[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/diplocynodon-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/diplocynodon-wikipedia\/","headline":"Diplocynodon – Wikipedia","name":"Diplocynodon – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Extinct genus of reptiles Diplocynodon Diplocynodon ratelii Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata","datePublished":"2019-04-11","dateModified":"2019-04-11","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9e\/Diplocynodon_ratelii.JPG\/220px-Diplocynodon_ratelii.JPG","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9e\/Diplocynodon_ratelii.JPG\/220px-Diplocynodon_ratelii.JPG","height":"90","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/diplocynodon-wikipedia\/","wordCount":5754,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Extinct genus of reptilesDiplocynodonDiplocynodon rateliiScientific classification Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:ChordataClass:ReptiliaOrder:CrocodiliaSuperfamily:AlligatoroideaSubfamily:\u2020DiplocynodontinaeGenus:\u2020DiplocynodonPomel, 1847Species\u2020D. dalpiazi Del Favero, 1999\u2020D. darwini (Ludvig, 1877)\u2020D. deponiae (Frey, Laemmert & Riess, 1987)[2][3]\u2020D. elavericus Martin, 2010\u2020D. gervaisi\u2020D. hantoniensis (Wood, 1846)\u2020D. levantinicum Huene & Nikoloff, 1963\u2020D. kochi (Venczel & Codrea, 2022)[4]\u2020D. muelleri (K\u00e4lin, 1936)[5]\u2020D. ratelii Pomel, 1847 (type)\u2020D. tormis\u2020D. ungeri (Prangner, 1845)SynonymsBaryphracta Frey, Laemmert & Riess, 1987[2][3]Enneodon Pranger, 1845Hispanochampsa K\u00e4lin, 1936[6][5]SaurocainusDiplocynodon is an extinct genus of alligatoroid that lived during the Paleocene to Middle Miocene in Europe. It looked very similar to the modern caiman in that it was small and had bony armour scutes covering its neck, back, belly, and tail. The longest Diplocynodon recovered was 4 feet in length and probably fed on small fish, frogs, and took insects when young.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In the nineteenth century, D. steineri was named from Styria, Austria and D. styriacus was named from Austria and France. A third Austrian species, Enneodon ungeri, was placed in its own genus. The Austrian and French species of Diplocynodon were synonymized with E. ungeri in 2011, and because the name Diplocynodon has priority over Enneodon, the species is now called D. ungeri.[7] Other genera have recently been found to be synonymous with Diplocynodon. Hispanochampsa muelleri of Spain was determined to be synonymous with Diplocynodon in 2006,[5] and Baryphracta deponaie of Germany was confirmed to be synonymous with Diplocynodon in 2012.[3]Well preserved specimens have been found in the Messel Pit and the Geiseltal lignite deposit in Germany. Most articulated Diplocynodon specimens from these localities contain gastroliths. In the Eocene epoch, the German sites were either a swampy freshwater lake (Messel Pit) or a peat bog swamp (Geiseltal).Table of Contents       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Species[edit]Phylogeny[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]Species[edit]SpeciesSpeciesAgeLocationUnitNotesImagesD. dalpiaziLate Rupelian\u00a0ItalyMonteviale      D. darwiniLutetian\u00a0GermanyMessel pitAll specimens are from Messel pit of Germany. Synonyms are: D. ebertsi and D. hallense.D. deponaie[2][3]Middle Eocene\u00a0GermanyMessel pitSynonyms are: Baryphracta deponaie.D. elavericus[8]Middle Priabonian\u00a0FranceDom\u00e9ratAll specimens came from Allier, Massif Central of France.D. gervaisiEarliest Rupelian\u00a0FranceRonzonSynonyms are: Saurocainus gervaisi.D. hantoniensisEarly Priabonian\u00a0United KingdomHeadon Hill FormationAll specimens came from Hordwell, southern England. D. cf. hantoniensis is known from the Oligocene of Dordogne, France.D. levantinicum[9]Oligocene (Chattian)\u00a0BulgariaMaritsa FormationD. kochiEocene (Priabonian)\u00a0RomaniaCluj Limestone FormationD. muelleri[5]Middle Rupelian\u00a0SpainEl TalladellMore than 100 are known, all from Lleida Province, Catalonia. Synonyms are: Hispanochampsa muelleri, D. guerini and D. marini.D. ratelii\u00a0FranceSaint-G\u00e9rand-le-Puy*D. ratelii is the type species of Diplocynodon. Most of the specimens came from Allier, Massif Central of France. Synonyms are: D. gracile.D. tormisLate Bartonian\u00a0SpainSalamancaD. ungeri[7]Middle MioceneSynonyms are: Enneodon ungeri, D. steineri, and D. styriacus (see text).