[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-gene-family\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-gene-family\/","headline":"Low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family","name":"Low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family codes for a class of structurally related cell surface","datePublished":"2021-06-03","dateModified":"2021-06-03","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/98\/Structure_of_LDL_receptor_family_members.png\/400px-Structure_of_LDL_receptor_family_members.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/98\/Structure_of_LDL_receptor_family_members.png\/400px-Structure_of_LDL_receptor_family_members.png","height":"383","width":"400"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-gene-family\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":2367,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThe low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family codes for a class of structurally related cell surface receptors that fulfill diverse biological functions in different organs, tissues, and cell types.[3] The role that is most commonly associated with this evolutionarily ancient family is cholesterol homeostasis (maintenance of appropriate concentration of cholesterol). In humans, excess cholesterol in the blood is captured by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and removed by the liver via endocytosis of the LDL receptor.[4] Recent evidence indicates that the members of the LDL receptor gene family are active in the cell signalling pathways between specialized cells in many, if not all, multicellular organisms.[5][6]There are seven members of the LDLR family in mammals, namely:Table of ContentsHuman proteins containing this domain[edit]Class A[edit]Class B[edit]See also[edit]Structure[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]Human proteins containing this domain[edit]Listed below are human proteins containing low-density lipoprotein receptor domains:Class A[edit]C6;        C7;        8A;       8B;       C9;        CD320;     CFI;CORIN;     DGCR2;     HSPG2;     LDLR;      LDLRAD2;   LDLRAD3;   LRP1;      LRP10;LRP11;     LRP12;     LRP1B;     LRP2;      LRP3;      LRP4;      LRP5;      LRP6;LRP8;      MAMDC4;    MFRP;      PRSS7;     RXFP1;     RXFP2;     SORL1;     SPINT1;SSPO;      ST14;      TMPRSS4;   TMPRSS6;   TMPRSS7;   TMPRSS9 (serase-1B);   VLDLR;Class B[edit]EGF;       LDLR;      LRP1;      LRP10;     LRP1B;     LRP2;      LRP4;      LRP5;LRP5L;     LRP6;      LRP8;      NID1;      NID2;      SORL1;     VLDLR;See also[edit]Structure[edit]  Modular structure of LDL receptor family members. Domains depicted hatched are differentially spliced and occur in some receptor isoforms onlyThe members of the LDLR family are characterized by distinct functional domains present in characteristic numbers. These modules are:LDL receptor type A (LA) repeats of 40 residues each, displaying a triple-disulfide-bond-stabilized negatively charged surface; certain head-to-tail combinations of these repeats are believed to specify ligand interactions;LDL receptor type B repeats, also known as EGF precursor homology regions, containing EGF-like repeats and YWTD beta propeller domains;a transmembrane domain, andthe cytoplasmic region with (a) signal(s) for receptor internalization via coated pits, containing the consensus tetrapeptide Asn-Pro-Xaa-Tyr (NPxY). This cytoplasmic tail controls both endocytosis and signaling by interacting with the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain-containing proteins.In addition to these domains which can be found in all receptors of the gene family, LDL receptor and certain isoforms of ApoER2 and VLDLR contain a short region which can undergo O-linked glycosylation, known as O-linked sugar domain. ApoER2 moreover, can harbour a cleavage site for the protease furin between type A and type B repeats which enables production of a soluble receptor fragment by furin-mediated processing.References[edit]^ Daly NL, Scanlon MJ, Djordjevic JT, Kroon PA, Smith R (July 1995). “Three-dimensional structure of a cysteine-rich repeat from the low-density lipoprotein receptor”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (14): 6334\u20138. Bibcode:1995PNAS…92.6334D. doi:10.1073\/pnas.92.14.6334. PMC\u00a041512. PMID\u00a07603991.^ Rudenko G, Henry L, Henderson K,  et\u00a0al. (December 2002). “Structure of the LDL receptor extracellular domain at endosomal pH” (PDF). Science. 298 (5602): 2353\u20138. Bibcode:2002Sci…298.2353R. doi:10.1126\/science.1078124. PMID\u00a012459547. S2CID\u00a017712211.^ Nykjaer A, Willnow TE (June 2002). “The low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family: a cellular Swiss army knife?”. Trends Cell Biol. 12 (6): 273\u201380. doi:10.1016\/S0962-8924(02)02282-1. PMID\u00a012074887.^ Li Y, Lu W, Marzolo MP, Bu G (May 2001). “Differential functions of members of the low density lipoprotein receptor family suggested by their distinct endocytosis rates”. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (21): 18000\u20136. doi:10.1074\/jbc.M101589200. PMID\u00a011279214.^ Gotthardt M, Trommsdorff M, Nevitt MF, Shelton J, Richardson JA, Stockinger W, Nimpf J, Herz J (August 2000). “Interactions of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family with cytosolic adaptor and scaffold proteins suggest diverse biological functions in cellular communication and signal transduction”. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (33): 25616\u201324. doi:10.1074\/jbc.M000955200. PMID\u00a010827173.^ Beffert U, Stolt PC, Herz J (March 2004). “Functions of lipoprotein receptors in neurons”. J. Lipid Res. 45 (3): 403\u20139. doi:10.1194\/jlr.R300017-JLR200. PMID\u00a014657206.External links[edit]  "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-gene-family\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family"}}]}]