[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/larysa-hienijus-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/larysa-hienijus-wikipedia\/","headline":"Larysa Hieniju\u0161 – Wikipedia","name":"Larysa Hieniju\u0161 – Wikipedia","description":"Belarusian poet Larysa Hieniju\u0161 (Belarusian: \u041b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044e\u0448; August 9, 1910 – April 7, 1983) was a Belarusian poet, writer and","datePublished":"2014-04-25","dateModified":"2014-04-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/ff\/Genijusz_Praga.jpg\/220px-Genijusz_Praga.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/ff\/Genijusz_Praga.jpg\/220px-Genijusz_Praga.jpg","height":"349","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/larysa-hienijus-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":1444,"articleBody":"Belarusian poet  Larysa Hieniju\u0161 (Belarusian: \u041b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044e\u0448; August 9, 1910 – April 7, 1983) was a Belarusian poet, writer and active participant of the national movement.Biography[edit]Childhood and youth[edit]She was born Larysa Mikla\u0161evi\u010d in the estate \u017dloba\u01d4cy (now Va\u01d4kavysk raion, Grodno Region) into the family of a wealthy land-owner. She had many siblings. Hieniju\u0161 went to a Polish school, in 1928 she successfully completed Va\u01d4kavysk Polish Gymnasium. At that time, she got acquainted with the world literature – the Polish, Scandinavian and English classics. She also started writing poetry.Life in Prague[edit]On 3 February she married a medical student, Janka Hieniju\u0161, who at that time was studying at Charles University, Prague. In 1937, after the birth of their son Jurka,  she joined her husband in Prague. There, one of Hieniju\u0161s’ neighbors was Alexandra Kosach-Shimanovskaya, sister of Lesya Ukrainka – the author whose work has greatly influenced the Belarusian poet. Hieniju\u0161’s first published poems appeared in “\u0420\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0430”, a Berlin newspaper of Belarusian emigrants in 1939. In July 1941, as a member of the Belarusian Self-Help Committee, Hieniju\u0161 issued a document to the Jewish family Wolfsohn, which they passed off as Orthodox Belarusians, although all committee members were aware that they were Jews. Because of this, the Wolfsohn family was able to survive the Second World War.[1] In 1942, her first collection of poetry, \u00ab\u0410\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0456\u045e\u00bb was published. It was filled with nostalgia and thoughts about the fate of her homeland.When in 1939 the Red Army took over western Belarus, the poet’s father, Anton Mikla\u0161evi\u010d, was shot dead and his mother and two sisters were deported to Kazakhstan. According to the will of the then President of the Belarusian People’s Republic (BNR) Vasil Zacharka, Larysa Hieniju\u0161 was appointed Secretary General of the Government of BNR in exile in March 1943. She preserved and organised the BNR archive, took care of Belarusian immigrants, political refugees and prisoners of war. She hid the most valuable part of the archive in the location out of the reach of the NKVD and the MGB. Later, the Soviet security service tortured the poet to get hold of the archive.Arrest and conviction[edit]After the Second World War, Larysa Hieniju\u0161 with her husband and son lived in Vimperk near Prague. 5 March 1948, they were arrested by the MGB. Both Larysa and Janka Hieniju\u0161 were kept in the prisons in Czechoslovakia and Lviv, Ukraine. In October 1948 they were transferred to a prison in Minsk. Here Larysa Hieniju\u0161 was interrogated and tortured by the BSSR Minister of State Security Lavrentiy Tsanava.On 7 February 1949, both Hieniju\u0161es were sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment. The poet served her term in the camps of the Komi ASSR. She showed an example of a phenomenal spiritual strength by bringing together Belarusians and prisoners of other nationalities, and continued writing poetry. Prisoners called her Mother and her poems – glucose, memorising them by heart and reading as a prayer. After eight years, Larysa Hieniju\u0161 was released in 1956.The tragic fate befell other members of Mikla\u0161evi\u010d family: the poet’s mother and two sisters died in Kazakhstan in 1945; her brother, Arkad\u017a, soldier in the Anders’ Army, died on 27 July 1944 in the Battle of Monte Cassino in Italy, and another brother, Ra\u015bcisla\u01d4, soldier in the Polish Army, died on 26 (28?) April 1945 near Berlin.Zelva years[edit]After her release, the poet settled in her husband’s home in Zelva. Both Hieniju\u0161es refused to accept the Soviet citizenship and the rest of their lives lived with a note “Stateless” in their passports. On several occasions they requested rehabilitation, but every time received a reply: \u201cSentenced lawfully\u201d. KGB followed the poet everywhere, read the letters sent to her from all around the world, installed spying devices in her house.  Janka Hieniju\u0161 was allowed to work as a doctor in the local clinic, and her wife – not for long – as a cleaner. In 1979, Janka died and the poet was allocated a meager pension. The authorities denied the poet a quiet old age; only once she was allowed to visit her son Jurka, who lived in Bia\u0142ystok, Poland.[2]For nearly ten years, the poet’s works were totally banned. Only in 1963, her post-imprisonment poems were published in Belarusian magazines for the first time. Thanks to the then Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the BSSR, Maksim Tank, Larysa Hieniju\u0161’s first in Belarus collection of works, \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0437\u044c \u041d\u0451\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00bb was published in 1967. It was edited by Uladzimir Karatkievi\u010d pro bono. It included most of the poems from \u00ab\u0410\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0456\u045e\u00bb without some excerpts removed by censors, as well as new poems of the Zelva period. Then, for years she was allowed to publish only children\u2019s poetry.Death and rehabilitation refusal[edit]Larysa Hieniju\u0161 died in 1983. Thousands of people came to her burial.In 1999, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee appealed to the General Prosecutor’s Office to annul an unjust sentence against both Hieniju\u0161s. The Office forwarded the appeal to the Supreme Court which refused the annulment as the poet “has no grounds for rehabilitation.” However, the reasons for refusal were unknown as, according to the Court’s letter, “they may only be given to the repressed person”.Bibliography[edit]Poetry[edit]\u0410\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0456\u045e (Prague, 1942; reprinted: Slonim, 1995)\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0437 \u041d\u0451\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 (Minsk, 1967)\u041d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041b\u0456\u0440\u044b\u043a\u0430 (Minsk,  1982)Dzievia\u0107 vier\u0161a\u01d4 (Bie\u0142astok, 1987)\u0411\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043d: \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b \u0456 \u043f\u0430\u044d\u043c\u044b (Minsk, 1990)\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b: \u0420\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0456\u043a \u0437 1945\u20141947 (London, 1992)\u041c\u0430\u0446\u0456 \u0456 \u0441\u044b\u043d (\u043f\u0430\u0434 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0456 \u041b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0441\u044b \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044e\u0448 \u00ab\u0421\u044d\u0440\u0446\u0430\u00bb \u0456 \u042e\u0440\u043a\u0456 \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044e\u0448\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443\u00bb) (Bie\u0142astok, 1992)\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b (Minsk, 1997)\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044b (Minsk,  2000)Children’s books[edit]\u041a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u041c\u0456\u0445\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 (Minsk, 1972)\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b, \u0410\u043b\u0435\u0441\u044c (Minsk, 1976)Other works[edit]\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0437\u044c: (\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044b) (Minsk, 1993)\u041a\u0430\u0431 \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456: \u0417 \u044d\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0447\u044b\u043d\u044b (1945-1983) (Minsk, 2005)References[edit]External links[edit]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/larysa-hienijus-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Larysa Hieniju\u0161 – Wikipedia"}}]}]