Line 10 (Beijing Subway) – Wikipedia

Rapid transit line in Beijing, China

Line 10
Other name(s)	M10 (planned name)
Status	Operational
Locale	Haidian, Chaoyang and Fengtai districts Beijing
Stations	45
Type	Rapid transit
System	Beijing Subway
Operator(s)	Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corp., Ltd
Depot(s)	Wanliu, Wulu, Songjiazhuang
Rolling stock	6-car Type B (DKZ15, DKZ34, DKZ46)
Daily ridership	1,931,000 (First Half of 2018 Peak)[1] 2,076,500 (2014 Peak)[2]
Opened	19 July 2008; 14 years ago (2008-07-19)
Line length	57.024 km (35.4 mi)[3]
Character	Underground
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	750 V DC Third rail
Operating speed	80 km/h (50 mph)

Line 10 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁10号线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě shíhào xiàn) is the second loop line in Beijing’s rapid transit network as well as the second longest and most widely used line. The line is 57.024 km (35.4 mi) in length,^[3] and runs entirely underground through Haidian, Chaoyang and Fengtai Districts, either directly underneath or just beyond the 3rd Ring Road.^[4] The Line 10 loop is situated between 2 and 6 kilometres (1.2 and 3.7 mi) outside the Line 2 loop, which circumnavigates Beijing’s old Inner City. Every subway line through the city centre intersects with Line 10, which has 24 transfer stations along route, and 45 stations in all.^[4] Line 10’s color is Capri.

Line 10 was the world’s longest rapid transit loop line since its completion in May 2013^[5][4] till March 2023^[a] and one of the longest entirely underground subway lines requiring 104 minutes to complete one full journey in either direction.^[5][4]

History[edit]

Segment	Commencement	Length[3]	Station(s)	Name
Bagou — Jingsong	19 July 2008	24.680 km (15.335 mi)	22	Phase 1
Xiju — Bagou	30 December 2012	13.843 km (8.602 mi)	9	Phase 2 (initial section)
Jingsong — Capital Univ. of Economics & Business		15.932 km (9.900 mi)	11
Capital Univ. of Economics & Business — Xiju	5 May 2013	3.420 km (2.13 mi)	2	Phase 2 (final section)
Jiaomendong		Infill station	1

Planning[edit]

The Beijing Subway network was originally conceived to have only one loop line.^[7] The booming economy and explosive population growth of Beijing put huge demand on Line 2, surpassing its designed capacity. In 2001 and 2002, the China Academy of Urban Planning and Design proposed two “L-shaped” lines named Line 10 and 11. Together they would form a second loop around Beijing and relieve pressure on line 2.^[8]

Phase I[edit]

On December 27, 2003, in preparation for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Phase 1 of Line 10 started construction.^[9] On July 19, 2008, Phase I of Line 10 entered operation ahead of the opening of the Olympic Games.^[10] It was 24.68 km (15.34 mi) in length and had 22 stations. Phase I consisted of the northern and eastern sides of Line 10’s rectangular loop from Bagou to Jingsong forming an inverted “L”-shaped line.

Beitucheng Station	Mudanyuan station	Station sign showing Exits A, B & D of Zhichunli Station

Phase II[edit]

Construction on Phase II began on December 28, 2007. which meant that the original plan for Line 11 was not incorporated into the final network design and was instead absorbed into Line 10. Line 10 formed the second full loop around Beijing.^[11] In 2010, the Ministry of Railways proposed that Fengtai Railway Station was to be renovated and expanded to become a bigger intercity rail terminal for Beijing, with access to the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. The rationale was to ease intercity traffic pressure on Beijing West railway station.^[12] Due to the need to reorganize the stations on Line 10 to better serve the new rail terminal, work stopped on 2 stations, namely Mengjiacun (孟家村) and Niwa (泥洼).^[13] The planning department proposed that the original Mengjiacun and Niwa subway stations be merged into the new Fengtai railway station, known as the “three stations into one” program. Local residents, after realizing their travel to a subway station would be greatly lengthened, quickly opposed the plan.^[14] Planners reconsidered and moved Niwa station 300 m (984 ft) north to its current position and Mengjiacun station 100 m (328 ft) north to be renamed as Fengtai Railway Station.^[15] The original station shells were demolished and new stations built in their respective new locations. Niwa station started reconstruction in February 2012,^[16] while Fengtai railway station started on April 11, 2012.^[17] This made the late 2012 opening date for that section of Line 10 highly unlikely and was postponed to the next year.^[18] On December 30, 2012, the first section of Phase II, consisting of the southern and western sides of the loop opened. With the opening of Phase I and Phase II, Line 10 became a “C” shape.^[19]

