[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/astra-1d-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/astra-1d-wikipedia\/","headline":"Astra 1D – Wikipedia","name":"Astra 1D – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Astra 1D is a geostationary communications satellite launched in 1994 by the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Europ\u00e9enne des","datePublished":"2017-07-10","dateModified":"2017-07-10","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/astra-1d-wikipedia\/","wordCount":1894,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaAstra 1D is a geostationary communications satellite launched in 1994 by the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Europ\u00e9enne des Satellites (SES). As of August\u00a02012[update], the craft remains in service for occasional use.Astra 1D was the fourth, and under original plans, last Astra communications satellite from SES. It was launched to SES’ original solitary operational position at 19.2\u00b0 East, and was intended as an in-orbit spare for Astra’s Astra 1A, 1B and 1C and to carry digital TV transmissions. However, development of digital reception equipment in Europe was not sufficiently advanced for Astra 1D to be SES’ first digital satellite (the later Astra 1E fulfilled that role) [3] and demand for additional capacity for both British and German television channels led to 12 of the satellite’s transponders being leased to broadcast analogue TV channels before the satellite had been launched.[4]Table of ContentsHistory[edit]Transponders[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]History[edit]After launch to 19.2\u00b0 East, Astra 1D served two periods as a spare at the Astra 28.2\u00b0E position colocated with Astra 2A, for seven months in 1998 and for 13 months from December 1999. In between these two periods, it returned to the Astra 19.2\u00b0E position. During this time, some small numbers of transponders were used for regular service. After other Astra craft (Astra 2B, Astra 2D) either arrived or were ordered for the slot, it moved to 24.2\u00b0 East where it spent over two years carrying little more than test cards or feeds, until a move to 23\u00b0 East (November 2003) and then 23.5\u00b0 East (September 2004)[2] where Euro1080 began to use it as their main transmitting craft.When the satellite originally went on air in January 1995,[5] several of its transponders were used by British Sky Broadcasting for new channels such as Granada Talk TV. These transponders broadcast on frequencies outside (below) the tuning range offered by the original Sky set-top-box receiver (with a 950-1750 MHz IF tuning range) and a standard Astra Low-noise block downconverter (LNB) (with a 10.00\u00a0GHz local oscillator) so Sky produced a frequency shifter (“ADX Plus Channel Expander”), comprising a small box connected between the LNB and the receiver (and powered by the receiver) with a single manual switch to select between Astra 1A and Astra 1D reception. Switched to Astra 1D reception, this shifted up the IF signal from the LNB by 250\u00a0MHz to bring the new frequencies within the receiver’s tuning range.[6] Subsequent Sky receivers had an ‘extended’ 950-2150\u00a0MHz IF tuning range and were used with an ‘Enhanced LNB’ with a 9.75\u00a0GHz local oscillator to enable reception of all the transponders used on the Astra 1A-1D satellites.In November 2007, Astra 1D was replaced at the Astra 23.5\u00b0E position by Astra 1E, and was moved to 31.5\u00b0 East, where it operated in inclined orbit, to replace Optus A3, and was joined in April 2008 by Astra 5A to officially open the Astra 31.5\u00b0E position.