[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/esagil-kin-apli-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/esagil-kin-apli-wikipedia\/","headline":"Esagil-kin-apli – Wikipedia","name":"Esagil-kin-apli – Wikipedia","description":"Esagil-kin-apli was the umm\u00e2n\u016b, or chief scholar, of Babylonian king Adad-apla-iddina, 1067\u20131046 BCE, as he appears on the Uruk List","datePublished":"2016-06-19","dateModified":"2016-06-19","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":100,"height":100},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/esagil-kin-apli-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":3981,"articleBody":"Esagil-kin-apli was the umm\u00e2n\u016b, or chief scholar, of Babylonian king Adad-apla-iddina, 1067\u20131046 BCE, as he appears on the Uruk List of Sages and Scholars (165 BCE)[i 1] listed beside him and is best known for his Diagnostic Handbook, Sakikk\u016b (SA.GIG), a medical treatise which uses symptoms to ascertain etiology, frequently supernatural, and prognosis, which became the received text during the first millennium.He was a \u201cprominent citizen of Borsippa\u201d from a learned family as he was referred to as the \u201cson\u201d of Assallu\u1e2bi-mansum, the apkallu, or sage, of Hammurabi\u2019s time, c. 1792\u20131750 BCE.Table of ContentsThe Exorcists Manual[edit]The Esagil-k\u012bn-apli catalogue[edit]Alamdimm\u00fb[edit]The Sakikk\u016b (SA.GIG)[edit]Inscriptions[edit]References[edit]The Exorcists Manual[edit]The Exorcists Manual[i 2] is sometimes described as a \u201cvade mecum\u201d and is a compendium of the works all those aspiring to master the \u0101\u0161ip\u016btu, or craft of exorcism, should be cognizant. These include exorcism rituals, royal rituals, medical knowledge, incantations and omen series.[1] It begins, \u201cIncipits of the Series belonging to the art of exorcism (ma\u0161ma\u0161\u0161\u016btu), established (kunnu) for instruction (izhu) and testing (t\u0101martu), all to be read out.\u201d[2] It is actually composed of two manuals, the first concerning kakugall\u016btu, \u201cexorcism corpus,\u201d and i\u0161ipp\u016btu, \u201cesoteric knowledge,\u201d and the second of which begins on the reverse line 4 stating that what follows on lines 5 to 20 is the manual of the exorcist according to the scholar Esagil-kin-apli and then goes on to list works such as the great omen series of astrological (En\u016bma Anu Enlil) and terrestrial (\u0160umma \u0100lu) portents.[3]The Esagil-k\u012bn-apli catalogue[edit]Subtitled the ni\u1e63irti E[zida], \u201csecret of Ezida,\u201d this is extant in a Neo-Assyrian and a Neo-Babylonian copy.[i 3] It provides a biographical introduction and then Esagil-k\u012bn-apli provides an explanation for the new edition of the diagnostic compendium SA.GIG (Sakikk\u00fb) and the physiognomic series Alamdimm\u00fb, which he describes \u201c(Regarding) the twin series, their arrangement is one.\u201d Although the Catalogue of Texts and Authors credits the authorship of the two works to the god Ea, it is this catalogue together with the codicil on the Sakikk\u00fb which suggest otherwise. The catalogue opens with an index of sorts, providing incipits for each of the tablets together with the number of their lines.[4]Alamdimm\u00fb[edit]\u0160umma alamdimm\u00fb, \u201cif the form,\u201d contains physiognomic omens on twenty-seven tablets. In his catalogue, Esagil-kin-apli describes the work as: \u201c… (concerning) external form and appearance (and how they imply) the fate of the man that Ea and Assalu\u1e2bi\/Marduk (?) ordained in heaven.\u201d The term alamdimm\u00fb, \u201cform\u201d or \u201cfigure,\u201d comes from the Sumerian alam.d\u00edmu. Following the first twelve tablets of the \u0160umma alamdimm\u00fb proper, the work is subdivided into sections beginning with \u0160umma nigdimdimm\u00fb, \u201cif the appearance\u201d or \u201cshape,\u201d on two tablets, whose extant copies are too fragmentary to interpret.[5]The section named \u0160umma katadugg\u00fb, \u201cif the utterance,\u201d on one tablet describes the consequences of utterances and habitual conduct and shares characteristics with omens from the \u0160umma \u0101lu, \u201cif a city,\u201d terrestrial omen series. The section beginning \u0160umma sinni\u0161tu qaqqada rab\u00e2t, \u201cif a woman\u2019s head is large,\u201d on two tablets provides omens based on the appearance of a woman. The \u0160umma liptu section, \u201cif a spot\u201d or \u201cmole,\u201d was probably complete on nine tablets, eight devoted to the location of blemishes on males and one on females. The final tablet, \u0160umma \u0161er\u2019\u0101n p\u016bt imitti\u0161u ittenebbi, \u201cif the vein on the right side of his forehead throbs,\u201d concerns itself with involuntary movements.