[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/appenzell-st-gallen-trogen-railway-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/appenzell-st-gallen-trogen-railway-wikipedia\/","headline":"Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen railway – Wikipedia","name":"Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen railway – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 Tramway in Switzerland Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen railway ABe 8\/12 between Sch\u00fclerhaus and Notkersegg, St. Gallen behind Line number 855 Locale","datePublished":"2022-10-25","dateModified":"2022-10-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e1\/AB_Tango.png\/265px-AB_Tango.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e1\/AB_Tango.png\/265px-AB_Tango.png","height":"90","width":"265"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/appenzell-st-gallen-trogen-railway-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":13693,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4Tramway in SwitzerlandAppenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen railwayABe 8\/12 between Sch\u00fclerhaus and Notkersegg, St. Gallen behindLine number855LocaleSwitzerlandTerminiLine length29.72\u00a0km (18.47\u00a0mi)Track gauge1,000\u00a0mm (3\u00a0ft\u00a03+3\u20448\u00a0in)Minimum radius25 metres (82\u00a0ft)ElectrificationAppenzell\u2013St. Gallen: 1500\u00a0V DCSt. Gallen\u2013Sch\u00fclerhaus:\u00a0600\u00a0V DCSch\u00fclerhaus\u2013Trogen: 1500\u00a0V DCOverhead linesMaximum incline8.0%       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Route map         (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Simplified route profile:blue: tram section in urban St. Gallenkm20.06Appenzell785.6 m       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Hirschberg (64\u00a0m)18.40Hirschberg819.9 m16.12Sammelplatz high point928.2 mdepot and workshop13.91Gais915.2 m13.37Zweibr\u00fccken907.2 mEggli (planned)12.05Strahlholz875.0 m10.63B\u00fchler824.7 m9.25Steigbach811.7 mGoldibach (94\u00a0m)7.16Teufen833.4 m6.32Stofel836.2 m5.77Sternen bei Teufen831.2 m5.15Niederteufen830.7 m3.86Lustm\u00fchle770.7 mchainage adjustment -0.14(since 2018)Liebegg740.3 m2.22St. Gallen Rieth\u00fcsli until 2018748.6 m2.01St. Gallen Rieth\u00fcsli since 20182.0 \u00a0beginning of rack section (until 2018)1.0 \u00a0end of rack section (until 2018)St. Gallen freight yard(from late 2022)[1]new route (from the end of 2022)St. Leonards bridgeaccess to St. Gallen SGA (until 2018)crossover (since 2018)St. Gallen AB669.2 mSt. Gallen669.6 m0.27St. Gallen Rathaus669.6 m0.83St. Gallen Marktplatz667.8 m1.13St. Gallen Spisertor667.8 m1.75St. Gallen Sch\u00fclerhaus695.2 m2.33St. Gallen Birnb\u00e4umen (since 2009)2.60St. Gallen Tivoli (until 1982)754.0 m3.13St. Gallen Notkersegg781.8 mKurzegg (only downhill)4.52Schwarzer B\u00e4ren855.0 m5.31Rank862.8 m6.50V\u00f6gelinsegg938.2 m6.75high point956.1 m7.25Sch\u00fctzengarten935.0 m7.64Speicher depot and workshop923.7 m8.48Bendlehn927.6 m9.27Gfeld917.4 m9.80Trogen915.3 mNotes:^ until 2018: km 2.56; \u00a0 since 2018: km 2.42^ until 2018: km 2.33; \u00a0 since 2018: km 2.19Source: Schienennetz Schweiz and Swiss railway atlas[3]The Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen railway, also known as the Durchmesserlinie (diameter line), is a metre gauge overland tramway in the Swiss cantons of Appenzell Innerrhoden and Ausserrhoden and the city of St. Gallen. It is the steepest adhesion railway in Switzerland with a gradient of up to 8.0% and forms part of the network of the Appenzell Railways (AB) and the St. Gallen S-Bahn. The line’s two branches were completed in sections between 1889 and 1904 by the St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altst\u00e4tten Railway and the Trogen Railway. The two lines were connected by the AB with a cross-city route in 2018.Table of ContentsHistory[edit]St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell railway[edit]Trogen Railway[edit]Cross-city line[edit]Route description[edit]Operations[edit]Until 2018[edit]Since the opening of the cross-city line[edit]Projects[edit]References[edit][edit]Sources[edit]History[edit]St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell railway[edit]  Train of the Appenzell tramway in the Ruckhalde area around 1910.  