[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/russian-boxing-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/russian-boxing-wikipedia\/","headline":"Russian boxing – Wikipedia","name":"Russian boxing – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 A lubok depiction of the “Wall on Wall” (Stenka na Stenku) fist fighting. Russian boxing (Russian: \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439, romanized:\u00a0Kulachniy","datePublished":"2020-01-12","dateModified":"2020-01-12","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/80\/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA.jpg\/260px-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/80\/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA.jpg\/260px-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA.jpg","height":"278","width":"260"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/russian-boxing-wikipedia\/","wordCount":6379,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4  A lubok depiction of the “Wall on Wall” (Stenka na Stenku) fist fighting.Russian boxing (Russian: \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439, romanized:\u00a0Kulachniy Boy, lit.\u2009‘fist fighting, pugilism’) is the traditional bare-knuckle boxing of Rus’ and then Russia. Boxers will often train by punching buckets of sand to strengthen bones, and prepare minutes before the fights.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of Contents       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4History[edit]Rules and types[edit]Fist fighting in Russian popular culture[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]History[edit]The earliest accounts concerning the sport date to the 13th century.[1]Supposedly,[by whom?] fist fighting was practiced even prior to the Christianization of Kievan Rus’, at celebrations dedicated to Perun.[dubious  \u2013 discuss][2]Metropolite Kiril, in 1274, created another one of many personally-instituted rules, declaring expulsion from Christianity for any of those who fist-fight and do not sing a prayer or hymn at the burial of someone who died during a fist fight.[unreliable source?][3] The government itself never supported, but also never opposed fist fighting.[3]Russian boyars used the sport as mass entertainment, and acquired the best fighters for competitions.[4]The fights most often took place in holiday times and in crowded places. In winter it took place on ice. First the young children fought, then every pair was more grown up than the previous, ending with the last and most notable fist fighters.[5][6]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In two orders released in 1684 and 1686 fist fighting was forbidden, but the sport continued to live.[7][8]All regions had their heroes at the sport, but the region with the most famous ones historically is Tula.[9][10]There are documents saying Peter the Great liked to organize fist fights “in order to show the ability of the Russian people”.[11]In 1751, a mass fist fight took place on a street in Saint Petersburg, which came to the attention of Empress Elizabeth of Russia. After that the Empress forbade the organization of fist fights on the territory of Moscow and Saint Petersburg.[3]During the reign of Catherine the Great, the popularity of fist fighting was growing again,[11] and it is said that Count Orlov was a good fist fighter himself and even invited notable fist fighters to compare powers.[11]In 1832, Nicholas I of Russia completely forbade fist fights as “harmful fun”.[3]K.V. Gradopolov, then the most important Soviet specialist in Boxing, authored a 1941 work about using proper technique when fist-fighting. In that book, he offered a new exercise, called “group boxing”, and he mentioned it was an ancient Russian sport (what he was talking about, was the “Stenka na Stenku” version).[12]Rules and types[edit]Every region in Russia incorporated different rules unlike the sport of boxing. In some places they fought with bare arms, while in other they stretched the sleeves over the fists. There were cases where participants would cheat by putting iron under their sleeves.[13]There are three types of Russian fist fighting: the first is the singles type, a one-on-one fight; the second type is a team fight also known as “wall on wall”. The third one, “catch drop”, was the least practiced.[14][15] There were several versions of the singles fight. One version was like modern boxing, where one fighter hits the other wherever he wants or can. The other version is when the fighters take turns hitting each other. Escaping from a punch, answering it not on turn, and moving aside were not allowed; all that could be done was to use the hands to try to protect one’s own body.[16] Victory could come in few cases: when one of the fighters falls, till first blood, or till one of the fighters gives up.[17]The “wall-on-wall” fight (with anywhere from dozen to several hundreds participants) was performed strictly by rules and could go on for hours. Both “walls” had a chief fighter, who served as a tactician and a commanding officer. “Walls” themselves were tight straight formations 3-4 ranks deep. Repeated attacks were performed, aiming to push the opposing “wall” out of the game area. Basic tactics were used, such as breaching using heavy fighters (who were usually held in reserve), encircling, false retreat and others; but as a rule, tight wall formation never broke. Tactics also included battle planning. The “wall-on-wall” fights, while performed for entertainment, were in fact close to military training. For example, notable ethnographer V. Gilyarovsky recalled that during his voluntary service in an infantry regiment soldiers often staged wall-on-wall fistfights with factory workers.[18]A famous phrase in Russian, “Do not hit a man when he’s down”, has roots in that sport.[19]Fist fighting in Russian popular culture[edit]  As for centuries fist fighting was so popular and was such a part of Russian folk life,[20] it occurred frequently in Russian literature and art.The most famous portrayal of a Russian fistfight is in Mikhail Lermontov’s poem, The Song of the Merchant Kalashnikov. There, the fistfight tales place as a form of honor duel between an oprichnik (government police agent) and a merchant. It is notable that, according to Lermontov, both characters use combat gloves (‘rukavitsy’ \u2014 reinforced mittens). Though it may be an example of poetic license, the poem states that the first connected blow by Kalashnikov bent a large bronze cross hanging from his opponent’s neck, and the second fractured the opponent’s temple, killing him. The fight also features in the opera The Merchant Kalashnikov by Anton Rubinstein (1880).In the 19th century Sergei Aksakov watched famous fist fights in the Kaban frozen lake in Kazan, and later wrote about them in his “Story about student life”. Some decades later, at the same lake, the young future opera-singer Feodor Chaliapin took part in a similar fight: “From one side came we, the Russians of Kazan, from the other side the Tatars. We fought hard without feeling sorry for ourselves, but never broke the historic rules of not to hit one that is already down, not to kick, and not to keep iron up one’s sleeves”.