List of endemic plants in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

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Of the 3,300 species of flowering plants in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in southern India, 132 are endemic. The reserve encompasses portions of the Western Ghats and Nilgiri Hills in the states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. They are listed by plant family. Plants with an asterisk* are listed in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Plants with a dagger (†) are presumed extinct.[1]

Acanthaceae

  • Andrographis lobelioides
  • A. stellulata
  • Leptacanthus amabilis
  • Mackenziea homotropa
  • M. violacea
  • Nilgirianthus papillosus
  • N. wighteanus
  • Phlebophyllum lanatum
  • Plecaulis sessilis
  • Rhinacanthus nasutus var. montanus
  • Thelepaepale bicolor

Adoxaceae

Amaranthaceae

Annonaceae

Apiaceae

Apocynaceae

Aquifoliaceae

Araceae

  • Arisaema auriculatum
  • A. pulchrum
  • A. transluscens
  • A. tuberculatum
  • A. tylophorum

Arecaceae

  • Calamus gamblei var sphaerocarpa

Asclepiadaceae

  • Brachystelma maculatum
  • Caralluma nilagiriana

Asteraceae

  • Anaphalis neelgeiryana
  • A. notoniana
  • Helichrysum wightii
  • Senecio kundaicus
  • S. lawsonii
  • S. lessigianus
  • S. polycephalus
  • Vemonia saligina var nilghirensis
  • Youngia nilgirriensis

Balsaminaceae

  • Impatiens clavicornus
  • I. debilis
  • I. denisonii
  • I. laticornis
  • I. levengei
  • I. munronii
  • I. neo-barnesii
  • I. nilagirica
  • I. orchioides

Celastraceae

Chrysobalanaceae

Commelinaceae

Convolvulaceae

Cyperaceae

  • Carex christii
  • C. pseudo-asperata
  • C. vicinalis
  • C. curvibracteatus
  • Fimbristylis latiniglumifera
  • F. latinucifera
  • F. rectifolia

Eriocaulaceae

  • Eriocaulon christopheri
  • E. gamblei
  • E. pectinatum*
  • E. robustum*

Euphorbiaceae

  • Dalechampia velutina
  • Glochidion sisparense
  • Mallotus subramanyamii
  • Reidia timbriata

Fabaceae

  • Acacia hohenackeri
  • Crotalaria bidei
  • C. formosa
  • C. obtecta
  • Dalbergia gardneriana
  • Tephrosia wynaadensis

Gentianaceae

Labiatae

  • Anisochilus dysophylloides var purpureus
  • Leucas pubescens
  • L. rosmarinifolia
  • Pogostemon nilagiricus
  • P. paludosus
  • Teucrium wightii

Lauraceae

Loranthaceae

  • Dendrophthoe memecylifolia
  • D. neelgherrensis var clarkei
  • Loranthus recurvus

Melastomataceae

  • Memecylon flavescens*
  • M. lawsonii
  • M. sisparense*
  • Sonerila versicolor var. axillaris
  • S. wynaadensis

Myrtaceae

Orchidaceae

  • Aerides elatoir
  • Bulbophyllum acutiflorum
  • B. aureum
  • B. fusco-purpureum
  • B. kaitiense
  • B. nodosum
  • Coelogyne odoratissima var. angustifolia
  • Corymborkis veratifolia
  • Eria nana
  • E. polystachya
  • Habenaria cephalotes
  • H. denticulata
  • H. polyodon
  • Liparis biloba
  • Malaxis crenulata
  • Spiranthes sinensis var. wightiana
  • Thrixspermum muscaeflorum var nilagiricum
  • Vanda wightii

Oxalidaceae

Pittosporaceae

Poaceae

  • Andropogon longipes
  • A. polyptychus
  • Arudinella purpurea
  • A. setosa var nilgiriana
  • Brachiaria semiundulata
  • Eriochrysis rangacharii
  • Garnotia schmidii
  • Isachne deccanensis
  • I. nilagiricum
  • I. oreades
  • Ochlandra beddomei
  • O. setigera
  • Panicum fischeri
  • Poa gamblei

Primulaceae

  • Embelia gardneriana
  • Maesa velutina*

Ranunculaceae

Rubiaceae

  • Hedyotis hirsutissima
  • Lasianthus ciliatus
  • Oldenlandia hirsutissima
  • O. sisparensis
  • Ophiorrhiza brunois var brunois
  • O. pykarensis*
  • Pavetta brunois
  • P. hohenhackeri
  • P. wightii

Rutaceae

Sapotaceae

Smilacaceae

Symplocaceae

  • Symplocos microphylla
  • S. pulchra

Umbelliferae

  • Bupleurum plantaginifolium
  • Heracleum hookerianum

Urticaceae

  • Pouzolzia wightii f.var. nilghirensis

Viscaceae

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ranjit Daniels, R. J. (1996). The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve: A Review of Conservation Status with Recommendations for a Wholistic Approach to Management. Working Paper No. 16, 1996. UNESCO (South-South Cooperation Programme), Paris. [1]