[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/maravedi-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/maravedi-wikipedia\/","headline":"Maraved\u00ed – Wikipedia","name":"Maraved\u00ed – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Historic Iberian currency The maraved\u00ed (Spanish pronunciation:\u00a0[ma\u027ea\u03b2e\u02c8\u00f0i]) or maravedi (Portuguese pronunciation:\u00a0[m\u0250\u027e\u0250v\u0268\u02c8\u00f0i]), (from Arabic: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a","datePublished":"2016-03-23","dateModified":"2016-03-23","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/99\/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg\/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/99\/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg\/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png","height":"40","width":"40"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/maravedi-wikipedia\/","wordCount":2346,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaHistoric Iberian currencyThe maraved\u00ed (Spanish pronunciation:\u00a0[ma\u027ea\u03b2e\u02c8\u00f0i]) or maravedi (Portuguese pronunciation:\u00a0[m\u0250\u027e\u0250v\u0268\u02c8\u00f0i]), (from Arabic: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a Almoravid dinar), was the name of various Iberian coins of gold and then silver between the 11th and 14th centuries and the name of different Iberian accounting units between the 11th and 19th centuries.Table of ContentsEtymology[edit]History[edit]See also[edit]Rare references[edit]Etymology[edit]Look up maraved\u00ed in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.The word maraved\u00ed comes from marabet or marabotin, a variety of the gold dinar struck in Iberia by, and named after, the Moorish Almoravids (Arabic \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646 al-Mur\u0101bit\u0169n, sing. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 Mur\u0101bit). The Spanish word maraved\u00ed is unusual in having three documented plural forms: maraved\u00eds, maraved\u00edes and maravedises. The first one is the most straightforward, the second is a variant plural formation found commonly in words ending with a stressed -\u00ed, whereas the third is the most unusual and the least recommended (Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola’s Diccionario panhisp\u00e1nico de dudas labels it “vulgar in appearance”[1]).History[edit]  The gold dinar was first struck in Iberia under Abd-ar-Rahman III, Emir of C\u00f3rdoba (912\u2013961). During the 11th century, the dinar became known as the morabit, morabotin or morabetino throughout Europe. In the 12th century, it was copied by the Christian rulers Sancho I of Portugal (1154-1211),[2][3]Ferdinand II of Le\u00f3n (1157\u20131188) and Alfonso VIII of Castile (1158\u20131214). The new version of the coin became known as the morabitino in the Kingdom of Portugal[2][3] and as maraved\u00ed in the remaining Iberian Kingdoms. Alfonso’s gold marabotin or maraved\u00ed retained inscriptions in Arabic but had the letters ALF at the bottom. It weighed about 3.8 grams.In Castile, the maraved\u00ed de oro soon became the accounting unit for gold, alongside the sueldo (from solidus) for silver and the dinero (from [denarius]) for billon (vell\u00f3n in Spanish).  The gold content of the maraved\u00ed fell to a gram during the reign of James I of Aragon (1213\u20131276), and it kept falling, eventually becoming a silver coin under Alfonso X of Castile (1252\u20131284). By this time the word maraved\u00ed was being used for a specific coin officially, for any coin colloquially, and as a synonym for money itself, resulting in a certain confusion in interpreting 13th-century references to money, values, and coinage.  Alfonso X, for example, made three issues of billon, in each of which the new coin was called a maraved\u00ed. His basic silver coin of 1258\u20131271 was also called a maraved\u00ed (maraved\u00ed de plata). It weighed 6.00 g and contained 3.67 g of fine silver. It was worth 30 dineros. At that time, the money of account was the Maraved\u00ed of 15 Sueldos or 180 Dineros, so that one maraved\u00ed as an accounting unit was worth six silver maraved\u00ed coins.The silver maraved\u00ed money of account represented (according to one interpretation) about 22 g of silver in 1258. This had fallen to 11 g by 1271, to 3 g by 1286, and to 1.91 g in 1303. The gold maraved\u00ed had disappeared as a money of account by 1300. The maraved\u00ed de plata (silver maraved\u00ed) gradually came to be used as money of account for larger sums, for the value of gold coins, and for the mint price of silver, and eventually it supplanted the sueldo as the main accounting unit. Alfonso XI (1312\u20131350) did not call any of his coins a maraved\u00ed, and henceforth the term was used only as a unit of account and not as the name of a coin.In 1537 it became the smallest Spanish unit of account, the thirty-fourth part of a real. In the new world, nonetheless, there are documents which testify to the reduction of their value to less than the thirtieth part of a real. This reduction was on account of the cost and risk of their transportation from Spain, before the establishment of the first mint houses of Mexico and Santo Domingo.  The maraved\u00ed remained a money of account in Spain until 1847.[citation needed]After Spain’s discovery of the Americas, copper maraved\u00eds, along with silver reales, were the first coins struck in Spain for the purpose of circulation in the New World colonies. These coins, minted with a special design for specific use of the Americas, were first coined in Seville in 1505 for shipment to the colonial island of Hispaniola the following year, thus giving these coins their distinction as the first coins for the New World.  By 1531 these coins were still being minted, by now in both Seville and Burgos. These maraved\u00eds were used as Spanish Colonial change for smaller transactions and after mints were later established in the New World, in both Mexico (ordered in 1535, production began in 1536) and Santo Domingo (ordered in 1536, production began in 1542), coins of this type were also minted there.[citation needed]  The Fernando VII maraved\u00ed from 1830.See also[edit]Rare references[edit]Frey, Albert R. (1916), “A dictionary of numismatic names: their official and popular designations”, American Journal of Numismatics, I: 143.Proctor, Jorge A. (October 2001), “America’s First Official Coinage”, The Numismatist, Colorado Springs, Colorado.S\u00e9dillot, Ren\u00e9 (1955), Toutes les monnaies du monde, Paris: Recueil Sirey, pp.\u00a0170\u2013171, 325\u2013326.Sedwick, Daniel (January 1995), Practical Book of Cobs: History, Identification, Shipwrecks, Values, Market, Coin Photos, ISBN\u00a099913-0-101-1.Shaw, W.A. (1967) [1896], The history of currency 1251 to 1894: being an account of the gold and silver moneys and monetary standards of Europe and America, together with an examination of the effects of currency and exchange phenomena on commercial and national progress and well-being, New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, reprinted by Augustus M. Kelley, pp.\u00a0319\u2013344, LC 67\u00b720086."},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki4\/maravedi-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Maraved\u00ed – Wikipedia"}}]}]