[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/aelfric-cild-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/aelfric-cild-wikipedia\/","headline":"\u00c6lfric Cild – Wikipedia","name":"\u00c6lfric Cild – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 \u00c6lfric Cild (fl.\u2009975\u2013985)[1] was a wealthy Anglo-Saxon nobleman from the east Midlands, Ealdorman of Mercia between 983 and 985,","datePublished":"2020-09-17","dateModified":"2020-09-17","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":100,"height":100},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/aelfric-cild-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4491,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4\u00c6lfric Cild (fl.\u2009975\u2013985)[1] was a wealthy Anglo-Saxon nobleman from the east Midlands, Ealdorman of Mercia between 983 and 985, and possibly brother-in-law to his predecessor \u00c6lfhere. He was also associated with the monastic reformer \u00c6thelwold, bishop of Winchester, he is also notable for being involved in a number of land transactions for the refounding and endowment of Peterborough Abbey, as well as with Thorney Abbey during the 970s and early 980s.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of ContentsFamily connections[edit]\u00c6lfric Cild and \u00c6thelwold[edit]Ealdorman of Mercia (983-985)[edit]After 985[edit]References[edit]Secondary sources[edit]Primary sources[edit]External links[edit]Family connections[edit]Some places associated with \u00c6lfric, shown on a map of present-day CambridgeshireIt is thought that he married the daughter of Ealhhelm, ealdorman of central Mercia, and hence that he was brother-in-law to \u00c6lfhere, ealdorman in Mercia between 956 and 983.[2][1] Her name may have been \u00c6thelfl\u00e6d.[3] Her brother \u00c6lfheah, ealdorman in Wessex, left a will “probably drawn up in the late 960s” in which he bequeathed estates to \u00c6lfwine, his “sister’s son”, who was probably \u00c6lfric’s son with her.[4][1] This \u00c6lfwine is also thought to be the warrior of this name who died fighting in the battle near Maldon (Essex, 991), according to the Old English heroic poem which was composed to commemorate the event (The Battle of Maldon).[1]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4It has been suggested that it may have been \u00c6lfric Cild who in 956 received from King Eadwig land at Hanney and who is addressed as the king’s adoptivus parens in the charter which records the transaction.[5][6] The description has been interpreted as indicating that \u00c6lfric had married into a family of royal rank and possibly that he “had a hand in raising the young Eadwig”.[7]In some contemporary as well as later sources, \u00c6lfric (a common Old English name) is distinguished by his cognomen Cild. Literally meaning “child”, it is an Old English title borne by some Anglo-Saxon nobles and typically denotes a man of high rank.[8] \u00c6lfric appears to have been a wealthy landowner in Huntingdonshire, East Anglia,[1][9] hence in the ealdormanry of \u00c6lfhere’s great rival \u00c6thelwine.\u00c6lfric Cild and \u00c6thelwold[edit]The sources for \u00c6lfric’s landed possessions associate him with Bishop \u00c6thelwold’s monastic reform in East Anglia. One of them is a charter, dated 973, which purports to confirm the acquisition of various estates by Bishop \u00c6thelwold for the refoundation of Thorney Abbey. Although the charter is spurious in its present form, it is nevertheless thought to preserve an authentic core.[10][11] The text reports that \u00c6lfric, called miles, sold Water Newton, Huntingdonshire, to \u00c6thelwold for 20 librae of silver. Although he initially contested the alleged outcome of the transaction, he consented on accepting from the bishop a further amount of silver (13 librae) as well as some land at R\u00e6sen (possibly Market Rasen, Lincolnshire) and Titchmarsh, Northamptonshire.[10] \u00c6thelwold also acquired part of Yaxley from \u00c6lfric.[10] Another religious house re-established by \u00c6thelwold was Peterborough Abbey. A list of sureties dating from \u00c6lfric’s time as ealdorman (983 x 985) suggests that it, too, acquired some of \u00c6lfric’s lands.[12]\u00c6lfric is also found in the company of Bishop \u00c6thelwold on other occasions. The Liber Eliensis specifies that the meeting of King Edgar at which Bishop \u00c6thelwold bought land at Gransden, was attended by \u00c6lfhere, \u00c6thelwine and \u00c6lfric Cild.