*Locality and\/or horizon of the type specimen.Phylogeny[edit]Diplocynodon is one of the basal-most members of the superfamily Alligatoroidea. Diplocynodon’s placement within Alligatoroidea can be shown in the cladogram below, based on a 2018 tip dating study by Lee & Yates that simultaneously used morphological, molecular (DNA sequencing), and stratigraphic (fossil age) data.[10]Below is a more detailed cladogram of Diplocynodon:[11]DiplocynodonDiplocynodon deponiaeDiplocynodon darwiniDiplocynodon hantoniensisDiplocynodon rateliiDiplocynodon tormisDiplocynodon muelleriReferences[edit]^ Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021). “Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem”. PeerJ. 9: e12094. doi:10.7717\/peerj.12094. PMC\u00a08428266. PMID\u00a034567843.^ a b c Rossmann, T.; Blume, M. (1999). “Die Krokodil-Fauna der Fossillagerst\u00e4tte Grube Messel”. Ein aktueller \u00dcberblick., Natur und Museum, Frankfurt am Main. 129 (9): 261\u2013270.^ a b c d Massimo Delfino and Thierry Smith (2012). “Reappraisal of the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the middle Eocene alligatoroid Diplocynodon deponiae (Frey, Laemmert, and Riess, 1987) based on a three-dimensional specimen”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (6): 1358\u20131369. doi:10.1080\/02724634.2012.699484. S2CID\u00a084977303.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)^ Venczel M, Codrea VA (2022). “A new late Eocene alligatoroid crocodyliform from Transylvania”. Comptes Rendus Palevol. 21 (20): 411\u2013429. doi:10.5852\/cr-palevol2022v21a20. S2CID\u00a0248879850.^ a b c d Paolo Pirasa and Angela D. Buscalionib (2006). “Diplocynodon muelleri comb. nov., an Oligocene diplocynodontine alligatoroid from Catalonia (Ebro Basin, Lleida Province, Spain)” (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 26 (3): 608\u2013620. doi:10.1671\/0272-4634(2006)26[608:DMCNAO]2.0.CO;2. S2CID\u00a086181419.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)^ K\u00e4lin, J. A. (1936). “Hispanochampsa m\u00fclleri nov. gen. nov. sp”. Abh. Schweizer. Palaeontol. Gesellschaft. 58: 1\u201339.^ a b Jeremy E. Martin and Martin Gross (2011). “Taxonomic clarification of Diplocynodon Pomel, 1847 (Crocodilia) from the Miocene of Styria, Austria”. Neues Jahrbuch f\u00fcr Geologie und Pal\u00e4ontologie – Abhandlungen. 261 (2): 177\u2013193. doi:10.1127\/0077-7749\/2011\/0159.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)^ Jeremy E. Martin (2010). “A new species of Diplocynodon (Crocodylia, Alligatoroidea) from the Late Eocene of the Massif Central, France, and the evolution of the genus in the climatic context of the Late Palaeogene”. Geological Magazine. 147 (4): 596\u2013610. Bibcode:2010GeoM..147..596M. doi:10.1017\/S0016756809990161. S2CID\u00a0140593139.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)^ Massonne, Tobias; B\u00f6hme, Madelaine (2022-11-09). “Re-evaluation of the morphology and phylogeny of Diplocynodon levantinicum Huene & Nikoloff, 1963 and the stratigraphic age of the West Maritsa coal field (Upper Thrace Basin, Bulgaria)”. PeerJ. 10: e14167. doi:10.7717\/peerj.14167. ISSN\u00a02167-8359. PMC\u00a09653056. PMID\u00a036389401.^ Michael S. Y. Lee; Adam M. Yates (27 June 2018). “Tip-dating and homoplasy: reconciling the shallow molecular divergences of modern gharials with their long fossil”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 285 (1881). doi:10.1098\/rspb.2018.1071. PMC\u00a06030529. PMID\u00a030051855.^ Tobias Massonne; Davit Vasilyan; M\u00e1rton Rabi; Madelaine B\u00f6hme (2019). “A new alligatoroid from the Eocene of Vietnam highlights an extinct Asian clade independent from extant Alligator sinensis“. PeerJ. 7: e7562. doi:10.7717\/peerj.7562. PMC\u00a06839522. PMID\u00a031720094.Fossils (Smithsonian Handbooks) by David Ward (Page 243)External links[edit]     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/diplocynodon-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Diplocynodon – Wikipedia"}}]}]