The five BCFeh 4\/4 trams dominated the image of the SGA for fifty years after electrification.The former St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altst\u00e4tten-Bahn (St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altst\u00e4tten Railway, ASt) opened the line from St. Gallen to Gais, popularly known as the Gaiserbahn, on 1\u00a0October 1889. The continuation from Gais to Appenzell followed on 1\u00a0July 1904. The route had seven rack sections using the Riggenbach-Klose system with a total length of 4.9\u00a0kilometres.Electrical operations at 1500\u00a0V DC commenced on 23\u00a0January 1931 and its name was changed to St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Bahn (SGA). The difficult line with tight bends demanded new design solutions to enable the BCFeh\u00a04\/4 electric railcars to operate over both adhesion and rack sections. Between 1978 and 1983, five of the six rack sections were replaced by new track allowing adhesion operations. All that remained was the nearly one kilometre-long rack section through the Ruckhalde landscape between St. Gallen and Rieth\u00fcsli.Trogen Railway[edit]  Train of the Trogen Railway in Speicher shortly after the opening of the line  Two trains crossing in Speicher in June 1980The St. Gallen\u2013Trogen railway (Trogenerbahn, TB) was opened on 10 July 1903. Originally, the line was electrified at 750 volts DC. The voltage was increased to 900 volts in 1921 and finally to 1000 volts in 1928 with the replacement of the converter group in Speicher by a fully automatic mercury vapour rectifier plant. In the city of St. Gallen, the trains ran on the tracks of the St. Gallen Tramway, which was closed in 1957. Because of the intersections with the city trolleybuses, the contact wire voltage is still only 600 volts.Despite the modest length of its operations, the Trogen Railway has been preserved. The line, which originally ran almost completely on track laid on roads, has been largely moved over the years to its own route. With a gradient of up to 7.6%, the Trogen Railway was the steepest narrow-gauge adhesion line in Switzerland prior to the opening of the Ruckhalde Tunnel.Cross-city line[edit]  Photomontage with a Tango train from 2018 to Appenzell on the St. Gallen market square  The five sub-projects that made up the cross-city line  The Ruckhalde tunnel was the most important structure involved in the development of the cross-city line. South portal of the Ruckhalde tunnel and the new Rieth\u00fcsli stationSince the 1970s, tunnels between St. Gallen and the suburb of Rieth\u00fcsli have been planned to eliminate the last rack section between St. Gallen and Appenzell. All these projects failed on cost grounds. After the Appenzell Railways (AB) merged with the Trogen Railway (TB), the Rorschach\u2013Heiden railway (RHB) and the Rheineck\u2013Walzenhausen mountain railway (RhW) in 2006, the Appenzell Railways decided to increase services between St. Gallen and Teufen to 15-minute intervals. This required the shortening of the travel time between St. Gallen and Rieth\u00fcsli, which was only possible with the removal of the rack section through the Ruckhalde. In order to eliminate the uneconomical service pattern of the trains in the St. Gallen “side” station (Nebenbahnhof) needed to be connected to the Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen line of the Trogen Railway by the cross-city line, although the two track branches had very different characteristics.The Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen cross-city line became a key strategic project of Appenzell Railways. The required work was subdivided into five sub-projects, of which the St.