[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/ayres-thrush-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/ayres-thrush-wikipedia\/","headline":"Ayres Thrush – Wikipedia","name":"Ayres Thrush – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 American agricultural aircraft The Ayres Thrush, formerly the Snow S-2,[1]Aero Commander Ag Commander,","datePublished":"2014-12-11","dateModified":"2014-12-11","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cd810e53c1408c38cc766bc14e7ce26a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cd810e53c1408c38cc766bc14e7ce26a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/10\/Snow_S-2A_N4983C_Santa_Fe_NM_19.06.97R.jpg\/220px-Snow_S-2A_N4983C_Santa_Fe_NM_19.06.97R.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/10\/Snow_S-2A_N4983C_Santa_Fe_NM_19.06.97R.jpg\/220px-Snow_S-2A_N4983C_Santa_Fe_NM_19.06.97R.jpg","height":"122","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/ayres-thrush-wikipedia\/","wordCount":3821,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4American agricultural aircraftThe Ayres Thrush, formerly the Snow S-2,[1]Aero Commander Ag Commander, and Rockwell Thrush Commander, is an American agricultural aircraft produced by Ayres Corporation and more recently by Thrush Aircraft. It is one of the most successful and long-lived agricultural application aircraft types in the world, with almost 2,000 sold since the first example flew 67 years ago. Typical of agricultural aircraft, it is a single-seat monoplane of conventional taildragger configuration. Originally powered by a radial piston engine, most examples produced since the 1980s have been turboprop-powered.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of ContentsDesign and development[edit]Variants[edit]Snow Aeronautical[edit]Aero Commander[edit]Rockwell[edit]Marsh[edit]Ayres[edit]Thrush Aircraft[edit]Specifications (Thrush Commander 600)[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Bibliography[edit]External links[edit]Design and development[edit]  Early Snow S-2A of 1959 with open cockpit and roll-over protection bar at Santa Fe, New Mexico, June 1997, in pseudo-USAAF markingsThe Thrush, designed by Leland Snow, first flew in 1956 and before long was being produced in series as the S-2 by the company he founded, Snow Aeronautical.[1] In 1965, the corporation and all of its assets were purchased by the Aero Commander division of Rockwell, which put it into production alongside the CallAir A-9 that it had also acquired, branding both unrelated (though similar) machines as “Ag Commanders”. When Rockwell dropped the Aero Commander brand, the S-2 was renamed the “Thrush Commander”.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In 1977, Rockwell sold off the production rights to the aircraft and the production facility at Albany, Georgia, which were purchased by Ayres Corporation, a firm which had been built on retro-fitting turboprop engines to Thrush Commanders. On June 30, 2003, Ayres’ assets were purchased by Thrush Aircraft, the current producer of the aircraft.The S-2 and its several variants have been purchased by agricultural spraying operators in many countries. Large numbers are operated in the United States and Australia, while other countries using the type include Costa Rica, France, Guyana, Iran, Israel, Jamaica, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.Ayres developed a special anti-narcotics crop-spraying version of the Turbo-Thrush for the United States Department of State. This version, known as the Narcotics Eradication Delivery System (NEDS)[2][3] featured an armored cockpit and engine to protect against hostile ground fire. Nine were sold to the Department of State between 1983 and 1985.[4] Ayres also attempted to market a militarized version as the Ayres Vigilante, intended for the Close Air Support role, but this failed to attract customers.[5] IOMAX USA of North Carolina, which had previously modified Air Tractor AT-802 agricultural aircraft as reconnaissance\/attack aircraft, has developed the Archangel attack aircraft modeled on the S-2R-660. The United Arab Emirates has ordered 24 Archangels, with delivery from June 2015.[6]Two Thrush 510Gs were modified to perform a counter-insurgency role by the Austrian company Airborne Technologies at the direction of Erik Prince, the former head of Blackwater, but in the absence of an export license the aircraft have not been used operationally.[7]Variants[edit]          510G armed by Bulgarian LASA EngineeringSnow Aeronautical[edit](per Simpson, 2005, p.