[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/ljudevit-gaj-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/ljudevit-gaj-wikipedia\/","headline":"Ljudevit Gaj – Wikipedia","name":"Ljudevit Gaj – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Croatian academic, linguist, writer and politician Ljudevit Gaj (Croatian:\u00a0[\u028e\u00fbde\u028bit \u0261\u00e2\u02d0j]; born Ludwig Gay;[1][2]Hungarian: G\u00e1j Lajos;","datePublished":"2016-03-28","dateModified":"2016-03-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Kratka_osnova_horvatsko-slavenskoga_pravopisanja.jpg\/170px-Kratka_osnova_horvatsko-slavenskoga_pravopisanja.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Kratka_osnova_horvatsko-slavenskoga_pravopisanja.jpg\/170px-Kratka_osnova_horvatsko-slavenskoga_pravopisanja.jpg","height":"292","width":"170"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki19\/ljudevit-gaj-wikipedia\/","wordCount":2776,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaCroatian academic, linguist, writer and politicianLjudevit Gaj (Croatian:\u00a0[\u028e\u00fbde\u028bit \u0261\u00e2\u02d0j]; born Ludwig Gay;[1][2]Hungarian: G\u00e1j Lajos; 8 August 1809 \u2013 20 April 1872) was a Croatian linguist, politician, journalist and writer. He was one of the central figures of the pan-Slavist Illyrian movement.Table of ContentsBiography[edit]Origin[edit]Orthography and other work[edit]Death[edit]Linguistic legacy[edit]Personal[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Biography[edit]Origin[edit]He was born in Krapina (then in Vara\u017edin County, Kingdom of Croatia, Austrian Empire) on August 8, 1809.[3] His father Johann Gay was a German immigrant from Hungarian Slovakia, and his mother was Juliana n\u00e9e  Schmidt, the daughter of a German immigrant arriving in the 1770s.[4][5]The Gays were originally of Burgundian Huguenot origin. They arrived in Batizovce in present-day Slovakia in 16th or 17th century. Thence they became serfs of Mariassy de Markusfalva and Batizfalva families in 18th century. As there were a lot of ethnic Germans in that area, the Gays were soon Germanised. Ljudevit’s father originates from a branch that moved to the village of Marku\u0161ovce.[6]Ljudevit completed high school in Vara\u017edin, Zagreb and Karlovac, and he studied philosophy in Vienna and Graz (graduated in 1828) and law in Budapest (1829-1831).[3]Orthography and other work[edit]  Concise Basis for a Croatian-Slavonic Orthography (1830)Gaj started publishing very early; his 36-page booklet on stately manors in his native district, written in his native German, appeared already in 1826 as Die Schl\u00f6sser bei Krapina.[7][8]In Buda in 1830 Gaj’s Latin alphabet was published [9][10] (“Concise Basis for a Croatian-Slavonic Orthography”), which was the first common Croatian orthography book (after the works of Ignjat \u0110ur\u0111evi\u0107 and Pavao Ritter Vitezovi\u0107). The book was printed bilingually, in Croatian and German. The Croatians used the Latin alphabet, but some of the specific sounds were not uniformly represented. Gaj followed the example of Pavao Ritter Vitezovi\u0107 and the Czech orthography, using one letter of the Latin script for each sound in the language. He used diacritics and the digraphs lj and nj.The book helped Gaj achieve nationwide fame. In 1834 he succeeded where fifteen years before \u0110uro Matija \u0160porer had failed, i.e. obtaining an agreement from the royal government of the Habsburg monarchy to publish a Croatian daily newspaper. He was known as an intellectual leader thereafter.On 6 January 1835, Novine Horvatske (“The Croatian News”) appeared, and on 10 January the literary supplement Danicza horvatzka, slavonzka y dalmatinzka (“The Croatian, Slavonian, and Dalmatian Daystar”). The “Novine Horvatske” were printed in Kajkavian