The near completion of Line 10 led to rapid growth of Line 10’s ridership. At the same time, some traffic from Line 1 was diverted to the parallel and newly opened Line 6, allowing Line 10 to overtake Line 1 as Beijing’s busiest subway line.^[20]
The Beijing Subway started operating express trains that ran non-stop between Songjiazhuang to Jinsong to alleviate traffic in the southeastern section of Line 10. These trains stopped operation after the completion of the loop.^[21]

The loop was fully enclosed on May 5, 2013 with the opening of Fengtai and Niwa stations, as well as the infill Jiaomen East.^{[4][10][22][23]} Initially, Line 10 services consisted of a “full-loop” service that make the journey through all 45 stations in 104 minutes, and “partial-loop” trains that run from Chedaogou in the north-west to Songjiazhuang in the south-east before turning back.^[4] With the delivery of more rolling stock, “partial-loop” trains were removed and all trains serving the full loop at a headway of 2 minutes and 15 seconds. By 2014, the completed loop carried on average 1.69 million passengers per day.^[24] By 2019, large sections of Line 10 operated above 100% capacity, particularly the eastern and northern sections. Beijing Subway has responded by increasing the frequency of trains to every two minutes and removing some seats on trains to increase capacity.^[25][26]

Hall of Panjiayuan station	Hall of Fengtai Railway Station (subway station)	Ceiling of Gongzhufen station, Line 10

Operation[edit]

From Bagou near Wanliu Park in Haidian District, Line 10 runs straight east, between the northern 3rd and 4th Ring Roads. At Xitucheng, the line meets the northern section of the Yuan dynasty earthen city wall, called tucheng. Jiandemen and Anzhenmen stations are named after former gates in the wall. At Beitucheng, Line 8 (Phase 1) extends off Line 10 and provides access to the Beijing Olympic Green. Farther east, Line 10 turns south after the Sanyuanqiao and follows the eastern 3rd Ring Road straight south to Jingsong in Chaoyang District. The Bagou-Jingsong section constituted Phase I of Line 10, which first opened in July 2008, and connects the university district in Haidian with the embassy district and Beijing CBD. A trip from Bagou to Jingsong takes about 40 minutes. The full loop takes about 104 minutes.^[5]

Fare[edit]

Starting fare of RMB(¥) 3 that increases according to the distance fare scheme introduced in December 2014.

Regular subway users can use a Yikatong card, which offers even cheaper journeys, as well as mobile phone apps, which deploy payment via a QR code.

Hours of Operation[edit]

The first train on the inner (clockwise) loop departs from Xiju towards Shoujingmao at 5:20 am. The first train on the outer (counter-clockwise) loop departs from Shoujingmao towards Xiju at 6:12 am. The last inner loop train leaves Xiju for Bagou at 11:29 pm. The last outer loop train leaves Shoujingmao for Chedaogou at 11:06 pm. For the official timetable, see.^[27]

Safety[edit]

There are subway public security bureaus (police stations) located in the Bagou, Beitucheng and Liangmaqiao stations. Emergencies can be reported by calling 110 or 64011327.^[28]

Stations[edit]

Some trains terminate at stations marked ‘*’.