\u00a039)S-1initial prototype with open cockpit.S-2pre-production version of S-1 \u2013 3 built.S-2Ainitial production version, powered by Continental engine \u2013 73 built.S-2BS-2 powered by 450\u00a0hp (340\u00a0kW) Pratt & Whitney R-985 \u2013 19 built.S-2Crefined production version, wingspan increased 4\u00a0feet 6\u00a0inches (1.37\u00a0m)[8] \u2013 214 built.S-2C-600S-2C re-engined with Pratt & Whitney R-1340-AN1.S-2D6,000\u00a0lb (2,700\u00a0kg) take-off weight \u2013 105 built.Aero Commander[edit]S-2D Ag CommanderRockwell[edit]Thrush Commander 600Thrush Commander 800powered by Wright R-1300.Marsh[edit]S2R-T Turbo ThrushRockwell Thrush Commanders converted to turbine power by Marsh Aviation using Garrett AiResearch TPE331-1-101 engines.Ayres[edit]S-2R 1340equivalent to Thrush Commander 600.S-2R 1820Bull ThrushPezetel Thrushpowered by PZL-3.S-2R-Tturboprop powered versions equipped with Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A.Thrush Aircraft[edit]Thrush Model 400Thrush Model 510GGeneral Electric H80 powered[9]Thrush Model 510GRHoneywell TPE 331 powered[10]Thrush Model 510PPratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-34 powered[11]Thrush Model 550Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-65AG powered[12]Thrush Model 710Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-65AG powered[13]ArchangelThrush 550G modified as two-seat armed attack aircraft. 1,600\u00a0shp (1,200\u00a0kW) PT6A-67F engine. Fitted with 6 hardpoints for 6,000\u00a0lb (2,700\u00a0kg) of external stores.[14]Specifications (Thrush Commander 600)[edit]Data from Jane’s All The World’s Aircraft 1976-77 [15]General characteristicsCrew: oneCapacity: 400\u00a0US\u00a0gal (330\u00a0imp\u00a0gal; 1,500\u00a0L) liquids or3,280\u00a0lb (1,490\u00a0kg) dry chemicalsLength: 29\u00a0ft 2\u00a0in (8.89\u00a0m)Wingspan: 44\u00a0ft 4\u00a0in (13.51\u00a0m)Height: 9\u00a0ft 2\u00a0in (2.79\u00a0m)Wing area: 326.6\u00a0sq\u00a0ft (30.34\u00a0m2)Empty weight: 3,700\u00a0lb (1,678\u00a0kg)Max takeoff weight: 6,900\u00a0lb (3,130\u00a0kg)Fuel capacity: 106\u00a0US\u00a0gal (88\u00a0imp\u00a0gal; 400\u00a0L)Powerplant: 1 \u00d7 Pratt & Whitney R-1340 Wasp 9-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 600\u00a0hp (450\u00a0kW)Propellers: 2-bladed Hamilton-Standard 12D40 metal constant speed propellerPerformanceMaximum speed: 140\u00a0mph (230\u00a0km\/h, 120\u00a0kn)Cruise speed: 124\u00a0mph (200\u00a0km\/h, 108\u00a0kn) (70% power)Stall speed: 66\u00a0mph (106\u00a0km\/h, 57\u00a0kn) (at 6,000\u00a0lb (2,700\u00a0kg), flaps down)Ferry range: 403\u00a0mi (649\u00a0km, 350\u00a0nmi) (70% power)Service ceiling: 15,000\u00a0ft (4,600\u00a0m)Rate of climb: 900\u00a0ft\/min (4.6\u00a0m\/s)See also[edit]Related developmentAircraft of comparable role, configuration, and eraReferences[edit]^ a b Macdonald, 1964. p.138.^ “The Ayres Thrush & Rockwell Thrush Commander”. Airliners.net. Retrieved December 11, 2012.^ Trevithick, Joe. “The U.S. State Department has its own air force. And it’s surprisingly big”. The Week. The Week. Retrieved 4 August 2017.^ J. W. R. Taylor 1988, p. 328.^ “AYRES V-1-A Vigilante as COIN Aircraft”. Opus224’s Unofficial Philippine Defense Page. Archived from the original on June 24, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2012.^ Ayton Air International February 2017, pp. 25, 27.^ Scahill, Jeremy; Cole, Matthew (11 April 2016). “Echo Papa Exposed”. The Intercept. Retrieved 31 January 2017.^ “Snow S-2C Has Larger Wings, Ailerons”. 1964. Retrieved 14 November 2022. ^ Thrush Aircraft. “510G – Thrush Aircraft”. thrushaircraft.com. Retrieved 8 December 2016.^ Thrush Aircraft. “510GR – Thrush Aircraft”. thrushaircraft.com. Retrieved 8 December 2016.^ Thrush Aircraft, Thrush. “510P – Thrush Aircraft”. Retrieved 8 December 2016.^ Thrush Aircraft. “550P – Thrush Aircraft”. thrushaircraft.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.^ Thrush Aircraft. “710P – Thrush Aircraft”. thrushaircraft.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.^ Ayton Air International February 2017, pp. 25, 31.^ Taylor 1976, p.379.Bibliography[edit]Ayton, Mark. “Archangel: Crop Duster to Tank Buster”. Air International, Vol. 92, No. 2, February 2017. pp. 24\u201333. ISSN\u00a00306-5634.Green, William. Aircraft Handbook. London. Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1964.Simpson, Rod. The General Aviation Handbook. Midland Publishing. 2005. ISBN\u00a01-85780-222-5.Taylor, John W R. (editor). Jane’s All The World’s Aircraft 1976-77. London: Jane’s Yearbooks, 1976. ISBN\u00a00-354-00538-3.Taylor, John W R. (editor). Jane’s All The World’s Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1988. ISBN\u00a00-7106-0867-5.External links[edit]     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/ayres-thrush-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Ayres Thrush – Wikipedia"}}]}]