[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/court-church-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/court-church-wikipedia\/","headline":"Court Church – Wikipedia","name":"Court Church – Wikipedia","description":"The Hofkirche (Court Church) is a Gothic church located in the Altstadt (Old Town) section of Innsbruck, Austria. The church","datePublished":"2014-09-05","dateModified":"2014-09-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/79\/Innsbruck_Hofkirche_250.jpg\/220px-Innsbruck_Hofkirche_250.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/79\/Innsbruck_Hofkirche_250.jpg\/220px-Innsbruck_Hofkirche_250.jpg","height":"165","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/court-church-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":3000,"articleBody":"The Hofkirche (Court Church) is a Gothic church located in the Altstadt (Old Town) section of Innsbruck, Austria. The church was built in 1553 by Emperor Ferdinand I (1503\u20131564) as a memorial to his grandfather Emperor Maximilian I (1459\u20131519),[1] whose cenotaph within boasts a remarkable collection of German Renaissance sculpture. The church also contains the tomb of Andreas Hofer, Tyrol’s national hero.[2]Although Maximilian’s will had directed that he be buried in the castle chapel in Wiener Neustadt, it proved impractical to construct there the large memorial whose plans he had supervised in detail, and Ferdinand I as executor planned construction of a new church and monastery in Innsbruck for a suitable memorial. In the end, however, Maximilian’s simple tomb remained in Wiener Neustadt and the Hofkirche serves as a cenotaph.The Hofkirche is located at Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 2, adjacent to the Hofburg in the Altstadt section of Innsbruck. The church was designed by architect Andrea Crivelli of Trento in the traditional German form of a hall church, consisting of three naves with a setback three-sided choir, round and pointed arch windows, and a steep broken hip roof. Its layered buttresses reflect compromise of contemporary Renaissance design with German late Gothic style. Stonemasons Hieronymus de Longhi and Anton de Bol carved the fine Renaissance portal.  The church interior contains galleries, high slender colonnettes of red marble with white stylized Corinthian capitals, and a lectern. The gallery’s original ribs made from sandstone from Mittenwald have been preserved, but after the main vault was damaged by earthquake in the 17th century, it was rebuilt in the Baroque style.The high altar seen today was designed in 1755 by the Viennese court architect Nikolaus Pacassi, and decorated with a crucifixion by the Viennese academic painter Johann Carl Auerbach, and bronze statues of Saint Francis of Assisi and Saint Teresa of \u00c1vila by Innsbruck court sculptor Balthasar Moll (1768). The Renaissance organ (1560) is by J\u00f6rg Ebert of Ravensburg, and described locally as one of the five most famous organs in the world. Domenico Pozzo from Milan painted the organ panels.A side chapel, called the Silver Chapel (Silberne Kapell), was consecrated in 1578. It contains a silver altar to Mary incorporating three elephant tusks and three hundred kilos of ebony, and the tombs of Archduke Ferdinand II and his wife Philippine Welser\u2014both by Alexander Colyn.Table of ContentsCenotaph[edit]Statues[edit]Andreas Hofer tomb[edit]Gallery[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]Cenotaph[edit]  Emperor Maximilian’s ornate black marble cenotaph occupies the center of the nave. Florian Abel, of the Prague imperial court, supplied a full-sized draft of the high tomb in the florid style of court Mannerism. Its construction took more than 80 years. The sarcophagus itself was completed in 1572, and the final embellishments\u2014the kneeling emperor, the four virtues, and the iron grille\u2014were added in 1584.Trento mason Hieronymus Longi directed construction of the tomb proper. The base of the tomb consists of Hagau marble, a Jurassic limestone found in the North Tyrol and used as a building stone throughout western Austria.