[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/flavonol-3-o-glucosyltransferase-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/flavonol-3-o-glucosyltransferase-wikipedia\/","headline":"Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase – Wikipedia","name":"Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In enzymology, a flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.91) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction","datePublished":"2019-04-22","dateModified":"2019-04-22","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/1c37b981df851b9e54e489e017b1481e37d418f3","url":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/1c37b981df851b9e54e489e017b1481e37d418f3","height":"","width":""},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/flavonol-3-o-glucosyltransferase-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":2640,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaIn enzymology, a flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.91) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionUDP-glucose + a flavonol \u21cc{displaystyle rightleftharpoons } UDP + a flavonol 3-O-beta-D-glucosideThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and flavonol, whereas its two products are UDP and flavonol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside. The flavonoids that can act as substrates within this reaction include quercetin, kaempferol, dihydrokaempferol, kaempferid, fisetin, and isorhamnetin. Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase is a hexosyl group transfer enzyme.[1]This enzyme is known by the systematic name UPD-glucose:flavonol 3-O-D glucosyltransferase, and it participates in flavonoid biosynthesis and causes the formation of anthocyanins. Anthocyanins produce a purple color in the plant tissues that they are present in.[2]It is an enzyme found most notably in grapes (Vitis vinifera).[3] This enzyme is found within a number of other plants as well\u2014such as snapdragons (Antirrhinum majus), kale (Brassica oleracea), and grapefruit (Citrus x paradisi).[4]Table of ContentsPathways[edit]Nomenclature[edit]Inhibitors and Structure of the Enzyme[edit]References[edit]Further reading[edit]Pathways[edit]This enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The primary function of this enzyme within its pathway is binding a glucoside onto a flavonol molecule, forming a flavonol 3-O-glucoside.[5] It is through this mechanism that the enzyme converts anthocyanidins to anthocyanins as a part of the phenylpropanoid pathway. One specific example would be this enzymes actions on pelargonidin. Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase binds the glucoside to this protein, making pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside. This enzyme is also involved in the flavone glycoside pathway, and daphnetin modification in some organisms. The role of the enzyme in these pathways is, again, to bind a glucoside to the substrate to construct a flavonol 3-O-glucoside.[6]  The structure of pelargonidin.  The structure of pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside.Nomenclature[edit]This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:flavonol 3-O-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include:GTI, uridine diphosphoglucose-flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase,UDP-glucose:flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase, andUDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT).Among those, UFGT is divided into UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UF3GT) and UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase (UF5GT), which are responsible for the glucosylation of anthocyanins to produce stable molecules.[7]Inhibitors and Structure of the Enzyme[edit]Some of the inhibitors of this enzyme include CaCl2, CoCl2, Cu+2, CuCl2, KCl, Mg+2, and Mn+2.[8] The primary active site residue of this enzyme is Asp181, as determined by studies of how mutations affect enzyme capacity.[9] There are several documentations of the crystalline structure of flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase (2C1X, 2C1Z, and 2C9Z),[10] and, based on these renderings of the enzyme, there is only one subunit in the quaternary structure of the molecule.References[edit]^ http:\/\/brenda-enzymes.info\/enzyme.php?ecno=2.4.1.91&Suchword=&reference=&organism%5B%5D=Vitis+vinifera&show_tm=0#REACTION TYPE^ Dooner, H.K. & Nelson, O.E. Biochem Genet (1977) 15: 509. doi:10.1007\/BF00520194^ Kobayashi S, Ishimaru M, Ding CK, Yakushiji H, Goto N (February 2001). “Comparison of UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene sequences between white grapes (Vitis vinifera) and their sports with red skin”. Plant Sci. 160 (3): 543\u2013550. doi:10.1016\/S0168-9452(00)00425-8. PMID\u00a011166442.^ “BRENDA – Information on EC 2.4.1.91 – flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase”.^ http:\/\/brenda-enzymes.info\/enzyme.php?ecno=2.4.1.91&Suchword=&reference=&organism%5B%5D=Vitis+vinifera&show_tm=0#SOURCE TISSUE^ “KEGG ENZYME: 2.4.1.115”. www.genome.jp. Retrieved 2016-12-06.^ Zhao DQ, Han CX, Ge JT, Tao J (November 2012). “Isolation of a UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase gene and expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)”. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology. 15 (6). doi:10.2225\/vol15-issue6-fulltext-7.^ Schomburg, Professor Dietmar; Schomburg, Dr Ida, eds. (1 January 2006). “Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase”. Springer Handbook of Enzymes. Vol.\u00a032. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp.\u00a021\u201329. doi:10.1007\/978-3-540-49534-5_2. ISBN\u00a0978-3-540-32591-8.^ Hiromoto, Takeshi; Honjo, Eijiro; Noda, Naonobu; Tamada, Taro; Kazuma, Kohei; Suzuki, Masahiko; Blaber, Michael; Kuroki, Ryota (2016-12-06). “Structural basis for acceptor-substrate recognition of UDP-glucose: anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase from Clitoria ternatea”. Protein Science. 24 (3): 395\u2013407. doi:10.1002\/pro.2630. ISSN\u00a00961-8368. PMC\u00a04353365. PMID\u00a025556637.^ Offen, W; Martinez-Fleites, C; Yang, M; Kiat-Lim, E; Davis, B.G; Tarling, C.A; Ford, C.M; Bowles, D.J; Davies, G.J. (2006-01-01). “Structure of a Flavonoid Glucosyltransferase Reveals the Basis for Plant Natural Product Modification”. EMBO J. 25 (6): 1396\u2013405. doi:10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600970. PMC\u00a01422153. PMID\u00a016482224.Further reading[edit]  "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/flavonol-3-o-glucosyltransferase-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase – Wikipedia"}}]}]