\u00a0Gallen station\u2013Rieth\u00fcsli section, including the proposed Ruckhalde Tunnel, which was approximately 700 metre-long, was the most complex and largest. Apart from the construction of the new track, further work was necessary. Thus, the overhead line voltage was raised to 1500\u00a0V; previously it had been 1000\u00a0V on the Trogen Railway and 1500\u00a0V on the St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell Railway. Teufen station received a third platform track, so that besides the crossings of the regular interval services, trains can reverse there in the peak. The siding to St. Gallen AB station was replaced by a crossover and the double track was extended from the Rathaus (town hall) to the St. Leonhard bridge. In order to simplify operation, the seven signal boxes between Niederteufen and Trogen have been replaced by two new systems, which contain components of the SiGrid interlocking architecture, developed by Siemens. SiGrid connects the external facilities with the interlocking and supplies it with 750 Volt DC power.The cross-city line brings significant improvements to passengers: in addition to the 15-minute cycle between St. Gallen and Teufen, connections to Intercity trains to and from Z\u00fcrich have been improved. The elimination of the technically complex and expensive to operate rack section in the Ruckhalde has made it possible to use the newly acquired Tango (class ABe 8\/12) low-floor trains, which are more comfortable and quieter, but also more cost-effective. The Ruckhalde Tunnel route eliminated the need for six level crossings, which has significantly increased traffic safety in the Rieth\u00fcsli district.The construction began in the spring of 2016. The cantons of St. Gallen, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden and their municipalities contributed a total of CHF 49 million to the total costs of around CHF 90 million, with the rest being financed by the federal government.[13] While the cross-city line had been duplicated through the St. Gallen station forecourt, the forecourt had also been under renovation since 2015.[14] The new line was opened on 6 October 2018 for a folk festival and scheduled commercial operations began on 7 October.[15]Siemens used an interruption of operations to operate a digital interlocking for the first time anywhere in the world in September 2018. The signal box was operated from a Siemens location in Wallisellen on a trial basis via a public data network.[16]Route description[edit]  The separation of train and road is not yet completed in Teufen  BDeh 4\/4 set in 2011 on the Sitter Viaduct near AppenzellAfter the line has left the Innerrhoden capital of Appenzell\u2014which is also served by the trains of the Gossau\u2013Wasserauen railway of the original Appenzell Railway\u2014it runs over the 296-meter-long Sitter Viaduct to the Hirschberg loop, which offers views of Appenzell and the Alpstein. Running next to the road, after passing over a watershed, the railway reaches the crossing station of Sammelplatz and, after about three kilometres of down grade, the entrance of the Ausserrhoden village of Gais. The line, which is now running away from the road, takes a tight 180\u00b0 curve into the station of Gais, where the trains that run over the Stoss Pass to Altst\u00e4tten wait, and the depot and workshop buildings of the former SGA are located.At the village exit, the line returns to the edge of the canton road again. On the following downslope are the stops of Zweibr\u00fccken and Strahlholz. Before the village of B\u00fchler, the line changes to the left side of the street. The line crosses the cantonal road again on the way to Steigbach station. After the Goldibach bridge and a short climb, the line reaches the village of Teufen at the hotel “Linde”. The station building, built in 1909, houses, along with retail outlets, tenants such as the cantonal police.  