[21] Later the young Chaliapin was attacked in a fight over a girl, but thanks to his proficiency in fist fighting, he won. He wrote: “He jumped to beat me, and even though I was afraid of the police, learning fist fighting at the frozen lakes of Kazan helped me, and he humiliatingly lost”.[22]The Russian poet Sergei Yesenin in his autobiography notes “About myself” told that his grandfather taught him fist fighting.[23]One of the heroes in the book “Thief” by the Soviet novelist Leonid Leonov said: “In childhood, it happened, only in fist fights I found real friends… And was never wrong! Because only in a fight the whole human nature comes out”.[24]Claims have been made that the Russian nobility favoured fistfights over duels, but on the other hand it has been suggested that the nobility actually were against fistfights and preferred weapons.[25]See also[edit]References[edit]Notes^ Russian Fist Fighting. “\u041b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0431 \u043d\u0435\u0439, \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 XIII \u0432. [Our sources talked about it already at the 13th century.]”^ Sevostyanov, V. \u041c.; Burtsev, G. \u0410.; Pshenitsyn, \u0410. V. (1991). \u0420\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439 [Russian Pugilism]. Moscow: Data Strom. p.\u00a0190. ISBN\u00a0978-5-7130-0003-5.^ a b c d “The Russian Civilization”. \u041a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0451\u0432. Archived from the original on May 19, 2007. Retrieved 28 August 2008.^ Sakharov, Ivan P., \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, p. 129. “\u0411\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0435, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. [There was a time when Russian boyars when came together to have fun, brought from different cities fighters for fun.]”^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0434\u044b. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438, \u0430 \u0443\u0436 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c – \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b. [Only after a while the strongest ones were brought. The first were the kids, then teens, then lads, and only then grown up men.] “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ Labzyuk, Sergei, “\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430: \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. “\u0411\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044c\u0434\u0443. \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043a. \u0417\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e-\u043f\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u0446\u044b. [The fights usually took place at holidays and in rural areas, and in winter most often on ice. First the boys were let in, and then more and more grown ups. The best fighters were kept for the end.]”^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1897). The Pupils of Peter the Great: A History of the Russian Court and Empire from 1697 to 1740. Westminster: A. Constable and Co. p.\u00a089. ISBN\u00a0978-0-548-05007-1. …Thus a Ukaz was issued to put a stop to the brutality of the Kulachny boi, or fist-fight. This popular game was not abolished, but those who chose to amuse themselves thereby, were to do so, in future, under police supervision …^ Russian Fist Fighting. “\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 1684 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2, 1686 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 19 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0438… \u0411\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0443\u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u0446\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u044e.” (With orders released in 1684, and 1686, Fist fights were forbidden… The old people, with their stories about the sport encouraged the young people to continue with it)^ Russian Fist Fighting. “\u0422\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e\u0432.” (Tulas fighters were always glorious, but every place had its heroes)^ Sakharov, Ivan P., \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, p. 129. “\u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 [The best fighters in one-on-one were considered Tula’s fighters.]”^ a b c Romanenko, M. I. \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b “\u041b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0424\u0438\u0437\u0442\u0435\u0445”, “\u0424\u0438\u0437\u0442\u0435\u0445-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440”. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 [A brief historical overview of the development of boxing as a sport] (in Russian). Retrieved 1 August 2012.[verification needed]^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0443 \u041a. \u0412. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u00bb. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0430 (\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438) \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u00ab\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443\u00bb. (In 1941 the leading Soviet specialist in boxing K.V. Gradopolov told in his box about methods to teach soldiers how to fight with fists. He there offered a new exercise, ‘group boxing’. He said there that the prototype of the ‘group boxing’ was the Russian folk sport “Wall on Wall”] “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ Sakharov, Ivan P., \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, p. 129. “\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0438\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u0446\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0431\u043a\u0438-\u0447\u0443\u0433\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. [Often it occurred, that weak fighters inserted iron into their sleeves]”^ Sakharov, Ivan P., \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, p. 129. “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f: \u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d, \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u2014\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0443, \u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043a\u0430-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430. [There were different types of fist fighting. The most famous was a one-on-one, after that the wall on wall, and the least famous was the catch-drop.”]