[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/strain-crystallization-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/strain-crystallization-wikipedia\/","headline":"Strain crystallization – Wikipedia","name":"Strain crystallization – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Structure of polymer experiencing strain crystallization after-content-x4 Strain crystallization is a phenomenon in which","datePublished":"2016-03-04","dateModified":"2016-03-04","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/50\/LCpolymersII.png\/282px-LCpolymersII.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/50\/LCpolymersII.png\/282px-LCpolymersII.png","height":"370","width":"282"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/strain-crystallization-wikipedia\/","wordCount":1844,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia  Structure of polymer experiencing strain crystallization       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Strain crystallization is a phenomenon in which an initially amorphous solid material undergoes a phase transformation due to the application of strain. Strain crystallization occurs in natural rubber, as well as other elastomers and polymers.[1] The phenomenon has important effects on strength and fatigue properties.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of ContentsHow strain crystallization occurs[edit]Effects of strain crystallization[edit]Measuring strain crystallization[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Sources[edit]How strain crystallization occurs[edit]Strain crystallization occurs when the chains of molecules in a material become ordered during deformation activities in some polymers and elastomers.[2] The three primary factors that affect strain crystallization are the molecular structure of the polymer or elastomer, the temperature, and the deformation being applied to the material.[3] If a polymer’s molecular structure is too irregular, strain crystallization can not be induced because it is impossible to order the chains of molecules.[1] In order to induce strain crystallization, the polymer or elastomer is stretched while its temperature is kept above its glass transition temperature. It is also necessary for the yield point of the polymer to be exceeded by the stretching activity. This in turn will ensure that the chains of molecules are straightened.[4] In general, the greater the deformation applied to the material, the higher the rate of crystallization.[1]Effects of strain crystallization[edit]The mechanical properties of materials are greatly affected by the orientation of the crystals in their micro-structure.[1] The process of strain crystallization directly affects the micro-structure of the material by adding crystalline structures. Strain crystallization’s effect on the micro-structure greatly increases the strength of the polymer or elastomer it is induced in.[1] This effect of strain crystallization can be viewed in vulcanized natural rubber, a material that is known for its toughness and tensile stress.[3]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Measuring strain crystallization[edit]There are various techniques for measuring crystallization in rubber, including: x-ray diffraction, specific heat changes, and density changes. Crystallization can also be observed indirectly through its effects on stress\u2013strain and fatigue behavior.See also[edit]Some polymers that strain crystallizeSome elastomers that strain crystallizeSome elastomers that do not strain crystallizeReferences[edit]^ a b c d e f g Rao, I.J.; Rajagopal, K.R. (February 2001). “A study of strain-induced crystallization of polymers”. International Journal of Solids and Structures. 38 (6\u20137): 1149\u20131167. doi:10.1016\/s0020-7683(00)00079-2. ISSN\u00a00020-7683.^ Battjes, Kevin P.; Kuo, Chung-Mien; Miller, Robert L.; Saam, John C. (May 1995). “Strain-Induced Crystallization in Poly[methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxane] Networks”. Macromolecules. 28 (3): 790\u2013792. doi:10.1021\/ma00107a019. ISSN\u00a00024-9297.^ a b Toki, S.; Fujimaki, T.; Okuyama, M. (June 2000). “Strain-induced crystallization of natural rubber as detected real-time by wide-angle X-ray diffraction technique”. Polymer. 41 (14): 5423\u20135429. doi:10.1016\/s0032-3861(99)00724-7. ISSN\u00a00032-3861.^ “Crystallization”. polymerdatabase.com. Retrieved 8 December 2018.Sources[edit]Chapter 1, Engineering with Rubber, Ed. A. N. Gent, Hanser, 1992. ISBN\u00a03-446-17010-3.B. Huneau, STRAIN-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION OF NATURAL RUBBER: A REVIEW OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION INVESTIGATIONS, Rubber Chem. Technol. 84, 425 (2011); doi:10.5254\/1.3601131Mars, W. V. (2009). Computed dependence of rubber’s fatigue behavior on strain crystallization. Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 82(1), 51\u201361.Chapter 10 \u2013 Strength of Elastomers, A.N. Gent, W.V. Mars, In: James E. Mark, Burak Erman and Mike Roland, Editor(s), The Science and Technology of Rubber (Fourth Edition), Academic Press, Boston, 2013, Pages 473\u2013516, ISBN\u00a09780123945846, 10.1016\/B978-0-12-394584-6.00010-8Rao, I,J; Rajagopal, K.R. (2001\u201302). “A study of strain-induced crystallization of polymers”. International Journal of Solids and Structures. 38 (6-7): 1149-1167 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0020-7683(00)00079-2. ISSN 0020-7683.Battjes, Kevin P.; Kuo, Chung-Mien; Miller, Robert L.; Saam, John C. (1995-05). “Strain-induced Crystallization in Poly[methyl](3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxane] Network”. Marcromolecules 28 (3): 790-792. Strain-Induced Crystallization in Poly[methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxane Networks]. ISSN 0024-9297Toki, S.; Fujimaki, T.; Okuyama, M. (2000\u201306). “Strain-induced crystallization of natural rubber as detected real-time by wide-angle X-ray diffraction technique”. Polymer. 41 (14): 5423-5429. Strain-induced crystallization of natural rubber as detected real-time by wide-angle X-ray diffraction technique. ISSN 0032-3861.“Crystallization”. polymerdatabase.com. Retrieved 2018-12-08.     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki2\/strain-crystallization-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Strain crystallization – Wikipedia"}}]}]