[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/thirty-three-gods-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/thirty-three-gods-wikipedia\/","headline":"Thirty-three gods – Wikipedia","name":"Thirty-three gods – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Group of deities of Hinduism Part of Vyomamandala Showing Rudras – Circa 5th Century","datePublished":"2015-05-08","dateModified":"2015-05-08","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7e\/Part_of_Vyomamandala_Showing_Rudras_-_Circa_5th_Century_CE_-_Katra_Keshav_Dev_-_ACCN_13-362_-_Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5476.JPG\/220px-Part_of_Vyomamandala_Showing_Rudras_-_Circa_5th_Century_CE_-_Katra_Keshav_Dev_-_ACCN_13-362_-_Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5476.JPG","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7e\/Part_of_Vyomamandala_Showing_Rudras_-_Circa_5th_Century_CE_-_Katra_Keshav_Dev_-_ACCN_13-362_-_Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5476.JPG\/220px-Part_of_Vyomamandala_Showing_Rudras_-_Circa_5th_Century_CE_-_Katra_Keshav_Dev_-_ACCN_13-362_-_Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5476.JPG","height":"327","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki40\/thirty-three-gods-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":2094,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaGroup of deities of Hinduism  Part of Vyomamandala Showing Rudras – Circa 5th Century CE, Katra Keshav Dev; currently at Mathura Museum.The Thirty-three gods or Tridasha (Sanskrit \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0936 trida\u015ba “three tens”) is a pantheon of Hindu deities, of Vedic origin and a few of later development.[1][2] The Samhitas, which are the oldest layer of text in Vedas, enumerate 33 devas, either 11 each for the three worlds, or as 12 Adityas, 11 Rudras, 8 Vasus, and 2 Ashvins in the Brahmanas layer of Vedic texts.[3][4]The 33 are:Eight Vasus (deities of material elements) \u2013 Dyau\u1e63 “Sky”, P\u1e5bthiv\u012b “Earth”, V\u0101yu “Wind”, Agni “Fire”, Nak\u1e63atra “Stars”,  Varu\u1e47a “Water”, S\u016brya “Sun”, Chandra “Moon”Twelve Adityas (personified deities) \u2013 Vishnu, Aryaman, Indra (\u015aakra), Tv\u0101\u1e63\u1e6d\u1e5b, Varu\u1e47a, Bhaga, Savit\u1e5b, Vivasvat, A\u1e43\u015ba, Mitra, P\u016b\u1e63an, Dak\u1e63a (This list sometimes varies in particulars)Eleven Rudras, consisting of Aja, Ekapada, Ahirbudhanya, Tvasta, Rudra, Hara, Sambhu, Trayambaka, Aparjita, Isana and Tribhuvan.Two Ashvins (or N\u0101satyas), twin solar deities.Table of ContentsVariations[edit]Literature[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Variations[edit]The list of Vedic Devas somewhat varies across the manuscripts found in different parts of South Asia, particularly in terms of guides (Aswins) and personified Devas. One list based on Book 2 of Aitereya Brahmana is:[5][6]Devas personified: Indra (\u015aakra), Varu\u1e47a, Mitra, Aryaman, Bhaga, A\u1e43\u015ba, Vidhata,[7]Tv\u0101\u1e63\u1e6d\u1e5b, P\u016b\u1e63an, Vivasvat (Surya), Savit\u1e5b (Dhatr), Vishnu.Devas as abstractions or inner principles: \u0100nanda (bliss, inner contentment), Vij\u00f1\u0101na (knowledge), Manas (mind, thought), Pr\u0101\u1e47a (life-force), V\u0101c (speech), \u0100tm\u0101 (Self within each person), and five manifestations of Rudra\/Shiva \u2013 \u012a\u015b\u0101na, Tatpuru\u1e63a, Aghora, V\u0101madeva, Sadyoj\u0101taDevas as forces or principles of nature \u2013 P\u1e5bthiv\u012b (earth), Agni (fire), Antarik\u1e63a (atmosphere, space), Jal (water), V\u0101yu (wind), Dyau\u1e63 (sky), S\u016brya (sun), Nak\u1e63atra (stars), Soma (moon)Devas as guide or creative energy \u2013 Vasatkara, Praj\u0101pati       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4The identity of the 2 Ashvins sometimes varies:There are eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, twelve \u00c2dityas; and these two, Heaven and Earth, are the (thirty-second and) thirty-third. And there are thirty-three gods, and Prag\u00e2pati is the thirty-fourth;–thus he makes him (the sacrificer, or Yag\u00f1a) to be Prag\u00e2pati 2: now that 3 is, for that is immortal, and what is immortal that is. But what is mortal that also is Prag\u00e2pati; for Prag\u00e2pati is everything: thus he makes him to be Prag\u00e2pati, and hence there are these thirty-four utterances, called expiations. [note 1][8]\u2014\u2009Satapatha Brahmana 4:5:7:2Literature[edit]The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad describes the existence of these deities with a different lineup:[9]Y\u0101j\u00f1avalkya said, ‘These are but the manifestations of them, but there are only thirty-three gods.’ ‘Which are those thirty-three?’ ‘The eight Vasus, the eleven Rudras and the twelve \u0100dityas\u2014these are thirty-one, and Indra and Praj\u0101pati make up the thirty-three.’See also[edit]^ a\u1e63\u1e6dau vasava\u1e25\u00a0: ek\u0101da\u015ba rudr\u0101 dv\u0101da\u015b\u0101dity\u0101 ime eva dy\u0101v\u0101p\u1e5bthiv\u012b trayastri\u1e43\u015byau trayastri\u1e43\u015badvai dev\u0101\u1e25 praj\u0101pati\u015bcatustri\u1e43\u015bastadenam praj\u0101pati\u1e43 karotyetadv\u0101 astyetaddhyam\u1e5bta\u1e43 yaddhyam\u1e5bta\u1e43 taddhyastyetadu tadyanmartya\u1e43 sa e\u1e63a praj\u0101pati\u1e25 sarva\u1e43 vai praj\u0101patistadenam praj\u0101pati\u1e43 karoti tasm\u0101det\u0101\u015bcatustri\u1e43\u015badvy\u0101h\u1e5btayo bhavanti pr\u0101ya\u015bcittayo n\u0101ma.References[edit]^ Lynn Foulston, Stuart Abbott (2009). Hindu goddesses: beliefs and practices. pp.\u00a01\u20132. ISBN\u00a09781902210438.^ Mani[full citation needed] pp. 654\u20135^ George Williams (2008), A Handbook of Hindu Mythology, Oxford University Press, ISBN\u00a0978-0195332612, pp. 90, 112^ Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary” Etymologically and Philologically Arranged to cognate Indo-European Languages, Motilal Banarsidass, p. 492^ Hermann Oldenberg (1988), The Religion of the Veda, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN\u00a0978-8120803923, pp. 23-50^ AA MacDonell, Vedic mythology, p. PA19, at Google Books, Oxford University Press, pp. 19-21^ Francis X Clooney (2010), Divine Mother, Blessed Mother, Oxford University Press, ISBN\u00a0978-0199738731, p. 242^ “Satapatha Brahmana Part II (SBE26), Julius Eggeling tr. [1885]”. Sacred Texts.^ www.wisdomlib.org (2015-02-23). “Yajnavalkya and Vidagdha [Section IX]”. www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2022-07-31.     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