[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/pranas-vaicaitis-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/pranas-vaicaitis-wikipedia\/","headline":"Pranas Vai\u010daitis &#8211; Wikipedia","name":"Pranas Vai\u010daitis &#8211; Wikipedia","description":"Lithuanian poet Pranas Vai\u010daitis (10 February 1876 \u2013 21 September 1901) was a Lithuanian poet. After graduation from the Marijampol\u0117","datePublished":"2015-03-21","dateModified":"2015-03-21","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":100,"height":100},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/pranas-vaicaitis-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":4184,"articleBody":"Lithuanian poetPranas Vai\u010daitis (10 February 1876 \u2013 21 September 1901) was a Lithuanian poet. After graduation from the Marijampol\u0117 Gymnasium, he studied law at the Saint Petersburg University. Due to the violations of the Lithuanian press ban, he was imprisoned for a month in 1899 and could not find a jurist job.With the help of professor Eduards Volters, he obtained a job at the library of the Russian Academy of Sciences before progressing tuberculosis forced him to return home. He died at the age of 25 and left less than a hundred original poems. His first poems were published in 1896 in Varpas though the vast majority of them were published in Vienyb\u0117 lietuvnink\u0173, a Lithuanian newspaper published in Plymouth, Pennsylvania. The first collection of his poems was published posthumously in 1903 in the United States. His poems are popular, particularly those about nature in Lithuania, and have been adopted to folk songs. His poetry is sensitive, intimate, without more complex metaphors or lyrical devices, and with a depth of feeling that distinguishes it from other poetry of the period.Table of ContentsBiography[edit]Early life and education[edit]Arrest and illness[edit]References[edit]Biography[edit]Early life and education[edit]Vai\u010daitis was born in the Santakai\u00a0[lt] village on the Penta river near Sintautai, Suwa\u0142ki Governorate, Congress Poland. He attended a primary school in Sintautai and Marijampol\u0117 Gymnasium.[1] He started writing poetry at age 13, but his earliest poems have not survived.[2] As typical of the period, his parents wanted him to become a priest and continue education at the Sejny Priest Seminary, but he felt no calling for priesthood and instead chose to study law at the Saint Petersburg University in 1895. His parents refused to support him financially due to his refusal to become a priest; his father remained cold and distant until his death.[3] He received assistance from professor Eduards Volters, but struggled financially.[4] According to visitor logs kept by Volters, he was visited by Vai\u010daitis 29 times in 1895 (the first time on 23 August), 33 times in 1896, and 69 times in 1897.[5]At the university, he met fellow Lithuanian student Povilas Vi\u0161inskis, who became known as a mentor of literary talent. Vi\u0161inskis sent three of his poems to Varpas even though the editors discouraged submissions of poetry as too many of the submitted poems were too amateurish and dilettantish; the poems were published in 1896 with an editor&#8217;s note that while Vai\u010daitis&#8217; poetry was better than average, it was still weak.[6] Perhaps insulted by such a reception, Vai\u010daitis sent his other poems to Vienyb\u0117 lietuvnink\u0173, a Lithuanian newspaper published in Plymouth, Pennsylvania. This newspaper published more than sixty of his poems under pen name Pranci\u0161kus Sekupasaka in 1897.In the summer of 1896, Vai\u010daitis met Julija Pranaityt\u0117 at the home of her brother-in-law Saliamonas Banaitis. At the time, Pranaityt\u0117 was a gymnasium student in Saint Petersburg and they developed a close friendship that culminated in their engagement.