Li Zhaoping – Wikipedia

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Chinese scientist

Li Zhaoping,[3] born in Shanghai, China, is a neuroscientist at the University of Tübingen in Germany.[4] She is the only woman to win the first place in CUSPEA, an annual national physics competition[5] in China, during CUSPEA’s 10-year history (1979–1989). She proposed V1 Saliency Hypothesis (V1SH), and is the author of Understanding vision: theory, models, and data[6] published by Oxford University Press.

Education[edit]

Li Zhaoping graduated from Fudan University in Shanghai in 1984 with a bachelor’s degree in physics.[7]
During 1984 to 1989, she did her Ph.D. study in Physics in California Institute of Technology.[8] Her Ph.D. supervisor was John J Hopfield.[9]

After a brief stay in Fermilab, Zhaoping was a member for Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in 1990–1992,[10] and then was a postdoctoral fellow in Rockefeller University in 1992–1994.

In 1998, Li Zhaoping, together with Geoffrey Hinton and Peter Dayan, co-founded the Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit in University College London.[11][12]

Currently, Li Zhaoping is a professor at the University of Tübingen.[13] She is also the head of the department of Sensory and Sensorimotor Systems[4] in Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics.

Personal life[edit]

She is married to Prof. Peter Dayan, the director of the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics.

Research and theory[edit]

Li Zhaoping is known as the creator of the V1 Saliency Hypothesis, V1SH (pronounced ‘vish’), that the primary visual cortex (V1) in primates creates a saliency map of the visual field to guide visual attention or gaze shifts exogenously.[1][14]

Proposed in the late-1990s, V1SH was unpopular initially, since it was contrary to the main and popular idea that the frontal and parietal areas of the brain are responsible for the saliency map.[15] As V1SH gathered more experimental support,[16][17][18] Zhaoping became more sought after for keynote or invited speeches in international conferences,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and V1SH rises from being unpopular to being controversial. Some report experimental data for the theory,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] while others report evidence against it.[34] It is argued that if V1SH holds, then the framework to understand how our brain solves the vision problem should be substantially changed.[35]

