[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/chromosome-11-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/chromosome-11-wikipedia\/","headline":"Chromosome 11 – Wikipedia","name":"Chromosome 11 – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Human chromosome Chromosome 11 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans.","datePublished":"2021-07-24","dateModified":"2021-07-24","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram_vertical.svg\/134px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram_vertical.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram_vertical.svg\/134px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram_vertical.svg.png","height":"698","width":"134"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/chromosome-11-wikipedia\/","wordCount":6512,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaHuman chromosomeChromosome 11 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 11 spans about 135 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. The shorter arm (p arm) is termed 11p while the longer arm (q arm) is 11q. At about 21.5 genes per megabase, chromosome 11 is one of the most gene-rich, and disease-rich, chromosomes in the human genome.More than 40% of the 856 olfactory receptor genes in the human genome are located in 28 single-gene and multi-gene clusters along the chromosome.Table of ContentsNumber of genes[edit]Gene list[edit]Diseases and disorders[edit]Cytogenetic band[edit]References[edit]External links[edit]Number of genes[edit]The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 11. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS’s gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[3]Gene list[edit]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 11. For complete list, see the links in the infobox on the right.ACAT1: acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1 (acetoacetyl Coenzyme A thiolase)ACRV1: encoding protein Acrosomal protein SP-10AKIP1: A kinase interacting protein 1ALKBH3 encoding protein AlkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenaseAMOTL1: angiomotin-like protein 1AMPD3: encoding enzyme AMP deaminase 3API5: encoding protein Apoptosis inhibitor 5APLNR:  Apelin receptor (APJ receptor)APOA4: apolipoprotein A-IVARCN1 encoding protein Archain 1ASRGL1: encoding enzyme L-asparaginaseATM: ataxia telangiectasia mutated (includes complementation groups A, C and D)B3GNT1: encoding enzyme N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferaseBATF2: encoding protein Basic leucine zipper transcription factor, ATF-like 2BDNF: secretes BDNF,  a member of the Neurotrophin family of proteinsC11orf1: encoding proteinC11orf16: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C11orf16C11orf49: encoding protein UPF0705 protein C11orf49C11orf52 encoding protein C11orf52C11orf54: encoding protein Ester hydrolase C11orf54C11orf86: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C11orf86C1QTNF4 encoding protein C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 4C1QTNF5: encoding protein C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 5CAPRIN1: encoding protein, cell cycle associated protein 1CCDC90B: coiled coil domain containing 90BCCL9: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 9CD81: cluster of differentiation 81CDHR5: cadherin related family member 5COMMD9: COMM domain-containing protein 9CPSF7: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 7CPT1A: carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (liver)CREBZF encoding protein CREB\/ATF bZIP transcription factorDAK: Triokinase\/FMN cyclaseDDI1: encoding protein DNA-damage inducible 1 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae)DGAT2 encoding protein Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2DHCR7: 7-dehydrocholesterol reductaseDKK3: Dickkopf-related protein 3DPF2: Double PHD fingers 2DRD4: Dopamine receptor D4 at 11p15.5DSCAML1: encoding protein Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule like 1EI24: Etoposide-induced protein 2.4 homologFAM118B: encoding protein Family with sequence similarity 118, member BFAM76B: Family with sequence similarity 76 member BFAR1: fatty acyl-coA reductase 1FAT3: fat atypical cadherin 3FHIP: FTS and Hook-interacting proteinFNBP4: Formin-binding protein 4FOLR3: encoding protein Folate receptor gammaGLB1L3: galactosidase, beta 1-like 3GLYAT: Glycine-N-acyltransferaseGLYATL2 encoding protein Glycine-N-acyltransferase like 2GPHA2: Glycoprotein hormone alpha-2GYLTL1B: Glycosyltransferase-like protein LARGE2HBB: hemoglobin, betaHBBP1: encoding protein Hemoglobin, beta pseudogene 1HIKESHI: chromosome 11, open reading frame 73HMBS: hydroxymethylbilane VIIAHRASLS3: adipose phospholipase A2HTATIP2: HIV-1 Tat interactive protein 2HYLS1: Hydroletalus (Finnish heritage disease) related geneHYOU1: hypoxia upregulated protein 1IFITM2 encoding protein Interferon induced transmembrane protein 2IFT46: intraflagellar transport protein 46 homologIGF2-AS: encoding protein IGF2 antisense RNAINS: insulin gene [11]KDM2A: lysine demethylase 2AKIAA1549L encoding protein KIAA1549-likeLPXN: leupaxinLRFN4 encoding protein Leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 4MADD: MAP kinase-activating death domain proteinMEN1: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1MIRLET7A2: microRNA let-7a-2MMP7: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP family)MOGAT2: monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2MTRNR2L8: encoding protein MT-RNR2-like 8NADSYN1: NAD synthetase 1NAP1L4: nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 4NFRKB: nuclear factor related to kappa-B binding proteinNNMT: nicotinamide N-methyltransferaseNRGN: neurograninP53AIP1: p53-regulated apoptosis-inducing protein 1PAX6: paired box 6PCNX3 encoding protein Pecanex homolog 3PGA3 encoding protein Pepsinogen 3, group I (pepsinogen A)PIWIL4 encoding protein Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4PRR5L: proline rich 5 likePTPRCAP: protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C associated proteinPTS: 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthaseQSER1: glutamine serine rich protein 1RAG1\/RAG2: recombination activating genesRELT: tumor necrosis factor recepteorREXO2: RNA exonuclease 2RNH1: ribonuclease inhibitor 1RNU2-2: encoding protein RNA, U2 small nuclear 2ROM1: retinal outer segment membrane protein 1RPL27A: encoding protein 60S ribosomal protein L27aRPL36A: encoding protein 60S ribosomal protein L36aRSF1: remodeling and spacing factor 1SAA1: serum amyloid A1SAA2: serum amyloid A2SAC3D1: SAC3 domain-containing protein 1SART1: squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1SBF2: SET binding factor 2SCGB1D2: secretoglobin family 1D member 2SESN3 encoding protein Sestrin 3SIDT2 encoding protein SID1 transmembrane family member 2SLC17A6: encoding protein Solute carrier family 17 (vesicular glutamate transporter), member 6SLC25A22: encoding protein Solute carrier family 25 member 22SMAP1: small acidic proteinSMCO4: encoding protein SMCO4SMPD1: sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal (acid sphingomyelinase)SPA17: sperm autoantigenic protein 17SRPRA: Srp receptor alpha subunitSuppression of tumorigenicity 2: encoding protein Suppression of tumorigenicity 2TAF1D: TATA box binding protein associated factor RNA polymerase 1 subunit DTALDO1 encoding protein Transaldolase 1TBRG1: transforming growth factor beta regulator 1TECTA: tectorin alpha (nonsyndromic deafness)TH: tyrosine hydroxylaseTHRSP: thyroid hormone inducible hepatic proteinTHYN1: thymocyte nuclear protein 1TIMM10: translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 10TIMM10B: Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim9 BTM7SF2: transmembrane 7 superfamily member 2TMEM109: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 109TMEM123: transmembrane protein 123TMEM126B: transmembrane protein 126BTMEM134: transmembrane protein 134TMEM25: transmembrane protein 25TMPRSS4: encoding protein Transmembrane protease, serine 4TP53I11: tumor protein 53 inducible protein 11TRAPPC4: trafficking protein particle complex subunit 4TRPT1: tRNA 2′-phosphotransferase 1UNC93B1: Unc-93 homolog B1UPK2: uroplakin-2UQCC3: encoding protein Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex assembly factor 3USH1C: Usher syndrome 1C (autosomal recessive, severe)USP47: ubiquitin specific peptidase 47UVRAG: UV radiation resistance associatedVPS26B: vacuolar protein sorting 26 homolog BVSIG2: V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 2WT1: Wilms tumor proteinYIF1A: Yip1 interacting factor homolog AZFP91-CNTFZNF408: zinc finger protein 408Diseases and disorders[edit]The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 11:Cytogenetic band[edit]G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 11 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browser).G-banding patterns of human chromosome 11 in three different resolutions (400,[13] 550[14] and 850[2]). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).[15] This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process.