[7]On 16 January 2009, Astra 5A suffered a technical failure and all traffic ceased. Much of it (especially channels for German cable service, Kabel Deutschland) transferred to Astra 23.5\u00b0 East as Astra 1D was not suitable for the transmission of these services because it was in an inclined orbit. In May 2009, Astra 2C was moved from the 28.2\u00b0 East position to Astra 31.5\u00b0 East to take over Astra 5A’s mission with Astra 1D as ultimate backup. In June 2010, Astra 1G was moved from Astra 23.5\u00b0 East to Astra 31.5\u00b0 East (following the launch of Astra 3B to 23.5\u00b0 East), where it could take over all broadcasting activity from Astra 2C, releasing Astra 2C for backup, and releasing Astra 1D for use elsewhere. Astra 1D then commenced movement westwards and in August 2010 arrived at 1.8\u00b0 East where, with Astra 1C at 2.0\u00b0 East it was used for occasional traffic such as outside broadcast news feeds. Astra 1D returned 23.5\u00b0 East in 2012 with two transponders active for several months (both carrying the Luxembourg terrestrial channel, RTL T\u00e9l\u00e9 L\u00ebtzebuerg).In June 2013, the satellite moved east from 23.5\u00b0 East (although it remained listed in the SES website as at this position [8]) to 52.2\u00b0 East. In February 2014, Astra 1D began moving westward, reaching its destination of 67.5\u00b0 West in June 2014, where it was joined by Astra 1H in August 2014, moved from 19.2\u00b0 East.[9] Both Astra 1D and Astra 1H were moved close to NSS-806 at 47.5\u00b0 West in the Spring\/Summer of 2015. In 2017, Astra 1D was moved to 73\u00b0 West.[10] Since November 2021, 1D has been non-operational and drifting west at approximately 4.8\u00b0\/day.[11]Transponders[edit]The channels broadcast on Astra 1D during its time at 19.2\u00b0 East (1994-2000) include:TransponderFrequencyChannels4910,714 HArte (1995-2002), Nickelodeon Germany (1995\u20131996), Der Kinderkanal (1997-2012)5010,729 VNBC Super Channel (1995-1996), CNBC Europe (1996-2005), Das Vierte (2005-2010), Mediashop (2010)5110,744 HVeronica (1995\u20131996), CMT Europe (1996-1998), Bloomberg Television (1998-2000), Animal Planet (1998-2001), Sky Box Office 1 (1999-2000)5210,759 VRTL 4 (1995\u20131996), QVC Germany (1996-2012)5310,773 HSBS6 (1995\u20131996), JSTV (1996-2001), CNE (1995-1998), The Racing Channel (1996), What’s in Store (1998-2000)5410,788 VTV Asia (1995-1996), The Chinese Channel (1995\u20131997), Zee TV (1997-2000), Adult Channel (1997-1998)5510,803 HTeleclub (1995\u20132000), N24 (2000-2012)5610,818 VUK Horisons (1998), UK Arena (1998), UK Style (1998), Bloomberg Germany (1998-2000), TV Travel Shop (1998-2001), Bloomberg UK (2000-2001), TV Travel Shop German (2001-2004)5710,832 HSBS6 (1996), Sky Barker (1996-1997), UK Horizons (1998-2001), UK Play (1999-2001), GOD (2001), TVX (2001)5810,847 VGranada Good Life (1996-1998), Computer Channel (1996-1998), Sky Box Office 4 (1997-2000), Zomer TV (1997), Granada Breeze (1998-2000), .TV (1998-2000), Adult Channel PPV (1998-2000), B.TV (2000-2001), Tango TV (2002), TV Shop Deutschland (2002-2004)5910,862 HGranada Talk TV (1996-1997), Sky Scottish (1996-1998), Sky Box Office 3 (1997-1998), Rapture TV (1998-2000) Channel 4 Extra (1998-1999), FilmFour (1999-2000), K1010 (2004)6010,877 VSky Movies Gold (1995-1997), The Weather Channel (1996-1998), The Racing Channel (1995-2000), Sky Box Office 2 (1997-1999), TV Shop (1998), Playboy TV PPV (1998-1999) Sky Box Office 3 (1999-2000), Playboy TV (2000), Adult Channel (2000)6110,891 HProSieben Schweiz (1996-1997), Phoenix (1997), SWR Rheinland-Pfalz (1997-2012)6210,906 VHome Order Television (1995-2001), Home Shopping Europe (2001-2012)6310,921 HFilmnet (1993-1997), The Adult Channel (1995-1997), Channel 5 (1997-2001), TV Shop Deutschland (2002), GOD (2002)6410,936 VRTL 5 (1993-1996), tm3 (1996-2001), 9live (2001-2010)See also[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]JanuaryFebruarySTS-60 (WSF, ODERACS A, ODERACS B, ODERACS C, ODERACS D, ODERACS E, ODERACS F, BremSat)Myojo, RyuseiGlobus #13LUSA-99Shijian 4, Kua Fu 1Kosmos 2268, Kosmos 2269, Kosmos 2270, Kosmos 2271, Kosmos 2272, Kosmos 2273Gran’ #40LGalaxy 1RRMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecemberLaunches are separated by dots (\u00a0\u2022 ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( \/ ). Cubesats are smaller.Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the \u2020 sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).  "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/astra-1d-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Astra 1D – Wikipedia"}}]}]