[13] According to the same source, \u00c6lfric was joining \u00c6thelwold, bishop of Winchester, the young \u00e6theling \u00c6thelred, “then an earl [comes]”, and his mother Queen \u00c6lfthryth when they were doing business at Ely Abbey sometime in the reign of King Edward the Martyr (975-978). The text remembers these years as a time “when the government of the kingdom was in disorder and the legal tenure of the land disrupted”.[14] \u00c6lfric’s presence may indicate that he belonged to a faction which supported \u00c6thelred’s claims to the throne, one which included Bishop \u00c6thelwold.[15]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Ealdorman of Mercia (983-985)[edit]\u00c6lfric is associated with \u00c6lfhere in a number of local transactions. Sometime between 971 and 980, \u00c6lfric witnessed a charter, issued in the absence of the king, which records that \u00c6lfhere sold land to Ordgar, abbot of Abingdon.[16] The Liber Eliensis names \u00c6lfhere, \u00c6thelwine and \u00c6lfric Cild as those present at a local council which was held at Slaughter, Gloucestershire sometime after King Edgar’s death. This council dealt with a dispute about land at Hatfield.[17]When \u00c6lfhere died in c. 983, \u00c6lfric was appointed ealdorman in his place.[18] The office was a powerful asset since under \u00c6lfhere’s tenure, its sphere of authority had grown to include not only central Mercia, but also parts of Mercia formerly controlled by ealdormen \u00c6thelmund and \u00c6thelstan Rota, that is, western Mercia (from Cheshire to Gloucestershire) and Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire.[19] \u00c6lfric was not able to retain his new position for very long, however. Early in the year 985, a royal council was convened at Cirencester and \u00c6lfric was driven out of the country on account of treason.[20] The nature of the accusation is unknown, but it may be related to allegations that he had appropriated estates in Gloucestershire from a widowed matrona called Eadfl\u00e6d, possibly \u00c6lfhere’s widow.[1] These allegations are known from two royal diplomas which were issued around the turn of the century in favour of Abingdon Abbey.[21]In one of King \u00c6thelred’s so-called ‘restitution charters’, ealdorman \u00c6lfric and Wulfgar, bishop of Ramsbury, are singled out as greedy men whose bad counsel had misled the king into violating the privileges of Abingdon Abbey, such as the right to elect its own abbot. \u00c6lfric is said to have bribed the king and so to have bought the abbacy for his brother Eadwine.[22] There is some uncertainty among historians as to whether this \u00c6lfric, who is described as maior domus regis by the Historia Ecclesie Abbendonensis  (History of Abingdon Abbey), refers to \u00c6lfric Cild or to \u00c6lfric, ealdorman of Hampshire (d. 1016).[23][24][25]After 985[edit]It is not known when \u00c6lfric died or what became of him in exile. The cartulary-chronicle Historia Ecclesie Abbendonensis written in the 12th century claims that he left for Denmark, assembled a band of Viking soldiers and returned to attack England. However, the text may have confused \u00c6lfric Cild with his namesake, ealdorman of Hampshire, as it has done elsewhere.[1]\u00c6lfric’s son appears to be the \u00c6lfwine who died fighting in the Battle of Maldon in 991. In the Maldon poem, he is portrayed as a young man in the personal household troop of Byrhtnoth, ealdorman of Essex, who led the fateful attack against the Viking army and in the event, perished himself. Following Byrhtnoth’s death and the flight of several of his men, a speech is attributed to \u00c6lfwine in which he urges his fellow warriors to remember the heroic boasts they made at the drinking table and exhorts them to avenge their lord, against all odds. \u00c6lfwine is expressly identified as a son (bearn) of \u00c6lfric, but in his speech, he is made to identify himself as a grandson of Ealhhelm (wis ealdorman) as well as a kinsman (m\u00e6ge) of Byrhtnoth.[26][1][27]The next ealdorman known to have been given responsibilities in Mercia is Leofwine (d. 1016), who received the office in 994. It has been suggested that in the interim when the position of ealdorman remained vacant, \u00c6thelsige, a king’s thegn, may have been given “some position in Mercia”.