[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/radical-113-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/radical-113-wikipedia\/","headline":"Radical 113 – Wikipedia","name":"Radical 113 – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Radical 113 or radical spirit (\u793a\u90e8) meaning ancestor or veneration is number 113","datePublished":"2016-12-10","dateModified":"2016-12-10","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a8\/%E7%A4%BB-order.gif\/150px-%E7%A4%BB-order.gif","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a8\/%E7%A4%BB-order.gif\/150px-%E7%A4%BB-order.gif","height":"150","width":"150"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/radical-113-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":1697,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Radical 113 or radical spirit (\u793a\u90e8) meaning ancestor or veneration is number 113 out of the 214 Kangxi radicals. It is one of the 23 radicals composed of 5 strokes. When appearing at the left side of a character, the radical transforms into \u793b (consisting of 4 strokes) in modern Chinese and Japanese j\u014dy\u014d kanji.The compound form \u793b always appears in the left half of the characters.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 213 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.\u793a is also the 100th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, with the left component form \u793b being its associated indexing component.The character \u793a represents an altar or offering table, the top stroke depicting the offered goods. In the oracle bone script, the table has a T shape.Semantically, the sign suggests a relation to anything connected with animism in traditional Chinese religion, such as \u796d “to sacrifice, to practice ancestor veneration”, ultimately composed of the sign for meat \u8089 and the sign for a hand \u624b above the altar character, as it iconographically means “hand placing meat on an altar”. The sign \u795f for “evil spirit” originally referred to misfortune caused by malevolent spirits.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In \u7981 (j\u00ecn) “to forbid, restrict, restrain”, the \u6797 (l\u00edn) above the radical has only phonetic significance (rebus writing). Similarly, \u795e “spirit” has radical 113 plus \u7533 (sh\u0113n) as a phonetic marker. \u7956 “ancestor” on the other hand has radical 113 plus \u4e14, a pictograph of a stand with shelves for offerings to ancestors.Some signs including the radical have no connection with spirits or animism and are placed in the category purely on formal grounds, such as \u7968 “ticket” which originally had radical \u706b rather than \u793a.Table of ContentsEvolution[edit]Derived characters[edit]Variant forms[edit]Literature[edit]External links[edit]See also[edit]Evolution[edit]Derived characters[edit]Variant forms[edit]  Stroke order of the left component form \u793bThis radical takes different forms in different languages or characters.When used as a left component, traditionally, only \u2eac was used in printing, while \u793b was overwhelmingly preferred in writing regular script. In the Kangxi Dictionary, \u2eac was chosen as the standard form.In mainland China, after the adoption of simplified Chinese characters and xin zixing (new character forms), \u793b, which used to be a handwriting form, became the standard xin zixing printing form (e.g. \u795e, \u798f). This change also applies to China’s Guo Biao (national standard) Traditional Chinese characters used chiefly in printing Chinese classics (e.g. \u79aa). \u793b is also chosen as the standard form in the Taiwan standard and the Hong Kong standard of Traditional Chinese, though \u2eac (traditional) and \u793b (the first stroke is vertical) are also widely used in Traditional Chinese publications.In Japan, \u793b was adopted as the standard form of in shinjitai, and the difference between \u793b and \u2eac is treated as the difference between the new and old forms (e.g. \u79aa\u2192\u7985). However, this simplification applies only to j\u014dy\u014d kanji. While JIS X 0208:1983 simplified some hy\u014dgai kanji with the left component \u2eac (e.g. \u7947), this change was not in conformity with the Publishing Standard Glyphs of hy\u014dgai kanji released by the National Language Council in 2000 and was undone in later versions of JIS. Hy\u014dgai kanji with the simplified form \u793b are often seen as extended shinjitai. Both forms are acceptable when writing hy\u014dgai kanji, but only the simplified form is recognized as the standard form in j\u014dy\u014d kanji.The left component form is not simplified in Korean hanja (e.g. \u795e, \u798f).The radical also has different variants when appearing independently or at the bottom of a character.In the Kangxi Dictionary, \u793a as an independent character does not have a hook in its third stroke, while the hook exists when the radical is used as a component. Both forms have traditionally been widely used for printing and handwriting, while in modern times, different authorities have prescribed different forms as their standards. The hook does not exist in Taiwan’s Standard Form of National Characters, exists in Mainland China’s Guo Biao standard, Japanese kanji, and Korean hanja.Kangxi DictionaryChinese (Mainland China)JapaneseKoreanChinese (Taiwan)\u793a \u7981\u793a \u7981\u793a \u7981Literature[edit]Fazzioli, Edoardo (1987). Chinese calligraphy\u00a0: from pictograph to ideogram\u00a0: the history of 214 essential Chinese\/Japanese characters. calligraphy by Rebecca Hon Ko. New York: Abbeville Press. ISBN\u00a00-89659-774-1.Leyi Li: \u201cTracing the Roots of Chinese Characters: 500 Cases\u201d. Beijing 1993, ISBN\u00a0978-7-5619-0204-2External links[edit]See also[edit]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/radical-113-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Radical 113 – Wikipedia"}}]}]