[6]The Sakikk\u016b (SA.GIG)[edit]In the colophons of the two extant catalogues of diagnostic and physiognomic omens, the origin of the Sakikk\u016b, \u201csymptoms,\u201d (Sumerian: SA.GIG: \u201cdiseased veins\/muscles\u201d) is given. Esagil-k\u012bn-apli relates that he assembled the diagnostic omens to produce the received text for the first millennium during the reign of Adad-apla-iddina. He says of these omens, \u201cthat since long ago had not been organized into a new edition but was tangled like threads and had no master edition.\u201d[nb 1] The primary purpose of the diagnosis was to identify the divine sender of the disease, as this was perceived to be a message from a deity. He applies a logical set of axioms and assumptions, including the need to inspect the symptoms of a patient in order to come up with a diagnosis, and arranges the more than 3,000 entries systematically from head to foot, left (inauspicious) to right (auspicious), and in the color sequence red\/brown, yellow\/green, black or white, and two shades of uncertain hue on 40 tablets as this is the number of the god Ea who gave man diagnostic knowledge.It is divided into six chapters of unequal length and starts with a two-tablet section beginning \u201cwhen the exorcist goes to the house of a sick person,\u201d[nb 2] which provides the omens that one might encounter on the way such as a multi-colored pig (patient has dropsy).[7] The second chapter, \u201cwhen you approach the sick man,\u201d is arranged a capite ad calcem, \u201cinspection from the head to the feet,\u201d and was attributed to the authorship of the deity Ea. It was complete in twelve tablets, the first seven of which are devoted to the head. The third chapter on infectious diseases, \u201cif he is sick for one day and\u2026\u201d includes the course of the disease.[8]The fourth chapter exclusively deals with neurological syndromes including epilepsy, seizures, strokes, ghosts and gods and contains the few magical prescriptions contained within the work. The catalogue names the five tablets[nb 3] of this chapter, \u201cif miqtu (a \u201cfall\u201d) falls upon him and\u2026,\u201d \u201cif a man\u2019s face has been struck by palsy,\u201d \u201cif the hand of a spirit turns him into an an.ta.\u0161ub.ba (sudden seizure \u201cfallen from heaven\u201d),\u201d \u201cif Lugal.\u00f9r.ra is born with him,\u201d and \u201cif he is ill and opens his mouth all the time.\u201d[9] The fifth chapter, consisting of five tablets, possibly treats with specific diseases such as those evidenced by skin lesions and fever. The 33rd tablet is dedicated to giving the name to a disease based upon its nature. The sixth and final chapter, also consisting of five tablets on the woman and infants, \u201cif a fertile woman is pregnant,\u201d concerns gynecology, in which the gender and fortune of the unborn child are diagnosed by the symptoms encountered during the course of the pregnancy, such as the change in shape and color of the nipples.[8]Inscriptions[edit]^ W 20030,7 the Seleucid List of Sages and Scholars, obverse line 16, recovered from Anu\u2019s B\u012bt R\u0113\u0161 temple during the 1959\/60 excavation.^ KAR 44 at CDLI (ref. P369026) rev 5-20.^ From Nimrud, ND 4358 + 4366, and from Babylon, BM 41237 + 46607 + 47163.^ \u0161a ul-tu ul-la zar\u00e2(sur.[gibil]) [la] \u1e63ab.tu4 \u00f9 k\u012bma(gim) q\u00ea.gume\u0161 park\u016b\/egr\u016b.(gib)[me\u0161-ma gabar\u00e2(gaba.ri)] l\u00e0 \u012b\u0161\u00fb(tuku).^ en\u016bma anta b\u012bt marsi \u0101\u0161ipu illku\u2026^ Tablets XXVI (BM 47753 from Babylon), XXVII (SU51\/92+ from Sultantepe), XXVIII, XXIX and XXX although the latter is not extant.References[edit]^ Dale Launderville (2011). Celibacy in the Ancient World. The Liturgical Press. p.\u00a0408.^ Markham J. Geller (2010). Ancient Babylonian Medicine: Theory and Practice. Wiley-Blackwell. p.\u00a0137.^ A. R. George (2003). The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic: introduction, critical edition and cuneiform Texts, Volume 1. Oxford University Press. p.