[3] The bronze relief frieze of trophies includes vases, suits of armor, weapons, shields, musical instruments, etc., and above that two rows of white marble reliefs. The 24 reliefs were created by the artist Alexander Colin, based on woodcuts from The Triumphal Arch (Ehrenpforte) by Albrecht D\u00fcrer, with four stone bas-reliefs each on the tomb’s ends, and eight on its longer sides. They depict events from Maximilian’s life as follows:Marriage of Maximilian to Mary of Burgundy, 1477Victory over the French at the First Battle of Guinegate, 1478Recapture of Arras fortress, 1492Maximilian’s coronation as King of the Romans in Aachen, 1486Victory of Archduke Sigmund of Tyrol over the Venetians at Calliano, 1487Maximilian’s liberation of Vienna from Hungarian Rule, 1490Capture of Stuhlweissenburg, 1490Return of Maximilian’s daughter Margarethe by the French King, 1493Retreat of the Turks from Croatia, 1493Alliance of the Holy League against France, 1494Maximilian’s Wedding with Bianca Maria Sforza, 1494Marriage of Philip the Fair to Joanna of Castile, 1496Victory of Maximilian over the Bohemians near Regensburg, 1504Capture of Kufstein Fortress, 1504Subjugation of the Duke of Guelders, 1505Alliance of Cambrai against Venice, 1508Victory over Venice, 1509Return of Duke Maximilian Sforza to Milan, 1512Victory over the French at the Second Battle of Guinegate, 1513Maximilian and King Henry VIII of England meet at Th\u00e9rouanne, 1513Defeat of the Venetians near Vicenza, 1513Capture of the Venetian Fortress of Murano, 1514Betrothal of Maximilian’s grandson Ferdinand to Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, 1515Defense of Verona, 1516The tomb is enclosed within a fine wrought iron grille created by J\u00f6rg Schmidhammer of the Prague court, based on a drawing by the Innsbruck painter Paul Trabel, and capped with statues of the four virtues and kneeling emperor cast in M\u00fchlau from models by Alexander Colin.Statues[edit]    The cenotaph is surrounded by 28 large bronze statues (200\u2013250\u00a0cm) of ancestors, relatives and heroes. Their creation took place between 1502 and 1555, and occupied a number of artists including Christian Amberger, Albrecht D\u00fcrer, J\u00f6rg K\u00f6lderer, J\u00f6rg Polhamer the elder, Gilg Sesselschreiber, Ulrich Tiefenbrunn, and sculptors Peter Vischer the Elder, Hans Leinberger, G. L\u00f6ffler, Leonhart Magt, and Veit Sto\u00df. Three of the statues are based on designs by D\u00fcrer. According to David Gass, one of many descendants of both Maximilian and Louis II of Hungary, the inclusion of the King Arthur and Godfrey of Bouillon statues was owing to Louis II’s sister, Anna, the Queen of Bohemia’s having married Ferdinand, Maximilian’s grandson, and having brought her English heritage with her. Both men were said to have been her ancestors. The following list includes the statues (clockwise from the left of the altar), with the designer, sculptor, cast, and year of execution of each:Joanna, Queen of Castile (\u2020 1555), Sesselschrieber and K\u00f6lderer, Magt, Godl, 1528Ferdinand II, King of Aragon (\u2020 1516), Polhaimer, Magt, Godl, 1530\u201331Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (\u2020 1467), Sesselschrieber, Magt, Godl, 1521Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy (\u2020 1477), Sesselschrieber and K\u00f6lderer, Magt, Godl, 