[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/haplogroup-c-b477-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/haplogroup-c-b477-wikipedia\/","headline":"Haplogroup C-B477 &#8211; Wikipedia","name":"Haplogroup C-B477 &#8211; Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Human Y-chromosome haplogroup Haplogroup C-B477, also known as Haplogroup C1b2, is a Y-chromosome","datePublished":"2020-11-03","dateModified":"2020-11-03","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Haplogroup_C_%28Y-DNA%29_migration.png\/300px-Haplogroup_C_%28Y-DNA%29_migration.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Haplogroup_C_%28Y-DNA%29_migration.png\/300px-Haplogroup_C_%28Y-DNA%29_migration.png","height":"165","width":"300"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/haplogroup-c-b477-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4368,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Human Y-chromosome haplogroupHaplogroup C-B477, also known as Haplogroup C1b2, is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two primary branches of Haplogroup C1b, one of the descendants of Haplogroup C1.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4It is distributed in high frequency in Indigenous Australians, Papuan people, Melanesian people, and Polynesian people.Table of ContentsSubgroups[edit]Frequency[edit]C-M38[edit]C-M347[edit]Migration history[edit]References[edit]Subgroups[edit]Frequency[edit]C-M38[edit]Lani 100%,[2]Dani 92%,[2]Cook Islands 78%[3]-82%,[2]Samoa 62%[3]-72%,[4]Tahiti 64%,[4]Sumba 57%,[4]Maori 43%,[5]Tonga 34%,[3][4]Futuna 30%,[3]Maewo 23%,[4]Maluku Islands 15%[2]-28%,[4]Fiji 22%,[3]Asmat people 20%,[2]Coastal New Guinea 14%[4]-23%,[2]Flores 17%,[4]Tuvalu 17%,[3]Tolai 12.5%[2]-21%,[3]Lesser Sunda Islands 16%,[2]Admiralty Islands 16%,[3]West Sulawesi 12.5%[4]C-M347[edit]Migration history[edit]         (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Migration of Haplogroup C (Y-DNA)Haplogroup C-B477 took South route after the Out of Africa through Indian subcontinent to Sahul Shelf.[8] C-M38 was born 49,600 years before present around New Guinea.[9]References[edit]^ Hudjashov, G; Kivisild, T; Underhill, PA;  et\u00a0al. (May 2007). &#8220;&#8220;(May 2007). &#8220;Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis&#8221;. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (21): 8726\u201330. doi:10.1073\/pnas.0702928104. PMC\u00a01885570. PMID\u00a017496137.^ a b c d e f g h Kayser, M; Brauer, S; Weiss, G;  et\u00a0al. (February 2003). &#8220;&#8220;(February 2003). &#8220;Reduced Y-chromosome, but not mitochondrial DNA, diversity in human populations from West New Guinea&#8221;. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 72 (2): 281\u2013302. doi:10.1086\/346065. PMC\u00a0379223. PMID\u00a012532283.^ a b c d e f g h Kayser, M; Choi, Y; van Oven, M;  et\u00a0al. (July 2008). &#8220;&#8220;(July 2008). &#8220;The impact of the Austronesian expansion: evidence from mtDNA and Y chromosome diversity in the Admiralty Islands of Melanesia&#8221;. Mol. Biol. Evol. 25 (7): 1362\u201374. doi:10.1093\/molbev\/msn078. PMID\u00a018390477.^ a b c d e f g h i Cox, MP; Redd, AJ; Karafet, TM;  et\u00a0al. (October 2007). &#8220;A Polynesian motif on the Y chromosome: population structure in remote Oceania&#8221;. Hum. Biol. 79 (5): 525\u201335. doi:10.1353\/hub.2008.0004. hdl:1808\/13585. PMID\u00a018478968. S2CID\u00a04834817.^ Underhill PA, Passarino G, Lin AA,  et\u00a0al. (April 2001). &#8220;Maori origins, Y-chromosome haplotypes and implications for human history in the Pacific&#8221;. Hum. Mutat. 17 (4): 271\u201380. doi:10.1002\/humu.23. PMID\u00a011295824. S2CID\u00a07199607.^ Hudjashov, G.; Kivisild, T.; Underhill, P. A.; Endicott, P.; Sanchez, J. J.; Lin, A. A.; Shen, P.; Oefner, P.; Renfrew, C.; Villems, R.; Forster, P. (2007). &#8220;Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis&#8221;. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (21): 8726\u201330. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.8726H. doi:10.1073\/pnas.0702928104. PMC\u00a01885570. PMID\u00a017496137.^ Kayser, M; Brauer, Silke; Weiss, Gunter; Schiefenh\u00f6vel, Wulf; Underhill, Peter; Shen, Peidong; Oefner, Peter; Tommaseo-Ponzetta, Mila; Stoneking, Mark (2003). &#8220;Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea&#8221;. The American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (2): 281\u2013302. doi:10.1086\/346065. PMC\u00a0379223. PMID\u00a012532283.^ \u5d0e\u8c37\u6e80\u300eDNA\u30fb\u8003\u53e4\u30fb\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u5b66\u969b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u793a\u3059\u65b0\u30fb\u65e5\u672c\u5217\u5cf6\u53f2\u300f\uff08\u52c9\u8aa0\u51fa\u7248\u30002009\u5e74\uff09(in Japanese)^ Scheinfeldt, L.; Friedlaender, F; Friedlaender, J; Latham, K; Koki, G; Karafet, T; Hammer, M; Lorenz, J (2006). &#8220;Unexpected NRY Chromosome Variation in Northern Island Melanesia&#8221;. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 23 (8): 1628\u201341. doi:10.1093\/molbev\/msl028. PMID\u00a016754639.This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.  (February 2021)Footnotes^ Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). &#8220;Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome&#8221;. Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187\u201391. doi:10.1002\/humu.22468. PMID\u00a024166809. S2CID\u00a023291764.^ International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)^ Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0&#8217;1&#8217;2&#8217;3&#8217;4).^ Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1&#8217;2&#8217;3&#8217;4.^ Haplogroup LT (L298\/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.^ Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as &#8220;Haplogroup K2&#8221;. That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.^ Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. (This followed the publication of: Poznik GD, Xue Y, Mendez FL,  et\u00a0al. (2016). &#8220;Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences&#8221;. Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593\u20139. doi:10.1038\/ng.3559. PMC\u00a04884158. PMID\u00a027111036. In the past, other haplogroups, including NO (M214) and K2e had also been identified with the name &#8220;K2a&#8221;.^  Haplogroup K2b (M1221\/P331\/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.^  Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as &#8220;Haplogroup X&#8221; and &#8220;K2a&#8221; (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a). ^ K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia.  In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, &#8220;K-M2335&#8221;, and;  PhyloTree, 2017, &#8220;Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree&#8221; (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017) ^  Haplogroup K2b1 (P397\/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.^  Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.^  Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)^  Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)     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