[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/panthera-gombaszoegensis-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/panthera-gombaszoegensis-wikipedia\/","headline":"Panthera gombaszoegensis &#8211; Wikipedia","name":"Panthera gombaszoegensis &#8211; Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Extinct European jaguar species Panthera gombaszoegensis, also known as the European jaguar, is a Panthera","datePublished":"2021-02-25","dateModified":"2021-02-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-logo.png","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-logo.png","height":"101","width":"135"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/panthera-gombaszoegensis-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4414,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaExtinct European jaguar speciesPanthera gombaszoegensis, also known as the European jaguar,  is a Panthera species that lived from about 2.0 to 0.35 million years ago in Europe.[1] The first fossils were excavated in 1938 in Gombasek, Slovakia.[2]More of its fossil remains were excavated from the Olivola site in Italy, while finds elsewhere in Italy were initially named Panthera toscana.[3] Later fossils were found in England, Germany, Spain, France, and the Netherlands. Sometimes it is recognized as a subspecies of Panthera onca, the jaguar, as Panthera onca gombaszoegensis.[4]Table of ContentsDescription[edit]History[edit]Taxonomy[edit]Habitat and behavior[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Description[edit]European jaguars were larger than modern-day jaguars found in South America,[5] such as Pantanal and Peruvian jaguars.[6] With a bodyweight between 70 and 210\u00a0kg (154 to 463\u00a0lbs),[7] they were therefore probably capable of bringing down larger prey. Like other Panthera species, they are thought to have been sexually dimorphic, with significantly larger males.[1]History[edit]The ancestors of jaguars are thought to have arisen in Africa; a related form of Panthera was present in South Africa 1.9 Ma ago.[7] Another form similar to P. gombaszoegensis has been found dating from early Pleistocene East Africa and had both lion- and tiger-like characteristics.[5]P. gombaszoegensis was initially the only European Pantherinae species in the Early Pleistocene, being present alongside the felines Acinonyx pardinensis[8] and Puma pardoides and the machairodontines Homotherium latidens and Megantereon whitei.[9]Leopards arrived later in the Early Pleistocene[9] or the Middle Pleistocene,[1] and lions in the Middle Pleistocene.[1]Taxonomy[edit]Leo gombaszoegensis was the scientific name proposed by Mikl\u00f3s Kretzoi in 1938 for teeth found in Tertiary deposits in Gombasek Cave, Slovakia.[2] It was reassessed and subordinated to the genus Panthera in 1971. The following are considered to belong to P. gombaszoegensis as well:[10][11][12]Panthera toscana proposed in 1949 for carnassial teeth found in Villafranchian deposits in the Arno river valley in Italy.[13] These remains were originally described as a distinct species and later as  subspecies Panthera gombaszoegensis toscana.[3][7] It is sometimes referred to as the Tuscany jaguar or Tuscany lion.Felis (Panthera) schreuderi proposed in 1960 for cat fossils found in Tegelen, the Netherlands.[14]Jansofelis vaufreyi proposed in 1971 for cat fossils found in southeastern France.[15]Some remains once attributed to P. gombaszoegensis have more recently been identified as Acinonyx pardinensis.[8]A 2022 study based on a relatively complete skull from Belgium suggested that P. gombaszoegensis is more closely related to the tiger (Panthera tigris), than the jaguar.[16]Habitat and behavior[edit]The European jaguar has often been thought to be a forest-dwelling cat, similar in habits to the modern jaguar, although recent work suggests that the association between the European jaguar and forested habitats is not as strong as has often been assumed.[17] It was probably a solitary animal.See also[edit]References[edit]^ a b c d Marciszak, A. (2014). &#8220;Presence of Panthera gombaszoegensis (Kretzoi, 1938) in the late Middle Pleistocene of Bi\u015bnik Cave, Poland, with an overview of Eurasian jaguar size variability&#8221;. Quaternary International. 326\u2013327: 105\u2013113. Bibcode:2014QuInt.326..105M. doi:10.1016\/j.quaint.2013.12.029.