[8]Arrest and illness[edit]In 1897, Vai\u010daitis was implicated in the Sietynas case. Sietynas was an organization of Lithuanian book smugglers that smuggled and distributed the banned Lithuanian press. Police found a small library of the illegal books with his cousin Antanas Pranas Daniliauskas. Since one of his seized letters discussed obtaining the history of Lithuania by Simonas Daukantas for Vai\u010daitis, he was also searched by the police which found a handwritten copy of a Lithuanian poem by Antanas Baranauskas. This was a particularly difficult time for Vai\u010daitis as he lost his university stipend and was monitored by the police for a year.[5] He was imprisoned for a month in 1899 at the Peter and Paul Fortress.[10][11]Vai\u010daitis graduated from the university in June 1899, but as politically compromised, he could not obtain a jurist job with the Russian government.[4] He had plans to study commerce in Belgium, but he did not have funds.[2] With the help of Volters (there are hints that Vai\u010daitis lived with Volters for about six months),[5] he managed to get a job at the library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, but, due to progressing illness, he had to return home in April 1901.[4] He was treated by Jonas Staugaitis and cared for by his fianc\u00e9 Pranaityt\u0117, but the family had no money for more extensive treatments and the tuberculosis progressed.[8] He died on 21 September 1901 in his parents&#8217; home. His tombstone was organized by Saliamonas Banaitis. He collected 95 rubles, purchased the monument in Kaunas, and transported it to the cemetery in Sintautai. It was installed for the first anniversary of his death.[12] The tombstone cost more than 95 rubles and Volters covered the difference of 23.5 rubles.[5]Vai\u010daitis left 98 known original poems and 21 translations of poems[1] by Russian and Polish authors, including Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Nikolay Nekrasov, Nikolay Yazykov, and Maria Konopnicka.[13] His manuscripts have not survived. In 2008, three new poems and one quatrain were discovered among other papers that belonged to Martynas Jankus during a renovation of a house in Kaunas.[1] The booklet also contained a loose and shortened translation of Christmas Eve by Nikolai Gogol, which was published by Jankus in 1892.[14] One of the poems is dated 1883, but that would mean that Vai\u010daitis wrote it when he was seven years old. The neat handwriting indicates that it was written by a gymnasium student, thus dating the text to 1890\u20131891.[14]Vai\u010daitis&#8217; poetry is sensitive, intimate, natural, and without more complex metaphors or lyrical devices. The depth of feeling distinguishes him from other late 19th-century Lithuanian poets.[15] His poetry has features of both romantic poetry and literary realism. It includes both traditions of Lithuanian folk songs (including common folk personifications, parallels, and precision of poetic scenes)[13] \u2013 several of his poems have been transformed into popular folk songs \u2013 and elements of well known Russian and Polish poets.[15] The poetry varies in topic (nature, history, patriotism, social inequality, religion, personal experiences) and in mood (love, regret, nostalgia, anger, irony), but often expresses ideas of serving your nation and seeking justice. His later poetry is particularly melancholic due to the sense of his approaching death; he was the first to write elegies in Lithuanian.[15] Other genres included sonnets, ballads, satires, and epigrams.[13] His works have influenced other poets, including Jonas Krik\u0161\u010di\u016bnas (Jovaras), Liudas Gira, Julius Janonis.[13]Vai\u010daitis&#8217; poems were first collected and published by the editorial staff of Vienyb\u0117 lietuvnink\u0173 in the United States in 1903.[14] In 1904, Eduards Volters published a collection of Pushkin&#8217;s poems translated into Lithuanian, which was dedicated to Vai\u010daitis and included two of his translations.