Station Name		Connections	Nearby Bus Stops	Travel Time	Distance km[3][29]		Location
English	Chinese
— ↑ loop line – towards Huoqiying ↑ —					-1.495	-1.495
Bagou	巴沟*	Xijiao	74 302 304 307 361 386 424 528 534 539 613 614 630 644 664 夜9 专214	0:00	0.000	0.000	Haidian
Suzhou Jie	苏州街		26 302 304 307 361 374 386 424 450 528 613 630 634 644 671 688 夜9	0:02	1.110	1.110
Haidian Huangzhuang	海淀黄庄	4	145 302 304 305 307 320 332 355 365 386 584 614 630 634 653 671 681 夜8 夜9	0:04	0.950	2.060
Zhichunli	知春里		304 323 386 549 579 630 634 653 671 夜9	0:06	0.975	3.035
Zhichun Lu	知春路	13	304 311 319 386 579 601 630 653 671 夜9 专168	0:08	1.058	4.093
Xitucheng	西土城	Changping	21 94 304 375 386 478 579 601 603 653 658 671 686 693 夜9 夜14	0:10	1.101	5.194
Mudanyuan	牡丹园	19	16 21 22 47 123 135 304 331 345快 425 508 510 579 601 606 618 620 645 653 658 夜4 夜9	0:12	1.330	6.524
Jiandemen	健德门		21 55 143 315 344 345 510 601 618 620 625 653 658 695 夜2 夜9 夜38	0:14	0.973	7.497	Haidian / Chaoyang[b]
Beitucheng	北土城	8	5 21 81 82 92 113 142 380 409 515 607 620 653 694 夜6 夜9 专8	0:16	1.100	8.597	Chaoyang
Anzhenmen	安贞门		108 117 124 142 301 380 409 515 653 694 944 BRT3(快速公交3) BRT3区(快速公交3区) 夜9 夜34 专8	0:18	1.020	9.617
Huixin Xijie Nankou	惠新西街南口	5	95 125 361 430 464 515 921 944 夜26	0:21	0.982	10.599
Shaoyaoju	芍药居	13	119 515 547 567 696 942快 专22	0:24	1.712	12.311
Taiyanggong	太阳宫		130 132 467 515 567 939 966 专212	0:26	1.003	13.314
Sanyuanqiao	三元桥	Capital Airport	18 95 104 132 300 300快 302 359 368 379 401 403 404 419 536 604 641 671 847 850 850快 852 915 915快 916 916快 918 935 935快 936 939 980 980快 夜18 夜30	0:28	1.759	15.073
Liangmaqiao	亮马桥		4 95 402 403 405 413 416 418 419 499 516 536 672 675 687 985 夜30 夜32 专114	0:31	1.506	16.579
Agricultural Exhibition Center	农业展览馆		4 95 135 300 300快 302 368 402 405 416 499 516 671 672 675 687 690 夜30 夜32 专114 专142	0:33	0.914	17.493
Tuanjiehu	团结湖		4 43 95 113 115 117 302 405 406 431 499 650 675 687 690 夜3 夜30 夜34 专5 专114 专142	0:35	0.853	18.346
Hujialou	呼家楼	6	75 113 115 126 140 350 368 405 412 650 671 687 BRT2(快速公交2) 夜6 夜30 夜34 专5 专114	0:37	1.149	19.495
Jintai Xizhao	金台夕照		9 98 101 113 118 350 368 405 488 615 650 671 687 BRT2(快速公交2) 夜13 夜30 夜34 专114	0:39	0.734	20.229
Guomao	国贸	1	1 9 11 28 57 58 72 98 113 348 368 382 388 402 405 421 488 561 647 650 666 667 668 669 687 804 805快 806 807 808 809 814 816 817 818 818快 846 848 930 938快 976 夜1 夜27 夜30 专10	0:41	0.835	21.064
Shuangjing	双井	7	23 28 54 57 72 98 300 300快 312 348 368 402 637 669 687 805快 846 848 938快 976 夜7 夜29 夜30 专10 专87 专165	0:43	1.759	22.823
Jingsong	劲松		8 28 29 35 41 52 54 72 91 98 352 368 402 457 535 637 638 687 夜19 夜30	0:45	1.006	23.829
