[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/2019\/04\/28\/ferredoxin-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/2019\/04\/28\/ferredoxin-wikipedia\/","headline":"Ferredoxin – Wikipedia","name":"Ferredoxin – Wikipedia","description":"Iron\u2013sulfur proteins that mediate electron transfer in metabolic reactions Ferredoxins (from Latin ferrum: iron + redox, often abbreviated “fd”) are","datePublished":"2019-04-28","dateModified":"2019-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/961c77b79c6c5277df106f207db09fb691d7bf72","url":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/961c77b79c6c5277df106f207db09fb691d7bf72","height":"","width":""},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/2019\/04\/28\/ferredoxin-wikipedia\/","wordCount":13525,"articleBody":"Iron\u2013sulfur proteins that mediate electron transfer in metabolic reactionsFerredoxins (from Latin ferrum: iron + redox, often abbreviated “fd”) are iron\u2013sulfur proteins that mediate electron transfer in a range of metabolic reactions. The term “ferredoxin” was coined by D.C. Wharton of the DuPont Co. and applied to the “iron protein” first purified in 1962 by Mortenson, Valentine, and Carnahan from the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium pasteurianum.[1][2]Another redox protein, isolated from spinach chloroplasts, was termed “chloroplast ferredoxin”.[3] The chloroplast ferredoxin is involved in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation reactions of photosynthesis. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, ferredoxin is the last electron acceptor thus reducing the enzyme NADP+ reductase.  It accepts electrons produced from sunlight-excited chlorophyll and transfers them to the enzyme ferredoxin: NADP+ oxidoreductase EC 1.18.1.2.Ferredoxins are small proteins containing iron and sulfur atoms organized as iron\u2013sulfur clusters. These biological “capacitors” can accept or discharge electrons, with the effect of a change in the oxidation state of the iron atoms between +2 and +3. In this way, ferredoxin acts as an electron transfer agent in biological redox reactions.Other bioinorganic electron transport systems include rubredoxins, cytochromes, blue copper proteins, and the structurally related Rieske proteins.Ferredoxins can be classified according to the nature of their iron\u2013sulfur clusters and by sequence similarity.Table of ContentsBioenergetics of ferredoxins[edit]Reduction of ferredoxin[edit]Direct reduction[edit]Membrane potential coupled reduction[edit]Electron bifurcation[edit]Direct reduction of high potential ferredoxins[edit]Fe2S2 ferredoxins[edit]Plant-type ferredoxins[edit]Thioredoxin-like ferredoxins[edit]Adrenodoxin-type ferredoxins[edit]Fe4S4 and Fe3S4 ferredoxins[edit]Bacterial-type ferredoxins[edit]High-potential iron\u2013sulfur proteins[edit]Human proteins from ferredoxin family[edit]References[edit]Further reading[edit]External links[edit]Bioenergetics of ferredoxins[edit]Ferredoxins typically carry out a single electron transfer.Fd0ox + \u200ae\u2212"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/2019\/04\/28\/ferredoxin-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Ferredoxin – Wikipedia"}}]}]