[16] The second edition (1912) of his poems was also published in the United States. His collected works, edited by Liudas Gira, though incomplete, were published in Lithuania in 1921. Various poetry collections followed: Lyrika ir satyra (1951), Rinktin\u0117 (1956), Yra \u0161alis (1964), L\u0117kite, dainos (1975), Kas na\u0161lai\u010dius priglaus? (1988). A new edition of collected works was prepared by Albertas Zalatorius and Zenius \u0160ileris and published in 1996. His biography was published by Juozas Klimaitis (1994) and Zenius \u0160ileris (2001).[4]In 1936, Vincas Grybas prepared a model for a monument to Vai\u010daitis, but it was not erected due to financial difficulties and the outbreak of World War II.[3] A small museum exposition was collected in 1965; it was housed at the secondary school in Sintautai before it was moved to the homestead of the Vai\u010daitis family in 1995.[1] A wooden sculpture by K\u0119stutis Krasauskas was installed at the homestead in 1996. A granite monument to Vai\u010daitis by sculptor Juozas \u0160livinskas was unveiled in Sintautai in 2013.[14]References[edit]^ a b c d Girininkien\u0117, Vida (2016-04-08). &#8220;Pranas Vai\u010daitis \u2013 \u017einomas ir ne\u017einomas&#8221;. Lietuvos \u017einios (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 28 April 2018.^ a b Vai\u010daitis, Pranas (1903). Eil\u0117s Pranci\u0161kaus Vai\u010dai\u010dio (Sekupasakos) (PDF) (in Lithuanian). Plymouth, PA: T\u0117vyn\u0117s Myl\u0117toj\u0173 Draugyst\u0117. pp.\u00a03\u20134 (in the PDF).^ a b Ragauskait\u0117, Regina (2 October 2013). &#8220;Elegi\u0161kam poetui atminti&#8221;. Bernardinai.lt. Retrieved 29 April 2018.^ a b c d Jacevi\u010dius, Juozas (2012-01-09). Kunigai ir teisininkai, kil\u0119 i\u0161 Sintaut\u0173 kra\u0161to (PDF) (in Lithuanian). pp.\u00a044\u201345.^ a b c d Girininkien\u0117, Vida (2016-09-30). &#8220;Universitetas prie Nevos (II)&#8221;. Literat\u016bra ir menas (in Lithuanian). 3583. ISSN\u00a00233-3260.^ Sprindis, Adolfas (1978). Povilas Vi\u0161inskis (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Vaga. pp.\u00a088\u201389, 104. OCLC\u00a04874806.^ a b Krik\u0161taponis, Vilmantas (13 July 2011). &#8220;Primir\u0161ta lietuvi\u0161kos spaudos darbuotoja. Julijos Pranaityt\u0117s 130-osioms gimimo metin\u0117ms&#8221;. XXI am\u017eius (in Lithuanian). 52 (1932). ISSN\u00a02029-1299.^ P. L. (1956). &#8220;Pranas Vai\u010daitis, Zanavyk\u0173 kra\u0161to dainius&#8221;. Karys (in Lithuanian). 11 (1327): 367. ISSN\u00a00022-9199.^ Matulis, Juozas;  et\u00a0al., eds. (1966). &#8220;Vai\u010daitis, Pranas&#8221;. Ma\u017eoji lietuvi\u0161koji tarybin\u0117 enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Vol.\u00a03. Mintis. p.\u00a0633. OCLC\u00a0229993.^ Bar\u0161ys, Povilas (2015). Vasario 16-osios Akto signataras Saliamonas Banaitis. I\u0161 Lietuvos nacionalinio muziejaus archyvo (in Lithuanian). Vol.\u00a013. Vilnius: Lietuvos nacionalinis muziejus. p.\u00a012. ISBN\u00a0978-609-8039-63-4. ISSN\u00a01648-2859.^ a b c d Zalatorius, Albertas (1985\u20131988). &#8220;Vai\u010daitis, Pranas&#8221;.  In Zinkus, Jonas;  et\u00a0al. (eds.). Taryb\u0173 Lietuvos enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Vol.\u00a0IV. Vilnius: Vyriausioji enciklopedij\u0173 redakcija. p.\u00a0406. OCLC\u00a020017802.^ a b c d Girininkien\u0117, Vida (2013-10-04). &#8220;Pranas Vai\u010daitis ir Sintautai arba Sintautai ir Pranas Vai\u010daitis&#8221;. Literat\u016bra ir menas (in Lithuanian). 3443. ISSN\u00a00233-3260.^ a b c Striogait\u0117, Dalia (2013-12-16). &#8220;Vai\u010daitis, Pranas&#8221;. Visuotin\u0117 lietuvi\u0173 enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Mokslo ir enciklopedij\u0173 leidybos centras.^ Merkys, Vytautas (1994). Knygne\u0161i\u0173 laikai 1864\u20131904 (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Valstybinis leidybos centras. p.\u00a0108. ISBN\u00a09986-09-018-0."},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/pranas-vaicaitis-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Pranas Vai\u010daitis &#8211; Wikipedia"}}]}]