[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/argentine-nationalism-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/argentine-nationalism-wikipedia\/","headline":"Argentine nationalism – Wikipedia","name":"Argentine nationalism – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Argentine nationalism refers to the nationalism of Argentine people and Argentine culture. It surged during","datePublished":"2022-04-28","dateModified":"2022-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Flag_of_Argentina.svg\/220px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Flag_of_Argentina.svg\/220px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png","height":"138","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/argentine-nationalism-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":2207,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia  Argentine nationalism refers to the nationalism of Argentine people and Argentine culture. It surged during the War of Independence and the Civil Wars, and strengthened during the 1880s.There were waves of renewed interest in nationalism in response to World War II, the National Reorganization Process and the December 2001 riots.Table of ContentsHistory[edit]20th century[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Bibliography[edit]History[edit]  Modern Argentina was once part of the Viceroyalty of the R\u00edo de la Plata, part of the Spanish Empire. The capture of the Spanish king during the Peninsular War began the Argentine War of Independence. It was based on the principle of the retroversion of the sovereignty to the people: with the king absent, the sovereignty returned to its subjects who were then capable to rule themselves!This led to conflicts among the provinces of the viceroyalty: some factions wanted to maintain the country under the centralist organization used so far, others wanted to use a federalist system, and others wanted to secede their provinces as independent countries. This led to the Argentine Civil Wars. The Supreme Directors of the United Provinces of the R\u00edo de la Plata were centralists, and Jos\u00e9 de San Mart\u00edn and Jos\u00e9 Gervasio Artigas were federalists. Those groups evolved into the Unitarian Party and the Federal Party respectively.[2]The sense of national unity was increased during the French and Franco-British blockade of the R\u00edo de la Plata. Britain and France sought to prevent Juan Manuel de Rosas from interfering in Uruguay with a naval blockade, having the side effect of boosting the popularity of Rosas and increasing national solidarity.[3]In the 1880s Argentina seized Patagonia with the Conquest of the Desert, and secured its modern national limits. It was feared that the great European immigration wave to Argentina would dilute national identity, so Vicente Quesada and other historians promoted nationalism by establishing the idea of the viceroyalty as the “Grand Argentina”, broke into several countries by the meddling of outside powers. This perception was reinforced by the diplomatic conflicts with Brazil of the time.[4]20th century[edit]Nationalism resurfaced during the 1930s. Opposed to Alvear’s turnaround, in 1935, young Yrigoyenistas from a nationalist background founded FORJA (Fuerza Orientadora Radical de la Juventud Argentina, Radical Orienting Force of Argentine Youth), which had as leaders the Socialist Arturo Jauretche, Ra\u00fal Scalabrini Ortiz and Gabriel del Mazo. FORJA’s motto was: “We are a colonial Argentina, we want to be a free Argentina.” [10] Among other things, FORJA denounced the silence of the government on many problems such as the creation of the Central Bank, “economic sacrifices imposed in benefices of foreign capitalism”, “petroleum politics”, “arbitrary military interventions”, “restrictions to freedom of opinion”, “incorporation to the League of Nations”, “suppression of relations with Russia”, “parliamentary investigations”, “the Senate crime”, etc. and specially during World War II. Those nationalists thought that Argentina had an economic dependence of Britain, and that the country should not help Britain in the conflict but stay neutral. This nationalism led to the Revolution of ’43, and during it to the emergence of Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n. Per\u00f3n reported the meddling of the ambassador of the United States Spruille Braden in the 1946 election, and won by a landslide. He nationalized several key tools of the economy of Argentina, and declared Argentine economic independence.[5]The analogies between Per\u00f3n and Rosas became explicit during the Revoluci\u00f3n Libertadora, a coup that ousted Per\u00f3n from power and banned Peronism. Eduardo Lonardi, de facto president, used the quote “ni vencedores ni vencidos” (Spanish: “neither victors nor vanquished”), which was used by Justo Jos\u00e9 de Urquiza after deposing Rosas in the battle of Caseros. The official perspective was that Per\u00f3n was “the second tyranny”, the first one being Rosas, and that both ones should be equally rejected, and conversely both governments that ousted them should be praised. For this end they draw the line of historical continuity “May\u00a0\u2013 Caseros\u00a0\u2013 Libertadora”, matching the coup with the May Revolution and the defeat of Rosas. This approach backfired. Per\u00f3n was highly popular and the military coup unpopular; so Peronists embraced the comparison established between Rosas and Per\u00f3n, but viewing him with a positive light instead.[6] Nationalist historians draw then their own line of historical continuity, “San Mart\u00edn\u00a0\u2013 Rosas\u00a0\u2013 Per\u00f3n”.[1]The National Reorganization Process promoted nationalist values during the Dirty War and the Falklands War. Both conflicts generated huge controversy. Nationalism declined in the following years as a result, increasing Americanization during the 1990s.[citation needed] Nationalism resurfaced again after the December 2001 riots in Argentina.[7]See also[edit]References[edit]^ a b Chaneton, p. 37^ Galasso, Tomo I, pp. 135\u2013211^ Rosa, p. 124^ Cavaleri, pp. 167\u2013168^ Galasso, Tomo II, pp. 186\u2013325^ Devoto, pp. 278\u2013281^ Seoane, Mar\u00eda (July 10, 2007). “Para los argentinos, la Patria es un sentimiento de amor y de espanto” [For the Argentines, the fatherland is a sentiment of love and dismay] (in Spanish). Clar\u00edn. Retrieved June 21, 2012.Bibliography[edit]Cavaleri, Paulo (2004). La restauraci\u00f3n del Virreinato: or\u00edgenes del nacionalismo territorial Argentino (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. ISBN\u00a0987-558-031-7.Chaneton, Juan Carlos (1998). Argentina: La ambig\u00fcedad como destino (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos.Devoto, Fernando; Nora Pagano (2009). Historia de la Historiograf\u00eda Argentina (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Sudamericana. ISBN\u00a0978-950-07-3076-1.Galasso, Norberto (2011), Historia de la Argentina, Tomo I&II, Buenos Aires: Colihue, ISBN\u00a0978-950-563-478-1Goebel, Michael (2011), Argentina’s Partisan Past: Nationalism and the Politics of History, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, ISBN\u00a0978-1846312380Rosa, Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda (1974). Defensa y p\u00e9rdida de nuestra independencia econ\u00f3mica (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: A. Pe\u00f1a Lillo Editor."},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/argentine-nationalism-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Argentine nationalism – Wikipedia"}}]}]