BDe 4\/8 23 set in 2008 in Markt\u00adplatz in central St. Gallen  St. Gallen side station before the opening of the Ruckhalde Tunnel with a train to Trogen to the left of the entrance building and to Appenzell to the right of the entrance building.The line passes through the stops of Stofel, Sternen, Niederteufen and Lustm\u00fchle before reaching the St. Gallen quarter of Rieth\u00fcsli. Until 2018, train crossings took place at the Liebegg crossing loop 300 metres south of Rieth\u00fcsli halt. Since 2018, the line has run through the Ruckhalde Tunnel on a decline of 8.0%, losing about 70 metres in altitude, to the level of the once important SBB freight yard in St. Gallen. The tunnel replaced the last remaining rack section, which had impressive view of the western parts of the city, and the sharp Ruckhalde curve. The tunnel also made an approximately 300 metres-long section of overhead line that had been shared with the St. Gallen Trolleybus superfluous. Due to the lower voltage of the trolleybus network, the two forms of transport were electrically isolated from each other. The section with an S-curve leading to St. Leonhard bridge will be replaced by a new double-track section next to the SBB St. Gallen\u2013Winterthur railway by the end of 2021. After passing under the St. Leonhard bridge the line reaches the so-called St. Gallen Nebenbahnhof (“side station”), where a connecting building provides covered access to the standard-gauge trains of the SBB, SOB and Thurbo.The inner city section which has an overhead line voltage of only 600 volts instead of 1500 volts starts in the Nebenbahnhof and the cross-city line runs up to the Br\u00fchltor (Br\u00fchl gate) parallel to the St. Gallen Trolleybus line of the Verkehrsbetriebe der Stadt St. Gallen (St. Gallen city transport company, VBSG). This section is supplied by a common traction substation. Originally, the trains to Trogen ran in the city on the tracks of the  St. Gallen Tramway, which was closed in 1957, but this rail infrastructure now belongs to the Appenzell Railway. After taking over the tram infrastructure from the city of St. Gallen in 1959, the Trogen Railway was required to remove the second track in Bahnhofstrasse (between the station forecourt and the Schibener Gate\u2014Schibenertor). The second track in Bahnhofstrasse was not restored until 1978.  Trogen terminus with a BDe 4\/8 22 set  A Be 4\/8 set on the slope between Rank and V\u00f6gelinseggThe cross-city line is built as a tramway to the road junction beyond Br\u00fchl Gate. It runs up to Sch\u00fclerhaus station on a double-lane track in the right-hand traffic and on grooved rails on the surface of the street. The light-rail vehicles are equipped with turning signals and with a bell, in addition to the normal train whistle.Later, the line follows the St. Gallen\u2013Speicher\u2013Trogen cantonal road. From Sch\u00fclerhaus, it has its own track with normal flat bottomed rail. In this section, the line has the character of an interurban, with trains passing on the left at the crossings loops, as in usual on Swiss railways, unlike trams. Originally, the track was consistently built on the road on this section. From 1953, the track was moved to its own route with assistance provided under the Privatbahnhilfegesetz (Private Railway Assistance Act), later the Eisenbahngesetz (Railway Act). The last part in the village of Speicher, including the station, was not moved from the road until 1997.The steep section between Sch\u00fclerhaus and Notkersegg offers a good view of the city of St. Gallen. Passengers can see the Wenigerweiher (a former millpond) at the Schwarzer B\u00e4ren crossing loop and Lake Constance after the halt of Rank. Shortly after the high point of the line at the monument to the Battle of V\u00f6gelinsegg (part of the Appenzell Wars) the line changes from the left to the right side of the road and reaches Sch\u00fctzengarten halt and then Speicher station, where the depot and workshop of the former Trogen Railway are located. After Bendlehn halt, the line and the cantonal road cross the S\u00e4gibach, a tributary of the Goldach, and after passing through the halt of Gfeld, it reaches its terminus in Trogen, formerly the location of a cantonal assembly (Landsgemeinde).Operations[edit]Until 2018[edit]  Be 4\/8 sets crossing in Schwarzer B\u00e4ren station (2012)Before the opening of the Ruckhalde Tunnel, the St. Gallen\u2013Appenzell line was operated as line S\u00a022 of the St. Gallen S-Bahn. The trains ran every half hour and consisted of a BDeh\u00a04\/4 motor car, an intermediate car and a control car. Every second train had a low-floor control car. In the working day peak an express service ran from Appenzell to St. Gallen in the