[16]G-bands of human chromosome 11 in resolution 850 bphs[17]Chr.Arm[18]Band[19]ISCNstart[20]ISCNstop[20]BasepairstartBasepairstopStain[21]Density11p15.5023012,800,000gneg11p15.42304612,800,00111,700,000gpos5011p15.346174511,700,00113,800,000gneg11p15.274593513,800,00116,900,000gpos5011p15.1935124616,900,00122,000,000gneg11p14.31246149022,000,00126,200,000gpos10011p14.21490154526,200,00127,200,000gneg11p14.11545177527,200,00131,000,000gpos7511p131775211431,000,00136,400,000gneg11p122114235736,400,00143,400,000gpos10011p11.22357265543,400,00148,800,000gneg11p11.122655287248,800,00151,000,000gpos7511p11.112872303551,000,00153,400,000acen11q113035319753,400,00155,800,000acen11q12.13197341455,800,00160,100,000gpos7511q12.23414355060,100,00161,900,000gneg11q12.33550368561,900,00163,600,000gpos2511q13.13685403763,600,00166,100,000gneg11q13.24037418666,100,00168,700,000gpos2511q13.34186451268,700,00170,500,000gneg11q13.44512468870,500,00175,500,000gpos5011q13.54688487775,500,00177,400,000gneg11q14.14877514877,400,00185,900,000gpos10011q14.25148525785,900,00188,600,000gneg11q14.35257547488,600,00193,000,000gpos10011q215474569093,000,00197,400,000gneg11q22.15690593497,400,001102,300,000gpos10011q22.259346070102,300,001103,000,000gneg11q22.360706300103,000,001110,600,000gpos10011q23.163006503110,600,001112,700,000gneg11q23.265036693112,700,001114,600,000gpos5011q23.366937167114,600,001121,300,000gneg11q24.171677316121,300,001124,000,000gpos5011q24.273167533124,000,001127,900,000gneg11q24.375337695127,900,001130,900,000gpos5011q2576957980130,900,001135,086,622gnegReferences[edit]^ Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p.\u00a045. ISBN\u00a0978-1-136-84407-2.^ a b Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.   Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.^ Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). “Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes”. Genome Biol. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186\/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC\u00a02898077. PMID\u00a020441615. ^ “Search results – 11[CHR] AND “Homo sapiens”[Organism] AND (“has ccds”[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene”. NCBI. CCDS Release 20 for Homo sapiens. 2016-09-08. Retrieved 2017-05-28.^ “Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 11”. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. 2017-05-12. Retrieved 2017-05-19.^ “Chromosome 11: Chromosome summary – Homo sapiens”. Ensembl Release 88. 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2017-05-19.^ “Human chromosome 11: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM”. UniProt. 2018-02-28. Retrieved 2018-03-16.^ “Search results – 11[CHR] AND “Homo sapiens”[Organism] AND (“genetype protein coding”[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene”. NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.^ “Search results – 11[CHR] AND “Homo sapiens”[Organism] AND ( (“genetype miscrna”[Properties] OR “genetype ncrna”[Properties] OR “genetype rrna”[Properties] OR “genetype trna”[Properties] OR “genetype scrna”[Properties] OR “genetype snrna”[Properties] OR “genetype snorna”[Properties]) NOT “genetype protein coding”[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene”. NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.^ “Search results – 11[CHR] AND “Homo sapiens”[Organism] AND (“genetype pseudo”[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene”. NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.^ INS \u2013 insulin \u2013 Genetics Home Reference^ “Human Genome Project Information Site Has Been Updated”. Archived from the original on 2012-07-10. Retrieved 2009-01-04.^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.   Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.^ International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. ISBN\u00a0978-3-318-02253-7.^ Sethakulvichai, W.; Manitpornsut, S.; Wiboonrat, M.; Lilakiatsakun, W.; Assawamakin, A.; Tongsima, S. (2012). “Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images”. In Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE), 2012 International Joint Conference on: 276\u2013282. doi:10.1109\/JCSSE.2012.6261965. ISBN\u00a0978-1-4673-1921-8. S2CID\u00a016666470.^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.   Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.^ “p“: Short arm; “q“: Long arm.^ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.^ a b These values (ISCN start\/stop) are based on the length of bands\/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.^ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.External links[edit]National Institutes of Health. “Chromosome 11”. Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on August 3, 2004. Retrieved 2017-05-06.“Chromosome 11”. Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990\u20132003. Retrieved 2017-05-06.     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