dialect until the end of that year, while “Danic[z]a” was printed in Shtokavian dialect along with Kajkavian.In early 1836 the publications’ names were changed to Ilirske narodne novine (“The Illyrian People’s News”) and Danica ilirska (“The Illyrian Morning Star”) respectively. This was because historians at the time hypothesised Illyrians had been Slavic and were the direct forefathers of the present-day South Slavs.In addition to his intellectual work, Gaj was also a poet. His most popular poem was “Jo\u0161 Hrvatska ni propala” (“Croatia is not in ruin yet”), which was written in 1833.Death[edit]Gaj died in Zagreb, Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary, in 1872 at the age of 62.[3]Linguistic legacy[edit]  The Latin alphabet used in the Serbo-Croatian language is credited to Gaj’s Kratka osnova Hrvatskog pravopisa.Gaj followed the example of Pavao Ritter Vitezovi\u0107 and the Czech orthography, making one letter of the Latin script for each sound in the language. Following Vuk Karad\u017ei\u0107  reform of Cyrillic in the early nineteenth century, Ljudevit Gaj in the 1830s performed the same operation on Latin, using the Czech system and producing a one-to-one symbol correlation between Cyrillic and Latin as applied to the Serbian or Croatian parallel system.[11] The Slovenian alphabet, introduced in the mid-1840s, is also a variation of Gaj’s Latin alphabet, from which it differs by the lack of the letters \u0107 and \u0111.Personal[edit]He married 26-year-old Paulina Krizmani\u0107, niece of an abbott, in 1842 at Marija Bistrica. They had five children: daughter Ljuboslava, and sons Velimir, Svetoslav, Milivoje, and Bogdan.[12]In 2008, a total of 211 streets in Croatia were named after Ljudevit Gaj, making him the fourth most common person eponym of streets in the country.[13]See also[edit]References[edit]^ Hauser, Otto (1915). Die Lyrik des Auslands seit 1800. Leipzig: R. Voigtl\u00e4nder. p.\u00a0160.^ Ognjenovi\u0107, Gorana; Jozeli\u0107, Jasna (2014). Politicization of Religion, the Power of State, Nation, and Faith: The Case of Former Yugoslavia and its Successor States. Palgrave Macmillan. p.\u00a081. ISBN\u00a09781137477866.^ a b c Milorad \u017divan\u010devi\u0107 (1971).  \u017divan Milisavac (ed.). Jugoslovenski knji\u017eevni leksikon [Yugoslav Literary Lexicon] (in Serbo-Croatian). Novi Sad (SAP Vojvodina, SR Serbia): Matica srpska. p.\u00a0128-129.^ Traian Stoianovich (1994). Balkan Worlds: The First and Last Europe. M.E. Sharpe. p.\u00a0282. ISBN\u00a09780765638519.^ Discourses of collective identity in Central and Southeast Europe (1770\u20131945), Vol. 2, by Bal\u00e1zs Trencs\u00e9nyi and Michal Kope\u010dek^ Horvat, Josip. Politi\u010dka povijest Hrvatske 1. August Cesarec, Zagreb, p. 49^ “Die Schloesser bei Krapina”. Koha Online Catalog: ISBD View. Library of the Faculty of Philosophy, Zagreb. UDC: 94(497.5)-2. Retrieved 13 March 2013.^ \u0110uro \u0160urmin (1904). Hrvatski Preporod. p.\u00a0121. ISBN\u00a09781113014542. Retrieved 13 March 2013.^ Kratka osnova horvatsko-slavenskoga pravopisanja, poleg mudroljubneh, narodneh i prigospodarneh temeljov i zrokov^ Kratka osnova horvatsko-slavenskoga pravopisa\u0148a^ Comrie, Bernard; Corbett, Greville G. (1 September 2003). The Slavonic Languages. Taylor & Francis. p.\u00a045. ISBN\u00a0978-0-203-21320-9. Retrieved 23 December 2013. … following Vuk’s reform of Cyrillic (see above) in the early nineteenth century, Ljudevit Gaj in the 1830s performed the same operation on Latinica,…^ “Krapinski Vjesnik”. Godina VI. Broj 58. Studeni 2009. ISSN 1334-9317^ Letica, Slaven (29 November 2008).  Bach, Nenad (ed.). “If Streets Could Talk. Kad bi ulice imale dar govora”. Croatian World Network. ISSN\u00a01847-3911. Retrieved 31 December 2014.  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