191 a b   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 16\u3002  \u2191 a b c d   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 11\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 21\u3002  \u2191 a b   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 65\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 52\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 67\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 465\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 64\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 76\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 76-77\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 77\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 69\u3002  \u2191 a b   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 99\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 17\u3002  \u2191   Set\u00e4l\u00e41977\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 75\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 78-79\u3002  \u2191 a b c d \u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059 f   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 72\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 73\u3002  \u2191  Bertil Wennergren\uff1a \u7570\u5e38\u306a\u8907\u5408\u52d5\u8a5e \u3002 [\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b92020-02-11]\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 67\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 41\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 42\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 68\u3002  \u2191 a b   Set\u00e4l\u00e41977\u2193 \u3002  \u2191 a b c d   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 48\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 47-48\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 98\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 100\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 99-100\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 335\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 335-336\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 36-39\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 251\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 36\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 362\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 21\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 365-366\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 365\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 366-367\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 21-22\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 54-55\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 168\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 168-169\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1990\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 177\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 418-419\u3002  \u2191   Wennergren 2019\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 419\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 87\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 86\u3002  \u2191 a b   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 88\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 85\u3002  \u2191   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 88-89\u3002  \u2191 a b c d   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 94\u3002  \u2191 a b   Wimmer 2009\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 95\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1991\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 141-142\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 30\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 30-31\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 31-32\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 57\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 69\u3002  \u2191 a b c   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 105\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 26\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 97\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 22\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 27\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 74\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 38-39\u3002  \u2191 a b   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 18\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 77\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 99\u3002  \u2191   Seppik 1937\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 38\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 109\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 83\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 29\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 21-22\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 81\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 80-81\u3002  \u2191   Pettyn 1987\u2193 \u3001s\u3002 103\u3002  Andrzej Pettyn\uff1a \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u56fd\u969b\u8a00\u8a9e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8 \u3002 Bydgoszcz\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u89b3\u5149\u60c5\u5831\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30011987\u5e74\u3002 Andrzej Pettyn\uff1a \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5 \u3002\u30ef\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u30ef\uff1a1990\u5e74\u306eNowe Publishing House\u3002 \u30d8\u30f3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30bb\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\uff1a \u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u5411\u3051\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u6587\u6cd5\u5168\u4f53 \u3002\u30d6\u30c0\u30da\u30b9\u30c8\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5b66\u30011937\u5e74\u3002 Pawe\u0142Wimmer\uff1a 10\u306e\u30ec\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3067\u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8 \u3002\u30ef\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u30ef\uff1aStudio Opinia\u30012009\u3002 VilhoSet\u00e4l\u00e4\uff1a \u8a00\u8a9e\u77e5\u8b58\u3078\u306e\u7279\u6a29\u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8 \u3002 Helsingfors\uff1aEsperanto Foundation\u30011977\u3002 \u30ec\u30aa\u30fb\u30bf\u30fc\u30ce\uff1a \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u8a9e\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8 \u3002\u30af\u30e9\u30af\u30d5\uff1a\u30dd\u30ed\u30cb\u30a2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u30011928\u5e74\u3002 G. G.  \u30ef\u30ea\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a8\u30f3  G. G. \u3001 \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u3001\u30ed\u30c3\u30c6\u30eb\u30c0\u30e0\uff1a\u30e6\u30cb\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30eb\u30a8\u30b9\u30d1\u30fc\u30b5\u30f3\u30c8\u5354\u4f1a\u30011985\u5e74\u3001s\u3002 64-65\u3001ISBN 92-9017-032-8 \u3001OCLC 60077044 [\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b92020-02-07]  \u3002 Bertilo Wennergren\uff1a \u30a8\u30b9\u30da\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u30b0\u30e9\u30de\u30fc\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u30de\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb \u3002 2019\u5e74\u3002       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2jp\/wiki47\/archives\/4589#breadcrumbitem","name":"Grammar Esperanto-\u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3001\u7121\u6599\u200b\u200b\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178"}}]}]