morning and returned in the evening peak, taking 39 minutes over the whole line rather than the usual 43 minutes. Two morning and several evening services were replaced by bus services.The St. Gallen\u2013Trogen line was operated as line S 21 during the day at half-hour intervals with four Be 4\/8 services operated as two additional round trips during the peaks, creating a service every quarter of an hour. With the exception of Speicher, all intermediate stations are request stops. Scheduled train crossing occur in Schwarzer B\u00e4ren station, but in the peak there are also crossings at Speicher and Spisertor. The Trogen line handled freight until mid-1991, largely with freight wagons attached to passenger trains, and until 2007, there were postal consignments in freight wagons.Since the opening of the cross-city line[edit]  ABe 8\/12 “Tango” set in 2018 between Sammelplatz and HirschbergIn the 2019 timetable, the previous service is basically maintained with an additional Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen express service operating in the  load direction between Appenzell and St. Gallen in the peak. The regular interval regional services run on the Appenzell\u2013Trogen route as line S\u00a021 and on the Teufen\u2013Trogen route as line S\u00a022. The services previously operated in the evening by bus are provided by trains.[19] The two minutes reduction in running time enabled by the Ruckhalde Tunnel required the extension of the Liebegg crossing loop to the Lustm\u00fchle halt. The other crossing loops on the Gais branch are located at St. Gallen freight yard, Niederteufen, Teufen and Gais.Since the opening of the Ruckhalde Tunnel, all traffic has been handled by eleven 2.40 metre-wide Tango articulated railcar (class ABe 8\/12), which is determined by the structure gauge of the Trogen Railway. The rolling stock previously used on the St. Gallen\u2013Appenzell route are 25 centimetres wider. Major maintenance work will ensure that 2.65 metre-wide vehicles can be used for the next generation of rolling stock.Projects[edit]A new section of double track at the St. Gallen freight yard and a crossing loop at Eggli between Zweibr\u00fccken and Strahlholz will allow further travel time reductions between St. Gallen and Appenzell and improve the connections in Gais and Appenzell. The Gais workshop will be replaced by a new service center in Schwende, while only maintenance and minor repairs will be carried out in Speicher.References[edit][edit]Sources[edit]Aeschlimann, J\u00fcrg; Waldburger, Hans (2003). Strassenbahn St. Gallen\u2013Speicher\u2013Trogen; Die Trogenerbahn (in German). Leissigen: Prellbock Druck & Verlag. ISBN\u00a03-907579-24-0.Baumgartner, Thomas; Liniger, Alexander (April 2014). “Die Durchmesserlinie Appenzell\u2013St. Gallen\u2013Trogen” (PDF) (in German). Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau. Archived from the original (PDF, 1.1 MB) on 9 August 2018. Retrieved 13 November 2018.Baumgartner, Thomas; Regli, Lukas (2013). “Die Bedeutung der Durchmesserlinie Appenzell \u2013 St. Gallen \u2013 Trogen f\u00fcr die Appenzeller Bahnen”. Schweizer Eisenbahn-Revue (in German). Minirex (11). ISSN\u00a01022-7113.Brugger, Daniel (1978). 75 Jahre Trogenerbahn 1903\u20131978. Die Geschichte der Trogenerbahn 1903\u20131978 (in German). Speicher: Verlag Trogenerbahn.Hardegger, Josef (1989). 100 Jahre Gaiserbahn, 1889\u20131989 (in German). Herisau: Verlag Schl\u00e4pfer. ISBN\u00a03-85882-063-6.L\u00fcthard, J\u00fcrg D. (2017). “Neue Infrastruktur und neue Z\u00fcge f\u00fcr die Appenzeller Bahnen”. Schweizer Eisenbahn-Revue (in German) (11).L\u00fcthard, J\u00fcrg D.; Rellstab, Mathias (2017). ““SiGrid” und “SiNet”“. Schweizer Eisenbahn-Revue (in German) (11).Rellstab, Mathias (2018). “Die neue Flotte der Appenzeller Bahnen rollt an”. Schweizer Eisenbahn-Revue (in German) (5).W\u00e4gli, Hans G. (2010). Schienennetz Schweiz und Bahnprofil Schweiz CH+ (in German). AS Verlag. ISBN\u00a0978-3-909111-74-9.Willen, Peter (1972). Lokomotiven der Schweiz 2. Schmalspur Triebfahrzeuge (in German). Z\u00fcrich: Orell F\u00fcssli Verlag.     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