\u00a030.^ M J Geller (2000). “Incipits and Rubrics”. Wisdom, Gods and literature. Eisenbrauns. pp.\u00a0226, 242\u2013254.^ Francesca Rochberg (2004). The heavenly writing: divination, horoscopy, and astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge University Press. pp.\u00a087\u201388.^ M Popovic (2007). Reading the Human Body. Brill. pp.\u00a072\u201385.^ Irving L. Finkel (1988). “Adad-apla-iddina, Esagil-kin-apli, and the series SA.GIG”.  In Erle Leichty; Maria Dej Ellis (eds.). A Scientific Humanist: Studies in Memory of Abraham Sachs. Philadelphia: University Museum. pp.\u00a0143\u201359.^ a b Hee\u03b2el, N. P. (2004). “Diagnosis, divination and disease: Towards an understanding of the rationale behind the Babylonian Diagnostic Handbook.”.  In Horstmanshoff, H. F. J.; Stol, M.; Van Tilburg, C. (eds.). Magic and rationality in Ancient Near Eastern and Graeco-Roman medicine. Brill. pp.\u00a097\u2013116.^ Marten Stol (1993). Epilepsy in Babylonia. Styx Pub. pp.\u00a055\u201356.1\u20133Here is the complete list of the titles of the works of Magic that have been established for teaching and reference:The God KullaM\u00ees-p\u00ee (Washing of the mouth)Ni\u0161\u00fbtu \u0113n\u00ed (enthronement of a priest)Am\u0101t Aps\u00ee (Formulae of the Apsu) \u2020Ginutaq\u016b (Touching of the reed) \u2020\u0160ulu\u1e2b\u1e2b\u0113 il\u012b (Ablution rites of the Gods) \u20204\u20135Ki\u2019utuku (conjurations by \u0160ama\u0161)\u0160u\u2019illaku (conjurations by the Lifted Hand)Dingir-\u0161\u00e0-dib-ba (The Irate Gods)N\u00e9pe\u0161 Du\u2019uzu (Conjuratory operations for the month of Du’uzu) \u2020Sakk\u00fb \u0161arr\u016bti (Royal rituals) \u202025\u201326Divinations according to falling stars, the flight of birds, the behavior of oxen and cattle, ominous sounds, flour, dice and of all the GodsAbnu \u0161ikin\u0161u (The Stone which looks like this)\u0160ammu \u0161ikin\u0161u (The Plant which looks like this)\u1e6cupp\u012b-abn\u0101ti (Stone Tablets)\u1e6cupp\u012b-\u0161amm\u012b (Plant Tablets)Tablets of Necklaces and Pendants \u202027\u201328The following are the titles of Esagil-kin-apli‘s magical works.All the prescriptions of the Touching of the Reed, which Ea has authoredKiki\u1e6d\u1e6du (Ceremonies) and \u0160erkug\u00fb (Sacred Chants)29\u201330All that exists concerning the Rites against Bewitchment,and Rites of the Dissolution of the Evil Omens of Heaven and Earth (Namburbi)The Totality of Wisdom \u2020The Secret of Magic \u202031\u201332The Sealed Book of the Order of Heaven and Earth \u2020The Mystery of the Apsu \u2020\u0160ip\u0101tu a\u1e2b\u0101tu (Extraordinary Conjurations) \u2020\u0160ipir \u0161immat rimuti u sagalli (Prescriptions against paralysis) \u2020Sagall\u00fb (Muscle disease)SA.GIGAll the prescriptions against …….33\u201334Bul\u1e6di miqit \u0161am\u00ea (Remedies for the Evil Above)B\u00eal \u016bri (Evil of the Lord of the Roof)\u0160udingirrakku (Seizure of a God)Q\u00e2t I\u0161tar (Seizure of a Goddess)\u0160ugidimmakku (Seizure of a Ghost)Al\u00fb lemnuThe Demon LemmuMuk\u012bl r\u0113\u0161 lemutti (The Harbinger)\u0160unamerimmakku (Seizure by a broken oath)Q\u00e2t am\u00eal\u016btu (Seizure by a man)35\u201338The remedies for all similar diseases, completely, All of the symptoms of diseases, The prescriptions relating to the diseases of women. * Until the time when, having become a Master of the entire Art of Magic, you possess the secret. After which you will learn to hear and interpret the commentaries as well as the list of correspondences, and to practice the rituals in both Sumerian and Akkadian.39\u201340In This Way Your Sanctuary….I Have Wandered In Despair…Enuma Anu Enlil\u0160umma \u0101lu ina mel\u00ea \u0161akinAnd also to reason and debate in order to reach a consensus41\u201343Upon the one who is vigorous, wise, and penetrating to Great Knowledge, the Two Gods, the Lords (Ea and Marduk), will confer Vast Understanding. Unto this one these Gods will grant a Guardian Angel, whose name will be pronounced unto the Most Distant Times. Copied and collated with a most ancient copy. A tablet belonging to Kisir-dNabu, son of d\u0160ama\u0161-ibni, magician of the E\u0161ara.\u2020 Work not extant"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/esagil-kin-apli-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Esagil-kin-apli – Wikipedia"}}]}]