[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/wilbur-j-carr-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/wilbur-j-carr-wikipedia\/","headline":"Wilbur J. Carr – Wikipedia","name":"Wilbur J. Carr – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 American diplomat and reformer Wilbur J. Carr after-content-x4 In officeJuly 13, 1937\u00a0\u2013 April","datePublished":"2018-04-17","dateModified":"2018-04-17","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/8a\/CARR%2C_WILBUR_J.%2C_HONORABLE.jpg\/220px-CARR%2C_WILBUR_J.%2C_HONORABLE.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/8a\/CARR%2C_WILBUR_J.%2C_HONORABLE.jpg\/220px-CARR%2C_WILBUR_J.%2C_HONORABLE.jpg","height":"274","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki24\/wilbur-j-carr-wikipedia\/","wordCount":3294,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4American diplomat and reformerWilbur J. Carr       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In officeJuly 13, 1937\u00a0\u2013 April 6, 1939PresidentFranklin D. RooseveltPreceded byJ. Butler WrightSucceeded byAnthony J. Biddle Jr.In officeJuly 1, 1924\u00a0\u2013 July 28, 1937PresidentCalvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover Franklin D. RooseveltPreceded byLeland B. HarrisonSucceeded byGeorge S. MessersmithBorn(1870-10-31)October 31, 1870Taylorsville, Ohio, U.S.DiedJune 26, 1942(1942-06-26) (aged\u00a071)Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.Cause\u00a0of\u00a0deathMyocardial infarctionSpouse(s)Mary Eugenia Crane;Edith Adele Koon\u200b(m.\u00a0)\u200bEducationUniversity of KentuckyGeorge Washington University (LL.B.)Columbian University (LL.M.)ProfessionDiplomatWilbur John Carr (October 31, 1870 – June 26, 1942) was an American diplomat. He was a leader in building a professional American diplomatic corps, cutting it loose from domestic politics. He was named one of three Great Civil Servants, along with William Hunter, and Alvey Augustus Adee.[1]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of ContentsEarly life and education[edit]Later life and death[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]Early life and education[edit]He was born in Taylorsville, Ohio,[2] on October 31, 1870.[3] He attended college in Kentucky, graduating from the Commercial College of the University of Kentucky in 1889. After taking a shorthand course, he became a stenographer and accountant at Peekskill Military Academy while continuing his education.[4][5] In 1894, he received an LL.B. from Georgetown University; in 1899, he was awarded an LL.M. from Columbian University.[3]On June 1, 1892, he was appointed a clerk in the Department of State. Ten years later, he became Chief of the Consular Bureau, then Chief Clerk of the Department. On November 30, 1909, he became Director of the Consular Service, an office created specifically for him, and which he held through June 30, 1924.[6][7] He helped establish Civil Service reform, leading to the Rogers Act.Carr’s most prominent success in bringing professionalism to the foreign service was achieving passage of the Lodge Act of April 1906. It made officers of the Consular Service careerists on regular salaries, rather than amateurs who depended on collecting fees from applications. He worked with President Theodore Roosevelt on the executive order of June 1906 which ended the patronage system of appointing consuls for reasons of domestic politics, and instead required promotions by merit through competitive examinations. Additional laws of 1915 and 1931 created the Division of Foreign Service Personnel, of which Carr was the first chairman. He personally drafted the critical Rogers Act of 1924 which united the two rival services, consular and diplomatic, into an integrated Foreign Service. He helped design the quota system of the Immigration Act of 1924, giving significant powers to consuls to issue immigration visas. The promotion of American commerce was also a high priority, which he emphasized to consuls. He often found himself in opposition to old-line diplomats in the State Department.[8]From July 1, 1924 to July 28, 1937, Carr was Assistant Secretary of State.[9] In 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed him U.S. ambassador to Czechoslovakia.[10] In this time, among other activities, he documented the livelihoods and natural beauties of the country as an amateur videographer.[11] He was recalled in 1939, after the German invasion of Czechoslovakia forced the closure of the embassy.[3]There is direct evidence [12] that Carr was anti-Semitic and that his antipathy to Jews had a long history.Later life and death[edit]Carr retired from the United States Foreign Service after returning to the United States.Wilbur J. Carr died on June 26, 1942, of a heart attack, at Johns Hopkins Hospital.[3]His papers are held at the Library of Congress.[13]References[edit]^ “Three Great Civil Servants\u00a0: William Hunter, Alvey Augustus Adee, and Wilbur J. Carr” (PDF). Usdiplomacy.org. Retrieved 2013-11-07.^ “New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1957”. FamilySearch. Retrieved 19 January 2017.^ a b c d “WILBUR CARR DIES; EX-AIDE TO HULL; Former U. S. Envoy to Czechs Was Called ‘Father’ of This Nation’s Foreign Service AN OFFICIAL FOR 47 YEARS A Factor in Engaging Career Men for the Posts Abroad Instead of Politicians”. The New York Times. 1942-06-27. ISSN\u00a00362-4331. Retrieved 2019-11-09.^ Werking, Richard Hume (2015). The Master Architects: Building the United States Foreign Service, 1890-1913. University Press of Kentucky. pp.\u00a088\u2013120. ISBN\u00a09780813165127. Retrieved 19 January 2017.^ 104th Annual Report of the Regents. New York: University of the State of New York. 1892. p.\u00a01974.^ Young, John W., ed. (June 1922). “Hail to the Chief!”. American Consular Bulletin. 4 (6): 155\u2013159, 172\u2013175. Retrieved 19 January 2017.^ “Department of State Personalities of Note”. State.gov. 2004-01-01. Retrieved 2013-11-07.^ Bruce W. Jentleson and  Thomas G. Paterson,  eds. Encyclopedia of US foreign relations. (1997) 1:219.^ “Wilbur John Carr – People – Department History – Office of the Historian”. History.state.gov. Retrieved 2013-11-07.^ Peter Bridges,  “Mr Carr goes to Prague.” Diplomacy and Statecraft 8.3 (1997): 187-198.^ “Ako vyzeralo Slovensko v roku 1938? Unik\u00e1tne z\u00e1bery na\u0161ej krajiny \u0165a uchv\u00e1tia”. EMEFKA (in Slovak). 2023-02-28. Retrieved 2023-02-28.^ Barbara L. Bailin. “The Inflfluence of Anti-Semitism on United States Immigration Policy With respect to German Jews During 1933-1939”. CUNY City College. Retrieved 2020-02-06.^ “Wilbur J. Carr Papers\u00a0: A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress” (PDF). Memory.loc.gov. Retrieved 2013-11-07.External links[edit]Wikimedia ErrorOur servers are currently under maintenance or experiencing a technical problem.Please try again in a few\u00a0minutes.See the error message at the bottom of this page for more\u00a0information.      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