[28]^ a b c d e f g h Williams, “\u00c6lfhere (d. 983)”^ Williams, “Princeps Merciorum gentis“, p. 147.^ Williams, “Princeps Merciorum gentis“, p. 147 (note 21).^ S 1485^ S 597^ “\u00c6lric 2”. Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England.^ Jayakumar, “Eadwig and Edgar”, p. 85.^ Swanton, Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, p. 138 note 7.^ “\u00c6lfric Cild 2”. Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England.^ a b c S 792^ Thacker, “\u00c6thelwold and Abingdon”, p. 54.^ S 1448a^ Liber Eliensis 2.46^ Liber Eliensis 2.11^ Jayakumar, “Reform and Retribution”, p. 349.^ S 1216.^ Liber Eliensis 2.7. See Williams, “Princeps Merciorum gentis“, p. 165.^ Anglo-Saxon Chronicle s. a. 983^ Williams, “Princeps Merciorum gentis“, pp. 164-66^ Anglo-Saxon Chronicle s.a. 985; the meeting at Cirencester and the charge of treason are mentioned in S 937.^ S 896 (AD 999); S 937 (AD 999?). The charters record the donation of her lands to Abingdon Abbey during the reign of King \u00c6thelred.^ S 876^ Historia Ecclesie Abbendoniensis, cxxiii and ch. 96.^ Wiliams, “Princeps Merciorum gentis“, p. 171 note 138.^ Kelly, Charters of Abingdon Abbey Part 1, cxii.^ The Battle of Maldon, lines 209-24.^ Stafford, “Kinship and women in the world of Maldon“, pp. 225-6.^ Williams, \u00c6thelred the Unready, p. 66References[edit]Secondary sources[edit]Jayakumar, Shashi (2009). “Reform and Retribution. The ‘Anti-Monastic Reaction’ in the Reign of Edward the Martyr”.  In Stephen Baxter;  et\u00a0al. (eds.). Early Medieval Studies in Honour of Patrick Wormald. Farnham. pp.\u00a0337\u201352.Jayakumar, Shashi (2008). “Eadwig and Edgar: Politics, Propaganda, Faction”.  In Donald Scragg (ed.). Edgar, King of the English, 959-975. New interpretations. Publications of the Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies 8. Woodbridge: Boydell. pp.\u00a083\u2013103.Kelly, Susan E. (2000). Charters of Abingdon Abbey Part 1. Anglo-Saxon Charters 7. Oxford.Stafford, Pauline (1993). “Kinship and women in the world of Maldon. Byrhtnoth and his Family”.  In Janet Cooper (ed.). The Battle of Maldon: Fiction and Fact. London and Rio Grande: Hambledon. pp.\u00a0225\u2013235.Thacker, Alan (1988). “\u00c6thelwold and Abingdon”.  In Barbara Yorke (ed.). Bishop \u00c6thelwold: His Career and Influence. Woodbridge. pp.\u00a043\u201364.Williams, Ann (2004). “\u00c6lfhere (d. 983)”. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online\u00a0ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093\/ref:odnb\/182. Retrieved 2008-05-14. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)Williams, Ann (2000). \u00c6thelred the Unready. The Ill-Counselled King. London: Hambledon.Williams, Ann (1982). “Princeps Merciorum gentis. The Family, Career and Connections of \u00c6lfhere, Ealdorman of Mercia, 956-83″. Anglo-Saxon England. 10: 143\u201372. doi:10.1017\/s0263675100003240.Primary sources[edit]Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MSS C, D and E), tr. Michael J. Swanton (2000). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles (2nd\u00a0ed.). London.The Battle of Maldon, ed. E. V. K. Dobbie (1942). Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems. ASPR 6. New York. pp.\u00a07\u201316.Anglo-Saxon charters, listed by number assigned in the Sawyer catalogues:S 1485 (c.  968 x 971), will of ealdorman \u00c6lfheah.S 792 (dated AD 973), spurious charter for Thorney Abbey.S 1216 (AD 971 x 980), \u00c6lfhere selling land to the abbot of AbingdonS 1448a (AD 983 x 985): list of sureties for estates of Peterborough AbbeyS 876 (AD 993), confirmation of privileges to Abingdon AbbeyS 896 (AD 999) and S 937 (AD 999?)Liber Eliensis 2.7 (=Libellus \u00c6thelwoldi 5, concerning Hatfield); 2.11 (=Libellus \u00c6thelwoldi 12, concerning Downham); 2.46 (=Libellus \u00c6thelwoldi 57, concerning Gransden)ed. E. O. Blake (1962). Liber Eliensis. Camden Society 3.92. London.tr. J. Fairweather (2005). Liber Eliensis. A History of the Isle of Ely from the Seventh Century to the Twelfth. Woodbridge.Hudson, John, ed. (2007). Historia Ecclesie Abbendonensis: The History of the Church of Abingdon Volume 1. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN\u00a0978-0-19-929937-9.External links[edit]     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/aelfric-cild-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u00c6lfric Cild – Wikipedia"}}]}]