[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/trefoil-factor-2-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/trefoil-factor-2-wikipedia\/","headline":"Trefoil factor 2 – Wikipedia","name":"Trefoil factor 2 – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens Trefoil factor 2 is a protein","datePublished":"2019-04-11","dateModified":"2019-04-11","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/trefoil-factor-2-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":5166,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiensTrefoil factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TFF2 gene.[5][6][7]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Members of the trefoil family are characterized by having at least one copy of the trefoil motif, a 40-amino acid domain that contains three conserved disulfides. They are stable secretory proteins expressed in gastrointestinal mucosa. Their functions are not defined, but they may protect the mucosa from insults, stabilize the mucus layer and affect healing of the epithelium. The encoded protein inhibits gastric acid secretion. This gene and two other related trefoil family member genes are found in a cluster on chromosome 21.[7]Glycan binding[edit]All human trefoil factors are lectins that interact specifically with the disaccharide GlcNAc-\u03b1-1,4-Gal.[8] This disaccharide is an unusual glycotope that is only known to exist on the large, heavily glycosylated, mucins in the mucosa. By cross-linking mucins through the bivalent binding of this glycotope, the trefoil factors are then able to reversible modulate the thickness and viscosity of the mucus.[8]References[edit]^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000160181 – Ensembl, May 2017^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024028 – Ensembl, May 2017^ “Human PubMed Reference:”. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.^ “Mouse PubMed Reference:”. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.^ Tomasetto C, Rockel N, Mattei MG, Fujita R, Rio MC (Sep 1992). “The gene encoding the human spasmolytic protein (SML1\/hSP) is in 21q 22.3, physically linked to the homologous breast cancer marker gene BCEI\/pS2”. Genomics. 13 (4): 1328\u201330. doi:10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90059-2. PMID\u00a01505966.^ Gott P, Beck S, Machado JC, Carneiro F, Schmitt H, Blin N (May 1997). “Human trefoil peptides: genomic structure in 21q22.3 and coordinated expression”. Eur J Hum Genet. 4 (6): 308\u201315. doi:10.1159\/000472224. PMID\u00a09043862. S2CID\u00a025235589.^ a b “Entrez Gene: TFF2 trefoil factor 2 (spasmolytic protein 1)”.^ a b J\u00e4rv\u00e5 MA, Lingford JP, John A, Soler NM, Scott NE, Goddard-Borger ED (May 2020). “Trefoil factors share a lectin activity that defines their role in mucus”. Nature Communications. 11 (1): 2265. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.2265J. doi:10.1038\/s41467-020-16223-7. PMC\u00a07221086. PMID\u00a032404934.Further reading[edit]Advenier C, Lagente V, Boichot E (1997). “The role of tachykinin receptor antagonists in the prevention of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and cough”. Eur. Respir. J. 10 (8): 1892\u2013906. doi:10.1183\/09031936.97.10081892. PMID\u00a09272936.Langer G, Jagla W, Behrens-Baumann W,  et\u00a0al. (2003). “Ocular TFF-peptides: new mucus-associated secretory products of conjunctival goblet cells”. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 506 (Pt A): 313\u20136. doi:10.1007\/978-1-4615-0717-8_44. ISBN\u00a0978-1-4613-5208-2. PMID\u00a012613926.Tomasetto C, Rio MC, Gautier C,  et\u00a0al. (1990). “hSP, the domain-duplicated homolog of pS2 protein, is co-expressed with pS2 in stomach but not in breast carcinoma”. EMBO J. 9 (2): 407\u201314. doi:10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08125.x. PMC\u00a0551681. PMID\u00a02303034.Bhogal N, Donnelly D, Findlay JB (1994). “The ligand binding site of the neurokinin 2 receptor. Site-directed mutagenesis and identification of neurokinin A binding residues in the human neurokinin 2 receptor”. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (44): 27269\u201374. doi:10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)46979-7. PMID\u00a07961636.Hanby AM, Poulsom R, Singh S,  et\u00a0al. (1993). “Spasmolytic polypeptide is a major antral peptide: distribution of the trefoil peptides human spasmolytic polypeptide and pS2 in the stomach”. Gastroenterology. 105 (4): 1110\u20136. doi:10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90956-d. PMID\u00a08405856.Itoh H, Tomita M, Uchino H,  et\u00a0al. (1996). “cDNA cloning of rat pS2 peptide and expression of trefoil peptides in acetic acid-induced colitis”. Biochem. J. 318 (3): 939\u201344. doi:10.1042\/bj3180939. PMC\u00a01217708. PMID\u00a08836141.May FE, Westley BR (1997). “Close physical linkage of the genes encoding the pNR-2\/pS2 protein and human spasmolytic protein (hSP)”. Hum. Genet. 99 (3): 303\u20137. doi:10.1007\/s004390050362. PMID\u00a09050913. S2CID\u00a022603186.Seib T, Blin N, Hilgert K,  et\u00a0al. (1997). “The three human trefoil genes TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 are located within a region of 55 kb on chromosome 21q22.3”. Genomics. 40 (1): 200\u20132. doi:10.1006\/geno.1996.4511. PMID\u00a09070946.Kayademir T, Silva Edos S, Pusch C,  et\u00a0al. (1998). “A novel 25 bp tandem repeat within the human trefoil peptide gene TFF2 in 21q22.3: polymorphism and mammalian evolution”. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 6 (2): 121\u20138. doi:10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5200166. PMID\u00a09781055.Brunelleschi S, Bordin G, Colangelo D, Viano I (1999). “Tachykinin receptors on human monocytes: their involvement in rheumatoid arthritis”. Neuropeptides. 32 (3): 215\u201323. doi:10.1016\/S0143-4179(98)90040-3. PMID\u00a010189055. S2CID\u00a040222022.May FE, Semple JI, Newton JL, Westley BR (2000). “The human two domain trefoil protein, TFF2, is glycosylated in vivo in the stomach”. Gut. 46 (4): 454\u20139. doi:10.1136\/gut.46.4.454. PMC\u00a01727891. PMID\u00a010716671.Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD,  et\u00a0al. (2000). “The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21”. Nature. 405 (6784): 311\u20139. Bibcode:2000Natur.405..311H. doi:10.1038\/35012518. PMID\u00a010830953.Berry A, Scott HS, Kudoh J,  et\u00a0al. (2001). “Refined localization of autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness DFNB10 locus using 34 novel microsatellite markers, genomic structure, and exclusion of six known genes in the region”. Genomics. 68 (1): 22\u20139. doi:10.1006\/geno.2000.6253. PMID\u00a010950923.Bulitta CJ, Fleming JV, Raychowdhury R,  et\u00a0al. (2002). “Autoinduction of the trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) promoter requires an upstream cis-acting element”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 293 (1): 366\u201374. doi:10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00199-7. PMID\u00a012054609.Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH,  et\u00a0al. (2003). “Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899\u2013903. Bibcode:2002PNAS…9916899M. doi:10.1073\/pnas.242603899. PMC\u00a0139241. PMID\u00a012477932.Hu GY, Yu BP, Dong WG,  et\u00a0al. (2003). “Expression of TFF2 and Helicobacter pylori infection in carcinogenesis of gastric mucosa”. World J. Gastroenterol. 9 (5): 910\u20134. doi:10.3748\/wjg.v9.i5.910. PMC\u00a04611396. PMID\u00a012717829.     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