^ a b Kretzoi, M. (1938). &#8220;Die Raubtiere von Gombasz\u00f6g nebst einer \u00dcbersicht der Gesamtfauna (Ein Beitrag zur Stratigraphie des Altquart\u00e4rs)&#8221;. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici. Budapest: Hungarian Natural History Museum. 31: 88\u2013157.^ a b Turner, A.; Anton, M. (1997). The Big Cats and Their Fossil Relatives: An Illustrated Guide to Their Evolution and Natural History. Columbia University Press. ISBN\u00a09780231102285.^ Hemmer, H.; Kahlke, R.-D. (2005). &#8220;Nachweis des Jaguars (Panthera onca gombaszoegensis) aus dem sp\u00e4ten Unter- oder fr\u00fchen Mittelpleistoz\u00e4n der Niederlande&#8221;. Deinsea, Annual of the Natural History Museum Rotterdam: 47\u201357.^ a b Mol, D.; van Logchem, W.; de Vos, J. (2011). &#8220;New record of the European jaguar, Panthera onca gombaszoegensis (Kretzoi, 1938), from the Plio-Pleistocene of Langenboom (The Netherlands)&#8221;. Cainozoic Research. 8 (1\u20132): 35\u201340. Retrieved 2015-09-28.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)^ Seymour, K.L. (1989). &#8220;Panthera onca&#8221; (PDF). Mammalian Species (340): 1\u20139. doi:10.2307\/3504096. JSTOR\u00a03504096. S2CID\u00a0253932256. Retrieved 2015-09-04.^ a b c Argant, Alain; Argant, Jacqueline (2011). &#8220;The Panthera gombaszogensis story: the contribution of the Ch\u00e2teau Breccia (Sa\u00f4ne-et-Loire, Burgundy, France)&#8221;. Quaternaire (Hors-serie 4): 247\u2013269.^ a b Cherin, M.; Iurino, D.A.; Zanatta, M.; Fernandez, V.; Paciaroni, A.; Petrillo, C.; Rettori, R.; Sardella, R. (2018). &#8220;Synchrotron radiation reveals the identity of the large felid from Monte Argentario (Early Pleistocene, Italy)&#8221;. Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 8338. Bibcode:2018NatSR&#8230;8.8338C. doi:10.1038\/s41598-018-26698-6. PMC\u00a05974229. PMID\u00a029844540.^ a b Rodr\u00edguez, J.; Mateos, A. (2018). &#8220;Carrying capacity, carnivoran richness and hominin survival in Europe&#8221;. Journal of Human Evolution. 118: 72\u201388. doi:10.1016\/j.jhevol.2018.01.004. PMID\u00a029606204.^ Hemmer, H. (1971). &#8220;Zur Charakterisierung und stratigraphischen Bedeutung von Panthera gombaszoegensis (Kretzoi, 1938)&#8221;. Neues Jahrbuch f\u00fcr Geologie und Pal\u00e4ontologie, Monatshefte. 12: 701\u2013711.^ Hemmer, H. (1972). &#8220;Zur systematischen Stellung von &#8220;Jansofelis vaufreyi&#8221; BONIFAY, 1971, und &#8220;Felis lunellensis&#8221; BONIFAY, 1971, aus dem Pleistoz\u00e4n S\u00fcdfrankreichs (Carnivora, Felidae)&#8221;. Neues Jahrbuch f\u00fcr Geologie und Pal\u00e4ontologie, Monatshefte: 215\u2013223.^ O&#8217;Regan, H.; Turner, A. (2004). &#8220;Biostratigraphic &#038; palaeoecological implications of new fossil felid material from the Plio-Pleistocene site of Tegelen, the Netherlands&#8221;. Palaeontology. 47 (5): 1181\u20131193. doi:10.1111\/j.0031-0239.2004.00400.x. S2CID\u00a085114506.^ Schaub, S. (1949). &#8220;R\u00e9vision de quelques Carnassiers villafranchiens du niveau des Etouaires (Montagne de Perrier, Puy-de-d\u00f4me)&#8221;. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae. 42 (2): 492\u2013506.^ von Koenigswald, G. H. R. (1960). &#8220;Fossil cats from the Tegelen clay&#8221;. Publicaties van Het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg. 12: 19\u201327.^ Bonifay, M. F. (1971). Carnivores Quarternaires du Sud-Est de la France. Nouvelle s\u00e9rie C. Vol.\u00a031. Paris: M\u00e9moires du Mus\u00e9um National d\u00b4Histoire Naturelle. p.\u00a0377.^ Chatar, Narimane; Michaud, Margot; Fischer, Valentin (September 2022).  Silcox, Mary (ed.). &#8220;Not a jaguar after all? Phylogenetic affinities and morphology of the Pleistocene felid Panthera gombaszoegensis&#8221;. Papers in Palaeontology. 8 (5). doi:10.1002\/spp2.1464. ISSN\u00a02056-2799. S2CID\u00a0252489047.^ O&#8217;Regan, H.J.; Turner, A. (2002). &#8220;Wilkinson. European Quaternary refugia: a factor in large carnivore extinction?&#8221; (PDF). Journal of Quaternary Science. 17 (8): 789\u2013795. doi:10.1002\/jqs.693. S2CID\u00a0130275622. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-08-21. Retrieved 2006-07-02.Wikimedia ErrorOur servers are currently under maintenance or experiencing a technical problem.Please try again in a few\u00a0minutes.See the error message at the bottom of this page for more\u00a0information. 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