[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/epichloe-typhina-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/epichloe-typhina-wikipedia\/","headline":"Epichlo\u00eb typhina – Wikipedia","name":"Epichlo\u00eb typhina – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Species of fungus Epichlo\u00eb typhina is a haploid sexual species in the fungal","datePublished":"2015-05-24","dateModified":"2015-05-24","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/epichloe-typhina-wikipedia\/","wordCount":2189,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Species of fungusEpichlo\u00eb typhina is a haploid sexual species in the fungal genus Epichlo\u00eb. It was originally described as a Sphaeria species. Today, however, it is classified in Epichlo\u00eb.[1]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4A systemic grass symbiont first described as Sphaeria typhina by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1798, and transferred to genus Epichlo\u00eb in 1865,[2]Epichlo\u00eb typhina forms an only partially resolved species complex within the Epichlo\u00eb genus.Epichlo\u00eb typhina is found in Europe, but has been introduced widely in North America and elsewhere.  It lives in association with a large number of grass species from multiple genera, including Anthoxanthum odoratum, Brachypodium phoenicoides, Brachypodium pinnatum, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Milium effusum, Phleum pratense, Poa trivialis, Poa silvicola and Puccinellia distans.  Epichlo\u00eb typhina appears to be seed-transmissible only in Puccinellia distans.Subspecies[edit]Epichlo\u00eb typhina has two subspecies and three varieties.Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. clarkii (J.F. White) Leuchtm. & Schardl was first described in 1993.[3] It is found in Europe in the grass species Holcus lanatus.  Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. clarkii is sexual, but not seed-transmissible.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. poae (Tadych, K.V. Ambrose, F.C. Belanger & J.F. White) Tadych was first described in 2012.[4] It is found in Europe in the grass species Poa nemoralis and Poa pratensis, and in North America in Poa secunda subsp. juncifolia and Poa sylvestris. The sexual form has been observed on Poa nemoralis and Poa pratensis. Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. poae is seed-transmissible in Poa nemoralis and Poa secunda subsp. juncifolia, but not in Poa pratensis.Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. poae var. aonikenkana Iannone & Schardl was first described in 2017.[5] It is found in Argentina (Santa Cruz) on Bromus setifolius. This variety is seed-transmissible, but the sexual stage has not been observed.Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. poae var. canariensis (C.D. Moon, B. Scott, & M.J. Chr.) Leuchtm. was first described in 2000.[6] It is found in the Canary Islands on Lolium edwardii. This variety is seed-transmissible, but the sexual stage has not been observed.Epichlo\u00eb typhina subsp. poae var. huerfana (J.F. White, G.T. Cole & Morgan-Jones) Tadych & Leuchtm. was first described in 1996.[7] It is found in North America on Festuca arizonica. This variety is seed-transmissible, but the sexual stage has not been observed.References[edit]^ Leuchtmann, Adrian; Bacon, Charles W.; Schardl, Christopher L.; White, James F.; Tadych, Mariusz (2014). “Nomenclatural realignment of Neotyphodium species with genus Epichlo\u00eb“. Mycologia. 106 (2): 202\u2013215. doi:10.3852\/13-251. PMID\u00a024459125. S2CID\u00a025222557.^ Tulasne, L.R.; Tulasne, C. (1865). “Nectriei-Phacidiei-Pezizei”. Selecta Fungorum Carpologia. Imperial: Paris. 3: 24.^ White, James F. (1993). “Endophyte-Host associations in grasses. XIX. A systematic study of some sympatric species of Epichlo\u00eb in England”. Mycologia. 85 (3): 444\u2013455. doi:10.1080\/00275514.1993.12026295. ISSN\u00a00027-5514.^ Tadych, Mariusz; Ambrose, Karen V.; Bergen, Marshall S.; Belanger, Faith C.; White, James F. (2012). “Taxonomic placement of Epichlo\u00eb poae sp. nov. and horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia”. Fungal Diversity. 54 (1): 117\u2013131. doi:10.1007\/s13225-012-0170-0. ISSN\u00a01560-2745. S2CID\u00a017813728.^ Mc Cargo, Patricia D.; Iannone, Leopoldo J.; Vignale, Mar\u00eda Victoria; Schardl, Christopher L.; Rossi, Mar\u00eda Susana (2017). “Species diversity of Epichlo\u00eb symbiotic with two grasses from southern Argentinean Patagonia”. Mycologia. 106 (2): 339\u2013352. doi:10.3852\/106.2.339. ISSN\u00a00027-5514. PMID\u00a024782501. S2CID\u00a044547876.^ Moon, Christina D.; Scott, Barry; Schardl, Christopher L.; Christensen, Michael J. (2000). “The evolutionary origins of Epichlo\u00eb endophytes from annual ryegrasses”. Mycologia. 92 (6): 1103\u20131118. doi:10.1080\/00275514.2000.12061258. ISSN\u00a00027-5514. S2CID\u00a0218589443.^ Glenn, Anthony E.; Bacon, Charles W.; Price, Robert; Hanlin, Richard T. (1996). “Molecular phylogeny of Acremonium and its taxonomic implications”. Mycologia. 88 (3): 369\u2013383. doi:10.1080\/00275514.1996.12026664. ISSN\u00a00027-5514.     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