1525\u201326Cymburgis, Archduchess of Austria (\u2020 1429), Sesselschrieber and his workshop, 1516Margaret, Duchess of Savoy (\u2020 1530), Tiefenbrunn, Magt, Godl, 1522Bianca Maria Sforza, Holy Roman Empress (\u2020 1511), Tiefenbrunn, Magt, Godl, 1525Sigismund, Archduke of Austria (\u2020 1496), K\u00f6lderer, Magt, Godl, 1523\u201324Arthur, King of Britain (\u2020 6th century), D\u00fcrer, Artusmeister, Vischer, 1513Ferdinand I, King of Portugal (\u2020 1383), Sesselschrieber and his workshop, 1509Ernest, Duke of Austria (\u2020 1424), Sesselschrieber and his workshop, 1516Theoderic the Great, King of the Ostrogoths (\u2020 526), D\u00fcrer, Artusmeister, Vischer, 1513Albert II, Duke of Austria (\u2020 1358), Polhaimer, Magt, Godl, 1528\/29Rudolph I, King of Germany (\u2020 1291), Sesselschrieber and his workshop, 1516\/17Philip I, King of Castile (\u2020 1506), Sesselschrieber and his workshop, 1516Clovis I, King of the Franks (\u2020 511), Amberger, Arnberger, L\u00f6ffler, 1509Albert II, King of Germany (\u2020 1439), Sesselschrieber and Polhaimer, Magt, Godl, 1526Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (\u2020 1493), Sesselschrieber and K\u00f6lderer, Magt, Godl, 1523\/24Leopold III, Margrave of Austria (\u2020 1136), K\u00f6lderer, Magt, Godl, 1520Albert IV, Count of Habsburg (\u2020 1239), D\u00fcrer, Leinberger, Godl, 1517Leopold III, Duke of Austria (\u2020 1386), K\u00f6lderer, Magt, Godl, 1519Frederick IV, Duke of Austria with the Empty Pockets (\u2020 1439), Tiefenbrunn, Magt, Godl, 1523\/24Albert I, King of Germany (\u2020 1308), Polhaimer, Magt, Godl, 1527Godfrey of Bouillon (\u2020 1100), Polhaimer, Magt, Godl, 1533Elizabeth of Luxembourg, Queen of Germany (\u2020 1443), Polhaimer, Magt, Godl, 1530Mary, Duchess of Burgundy (\u2020 1482), Sesselschrieber, Sesselschrieber, Sesselschrieber, 1513\/16Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany (\u2020 1313), Sesselschrieber and his workshop, 1516Kunigunde, Archduchess of Austria (\u2020 1520), Sesselschrieber, Sesselschrieber, Sesselschrieber, 1516\/17The gallery contains 23 small statues (66\u201369\u00a0cm) of the Habsburg patron saints. They were designed by court painter J\u00f6rg K\u00f6ldere around 1514\/15, and carved into wood and then wax by Leonhard Magt. The church also once contained a number of busts of Roman emperors; 20 are now displayed in Schlo\u00df Ambras and one is in the Bavarian National Museum in Munich.Andreas Hofer tomb[edit]Andreas Hofer, Tirol’s national hero, is also buried within the church. Sculptor Johann Nepomuk Schaller made his statue; Josef Klieber created the relief of the “Fahnenschwur” (Swearing on the flag) based on a sketch by Josef Martin Sch\u00e4rmer.Gallery[edit]Hofkirche from Rennweg, looking east toward Jesuit ChurchReferences[edit]Citations^ Hofkirche website Archived 2008-03-07 at the Wayback Machine^ Hofkirche (Court Church), Innsbruck^ Unterwurzacher, Michael; Bidner, Thomas; Mirwald, Peter W. (2006). “Weathering experiments on three Alpine marbles \u2013 comparison on exposure studies and laboratory experiments”.  In Fort, Rafael (ed.). Heritage, weathering and conservation 2006: Book of abstracts\u00a0: International Conference, Madrid, 21-24 June 2006. Madrid, Spain: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas. p.\u00a0183. ISBN\u00a0978-84-00-08421-9.BibliographyEgg, Erich (1993).  Michael Oberer (ed.). Hofkirche in Innsbruck: Grabmal Kaiser Maximilians I. Innsbruck: Kunstverlag Hofstetter. ISBN\u00a0978-3702211660.Marsh, Christoph. The Hofkirche in Innsbruck. Innsbruck: Alpina.External links[edit]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/court-church-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Court Church – Wikipedia"}}]}]