[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/eva-smolkova-keulemansova-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/eva-smolkova-keulemansova-wikipedia\/","headline":"Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 – Wikipedia","name":"Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 is a survivor of Auschwitz, Neuengamme, and Bergen-Belsen concentration camps. After her liberation,","datePublished":"2015-10-25","dateModified":"2015-10-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-logo.png","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-logo.png","height":"101","width":"135"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/eva-smolkova-keulemansova-wikipedia\/","wordCount":2653,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaEva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 is a survivor of Auschwitz, Neuengamme, and Bergen-Belsen concentration camps. After her liberation, she became a renowned Czech scientist and professor of analytical science at Charles University in Prague.[1]Early life[edit]Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 was born on April 27, 1927, in Prague, the Czech Republic (then Czechoslovakia) to a Jewish family. She had a normal childhood in Czechoslovakia as an only child to her parents Alice and Oskar. She finished primary school and had started grammar school but was taken out of school by her father after anti-Jewish laws had started to apply to grammar schools. She was employed at various Jewish workshops after leaving school.[1]The Holocaust[edit]On March 6, 1943, Eva and her parents were transported to the Theresienstadt Ghetto in Terez\u00edn, where her father was separated from her and her mother.[2] In Terez\u00edn, she worked in agriculture, so she was able to go into the ghetto and managed to make contact with her father. In December 1943, she and her mother were transferred to Auschwitz concentration camp, where she stayed until June 1944.[3] After six months of horrible conditions at Auschwitz, Eva and her mother were unexpectedly recognized as able to work and were relocated to the Dessauer Ufer camp of the Neuengamme concentration camp in Hamburg, where she experienced better conditions.[4] Her final transport was without her mother to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in April 1945, which was liberated the same month.[4]After Liberation[edit]Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 suffered from dysentery, jaundice, typhus and tuberculosis after liberation. She could not give an address to anyone she knew in Prague, so the International Red Cross did not allow her to return to her country of origin. To receive medical treatment, she was selected to go to Sweden for a six-month recovery stay with 6,000 other prisoners.[5]Return to Prague[edit]In November 1945, Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1’s dream to return to Prague and continue her studies became a reality. She completed grammar school and realized that her biggest struggle in her supplementary exams was chemistry, so she began to study chemistry at Charles University in Prague, leading to her lifelong devotion and love for the subject. She graduated from the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Charles University in 1952.[6]“The First Lady of Chromatography”[edit]After graduating, Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 joined the Faculty of Sciences at Charles University and focused on analytical chemistry. In the early 1950s, she built a team focused on modern analytical separation methods such as gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and electromigration. At this same time, she attended an analytical conference in Prague, leading to her finding a volumetric chromatographic device. Her team began to prepare its own device with volumetric detection, and constructed a more universal glass thermal conductivity detector, allowing them to analyze a larger variety of gas. Little did she know that this was a new idea and, soon after, this detector became part of a commercially available instrument.[6] Because of her innovation and dedication to the field, people started telling her that she was “the first lady of chromatography”.[2]Recognition[edit]Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 became one of the leading experts in the field of chromatography. She was the first professor of chemistry in the Czech Republic and one of the first in Europe.[5] Not only did she continue her studies in chemistry, but she also focused on polarography, a PhD focused on gas chromatography and a DrSc concentrated on inclusion compounds in chromatography.[6] In the early 1970s, inclusion complex formations in selective analytical separations became a major focus of Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1’s, her first choice being cyclodextrins, but moving on with urea and thiourea for the separation of isomers. Her research on cyclodextrins started soon after her methods focused on gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and electromigration. Her research became more widespread and she was asked to add many monographs on cyclodextrins, one of them being for a compendium on supramolecular chemistry edited by Jean-Marie Lehn.[6] She has written and co-written 140 original papers and numerous reviews and has contributed to many books, including her work in Journal of High-Resolution Chromatography, “A Few Milestones on the Journey of Chromatography”, and an article in the journal Chromatographia, “Study of retention of isomeric aromatic hydrocarbons on GTCB and cyclodextrins”.[6][7]References[edit]^ a b “Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 (1927)”. www.memoryofnations.eu. Retrieved April 27, 2020.^ a b “Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 (1927)”. www.pametnaroda.cz (in Czech). Retrieved April 27, 2020.^ “Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1”. Encyklopedie Prahy 2 (in Czech). January 4, 2019. Retrieved April 27, 2020.^ a b Reszczy\u0144sk\u00e1, Mark\u00e9ta (April 18, 2020). “Kr\u00e1lovna \u010desk\u00e9 chemie Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1: Bergen-Belsen byl druh\u00fd horor”. Den\u00edk (in Czech). Retrieved April 27, 2020.^ a b Veronika Kratochv\u00edlov\u00e1 (January 27, 2015). “5 nejpozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch \u017didovek, kter\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eily holokaust”. .cz (in Czech). Retrieved April 27, 2020.^ a b c d e “The First Lady of Chromatography”. The Analytical Scientist. Retrieved April 27, 2020.^ Smolkov\u00e1\u2010Keulemansov\u00e1, Eva (2000). “A Few Milestones on the Journey of Chromatography”. Journal of High Resolution Chromatography (in French). 23 (7\u20138): 497\u2013501. doi:10.1002\/1521-4168(20000801)23:7\/83.0.CO;2-S. ISSN\u00a01521-4168.– Kalashnikova, E.; Shcherbakova, K.; Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1, E.; Feltl, L. (1992-10-01). “Study of retention of isomeric aromatic hydrocarbons on GTCB and cyclodextrins”. Chromatographia. 33 (1\u20132): 10\u201312. doi:10.1007\/BF02276843. S2CID\u00a094396818.Wikimedia ErrorOur servers are currently under maintenance or experiencing a technical problem.Please try again in a few\u00a0minutes.See the error message at the bottom of this page for more\u00a0information. "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/eva-smolkova-keulemansova-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Eva Smolkov\u00e1-Keulemansov\u00e1 – Wikipedia"}}]}]