^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445: \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d (\u00ab\u0441\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u00bb), \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043a\u0430\u2013\u0441\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u00bb. [Fist fighting was practiced in three ways. One-on-one, wall on wall, and catch-drop.”] “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ Labzyuk, Sergei, “\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430: \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. “\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439 ‘\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440’ \u0438\u043b\u0438 ‘\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437’, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438. \u0423\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430. [There was also a fist fighting type ‘hit on hit’ or ‘one for one’, when the opponents gave punches on turn. Evading a punch, answering it not on turn, moving one’s legs was not allowed. All could be done was to use the hands to try to protect the more painful areas]”^ Labzyuk, Sergei, “\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430: \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. “\u0411\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c: – \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c (\u0434\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439) – \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 – \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439 ‘\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440’ \u0438\u043b\u0438 ‘\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437’, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438. \u0423\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430. [There were different types of rules. 1. Till one falls. 2. Till first blood. 3. Till one gives up.]”^ \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0438 \u0421\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c magazine, No. 7 1998 Archived January 17, 2008, at the Wayback Machine^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439, \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u044e: \u00ab\u041b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044c\u044e\u0442\u00bb. [One of the rules of fist fighting even turned into a well-known phrase, which showed the Russian nobility: “Do not hit a man when he’s down.”] “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u0428\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432, \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438: \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0447\u0443\u0434\u044c, \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b, \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0446\u044b. \u0418 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435.” (The wide territory the fist fight was practiced on brought the sport to other nations like the Tatars, Mordvins, and many others) “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u0415\u0449\u0435 \u0432 1806 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0421. \u0422. \u0410\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044c\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043d, \u0438 \u0432\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438\u00bb. \u0410 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0436\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0445 \u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0424. \u0418. \u0428\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043f\u0438\u043d. \u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u043e\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438: \u00ab\u0421\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043c\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0420\u0443\u0441\u044c, \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 – \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b. \u0414\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0430\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0449\u0430\u0434\u044f \u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f, \u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b: \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 – \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435, \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00bb.” “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0432\u0438 – \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 – \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0445\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043d, \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0431\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u00ab\u041e\u043d \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f. \u041d\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443, \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u00bb.” “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22.  “\u00ab\u0414\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0431\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u0422\u044b \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f, \u0434\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0436\u044c, \u043e\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0447\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442!\u00bb. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442 \u0432 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u00ab\u041e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435\u00bb.” (Sometimes my grandfather teased me to fist fight and told my grandmother: “You, my stupid, don’t touch him. That way he’ll be tougher”. That’s what the poet himself wrote in the autobiographic notes “About Myself”) “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. “\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0412\u043e\u0440\u00bb \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442: \u00ab\u0412 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435, \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f… \u0418 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f! \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u044e \u00ab\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0430\u00bb.” (One of the heroes in the book “Thief” by the Soviet novelist Leonid Leonov said: “In childhood, it happened, only in fist fights I found real friends… And was never wrong! Because only in a fight the whole human nature comes out”) “\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0439”. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-22.^ Beltrame, Franca (2001). “On the Russian Duel: Problems of Interpretation”. The Slavic and East European Journal. 45 (4): 741\u2013746. doi:10.2307\/3086132. JSTOR\u00a03086132. There was a claim brought up that the Russian nobility preferred fistfights over duels, which is a lie because they have seen fist fighting as disgracefulWorks citedExternal links[edit]     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki12\/russian-boxing-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Russian boxing – Wikipedia"}}]}]