Zhaoping also used a model to propose that feedback from the olfactory cortex to the olfactory bulb serves to segment odors from background for individual odor recognition and carries out other top-down controls,[36] this proposal predicts and explains a diversity of behavioral and neural data.[36]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Li, Zhaoping (2002-01-01). “A saliency map in primary visual cortex”. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 6 (1): 9–16. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01817-9. ISSN 1364-6613. PMID 11849610. S2CID 13411369.
  2. ^ Zhaoping, Li (2014-05-08). Understanding Vision: Theory, Models, and Data. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-956466-8.
  3. ^ “Li Zhaoping 李兆平”.
  4. ^ a b “Department for Sensory and Sensorimotor Systems”. www.kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
  5. ^ “CUSPEA 84”. CUSPEA 10 Years. July 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-07-20. Li Zhaoping is the first in the list
  6. ^ Zhaoping, Li (2014-05-08). Understanding Vision: Theory, Models, and Data. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-956466-8.
  7. ^ “Shanghai FORUM – Li Zhaoping”. www.shanghaiforum.fudan.edu.cn. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
  8. ^ Li, Zhaoping (1990). A model of the olfactory bulb and beyond (phd thesis). California Institute of Technology.
  9. ^ “Physics Tree – John J. Hopfield”. academictree.org. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
  10. ^ “Zhaoping Li”. Institute for Advanced Study. Retrieved 2019-12-03.
  11. ^ “Peter Dayan and Li Zhaoping appointed to the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics”. www.mpg.de. Retrieved 2019-12-15.
  12. ^ “Pounds 10m centre to unlock brain’s secrets”. Times Higher Education (THE). 1998-01-16. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
  13. ^ “Research Groups | University of Tübingen”. uni-tuebingen.de. Retrieved 2019-12-03.
  14. ^ Li, Zhaoping (1999-08-31). “Contextual influences in V1 as a basis for pop out and asymmetry in visual search”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 96 (18): 10530–10535. Bibcode:1999PNAS…9610530L. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10530. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 17923. PMID 10468643.
  15. ^ Itti, Laurent; Koch, Christof (March 2001). “Computational modelling of visual attention” (PDF). Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2 (3): 194–203. doi:10.1038/35058500. ISSN 1471-0048. PMID 11256080. S2CID 2329233.
  16. ^ Zhaoping, Li (2008-05-01). “Attention capture by eye of origin singletons even without awareness—A hallmark of a bottom-up saliency map in the primary visual cortex”. Journal of Vision. 8 (5): 1.1–18. doi:10.1167/8.5.1. ISSN 1534-7362. PMID 18842072.
  17. ^ Yan, Yin; Zhaoping, Li; Li, Wu (2018-10-09). “Bottom-up saliency and top-down learning in the primary visual cortex of monkeys”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115 (41): 10499–10504. doi:10.1073/pnas.1803854115. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6187116. PMID 30254154.
  18. ^ Zhang, X.; Zhaoping, L.; Zhou, T.; Fang, F. (January 12, 2012). “Neural Activities in V1 Create a Bottom-Up Saliency Map” (PDF). Neuron. 73 (1): 183–192. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.10.035. PMID 22243756. S2CID 9767861.
  19. ^ “Cosyne 07 – COSYNE”. www.cosyne.org. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  20. ^ “CNS 2020”. www.cnsorg.org. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  21. ^ “Visual Perception meets Computational Neuroscience | www.ecvp.uni-bremen.de”. www.ecvp.uni-bremen.de. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  22. ^ “Q-bio 2015: Confirmed Invited Speakers – Q-bio”. q-bio.org. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  23. ^ “Welcome to the 14th annual APCV and the 3rd CVSC”. www.hk14888.com. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  24. ^ “SCiNDU: Systems and Computational Neuroscience Down Under”. The Brain Dialogue. 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  25. ^ “ESI Systems Neuroscience Conference 2019”.
  26. ^ “Shanghai FORUM – Li Zhaoping”. www.shanghaiforum.fudan.edu.cn. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  27. ^ Theeuwes, Jan (2010-10-01). “Top–down and bottom–up control of visual selection”. Acta Psychologica. 135 (2): 77–99. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2010.02.006. ISSN 0001-6918. PMID 20507828.
  28. ^ Bisley, James W.; Goldberg, Michael E. (2010). “Attention, Intention, and Priority in the Parietal Lobe”. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 33 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-060909-152823. PMC 3683564. PMID 20192813.
  29. ^ Schwartz, Odelia; Hsu, Anne; Dayan, Peter (July 2007). “Space and time in visual context”. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 8 (7): 522–535. doi:10.1038/nrn2155. ISSN 1471-0048. PMID 17585305. S2CID 42893510.
  30. ^ Zhang, Xilin; Zhaoping, Li; Zhou, Tiangang; Fang, Fang (2012-01-12). “Neural Activities in V1 Create a Bottom-Up Saliency Map”. Neuron. 73 (1): 183–192. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.10.035. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 22243756.
  31. ^ Donk, Mieke; van Zoest, Wieske (July 2008). “Effects of salience are short-lived” (PDF). Psychological Science. 19 (7): 733–739. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02149.x. ISSN 1467-9280. PMID 18727790. S2CID 15304219.
  32. ^ Töllner, Thomas; Zehetleitner, Michael; Gramann, Klaus; Müller, Hermann J. (2011-01-21). “Stimulus Saliency Modulates Pre-Attentive Processing Speed in Human Visual Cortex”. PLOS ONE. 6 (1): e16276. Bibcode:2011PLoSO…616276T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016276. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3025013. PMID 21283699.
  33. ^ Maunsell, John H.R. (2015). “Neuronal Mechanisms of Visual Attention”. Annual Review of Vision Science. 1 (1): 373–391. doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-082114-035431. PMC 8279254. PMID 28532368.
  34. ^ White, Brian J.; Kan, Janis Y.; Levy, Ron; Itti, Laurent; Munoz, Douglas P. (2017-08-29). “Superior colliculus encodes visual saliency before the primary visual cortex”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (35): 9451–9456. doi:10.1073/pnas.1701003114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5584409. PMID 28808026.
  35. ^ Zhaoping, Li (2019-10-01). “A new framework for understanding vision from the perspective of the primary visual cortex”. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. Computational Neuroscience. 58: 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2019.06.001. ISSN 0959-4388. PMID 31271931. S2CID 195806018.
  36. ^ a b Zhaoping, Li (2016-10-01). “Olfactory object recognition, segmentation, adaptation, target seeking, and discrimination by the network of the olfactory bulb and cortex: computational model and experimental data”. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences. 11: 30–39. doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.03.009. ISSN 2352-1546. S2CID 27989941.


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