Panjiayuan	潘家园		28 34 63 300 300快 368 378 535 638 687 805快 846 848 938快 976 夜30	0:47	1.021	24.850
Shilihe	十里河	14   17	28 53 300 300快 352 368 378 439 440 513 638 680 687 846 848 973 975 976 985 986 995 夜30 专19 专72	0:49	1.097	25.947
Fenzhongsi	分钟寺		352	0:52	1.804	27.751	Fengtai
Chengshousi	成寿寺*		25 93 128 665 680 821 985 990 夜23 专196	0:54	1.058	28.809	Chaoyang
Songjiazhuang	宋家庄*	5   Yizhuang	2 39 84 139 141 366 511 524 526 555 576 990 夜28 专62 专189	0:57	1.677	30.486	Fengtai
Shiliuzhuang	石榴庄		17 120 141 820 829 夜28 专76 专130	0:59	1.269	31.755
Dahongmen	大红门		54 324 343 622 687 827 BRT1(快速公交1) 专13 专34 专76 专163	1:01	1.244	32.999
Jiaomendong	角门东		14 54 70 343 501 511 687 957 专13 专34 专76 专145 专176	1:03	1.130	34.129
Jiaomenxi	角门西	4	30 51 72 144 474 501 529 646 954 夜18 专145 专209	1:06	1.254	35.383
Caoqiao	草桥	19   Daxing Airport	381 410 423 434 456 483 497 529 676 679 夜22 专179 专209	1:09	1.688	37.071
Jijiamiao	纪家庙			1:11	1.547	38.618
Capital Univ. of Economics & Business	首经贸	Fangshan	67 351 692 912 专180 专199	1:14	1.143	39.761
Fengtai railway station	丰台站	16  FTP	专4 专149	1:17	1.717	41.478
Niwa	泥洼		335 349 395 459 678 845	1:19	0.954	42.432
Xiju	西局	14	83 323 458 480 483 531 830 958 969 973 夜36	1:21	0.749	43.181
Liuliqiao	六里桥	9	57 133 477 554 568 603 838 941 941快 982 专3	1:24	1.584	44.765
Lianhuaqiao	莲花桥		62 89 134 323 374 603 890 977 夜30 专3	1:28	2.392	47.157	Haidian
Gongzhufen	公主坟	1	1 32 33 40 52 62 64 68 74 76 77 89 94 134 300 300快 308 323 335 337 368 370 374 394 437 603 624 631快 698 977 977快 夜1 夜5 夜30	1:30	1.016	48.173
Xidiaoyutai	西钓鱼台		4 27 33 40 62 85 87 92 97 121 335 414 481 612 627 632 634 653 686 693 698 967 977 977快 BRT4(快速公交4) 夜13 夜16	1:33	2.386	50.559
Cishousi	慈寿寺*	6	33 40 61 73 85 481 507 632 夜3 专98	1:35	1.214	51.773
Chedaogou	车道沟*		33 40 85 87 114 334 347 360 360快 424 437 450 481 604 609 610 632 658 夜12	1:37	1.590	53.363
Changchunqiao	长春桥		33 74 355 360 365 424 425 437 539 644 664 688 921 专214	1:39	1.205	54.568
Huoqiying	火器营		74 424 437 专75	1:41	0.961	55.529
— ↓ Loop line – towards Bagou ↓ —					1.495	57.024

Technology[edit]

Rolling Stock[edit]

Line 10 utilizes a fleet of 6-car DKZ15 trains manufactured by CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles. Initially when Phase I opened the line was operated with a fleet of only 40 trainsets (240 cars).^[30] Some sets operated on the Olympic section of Line 8 before Line 8 was extended and acquired its own dedicated rolling stock.^[31] When Line 10 Phase II opened the fleet was expanded to 84 trains.^[32] However the two existing depots serving Line 10 had insufficient capacity for the entire fleet. Therefore, only 76 trainsets could operate on the line with 8 being temporary stored in other Beijing Subway depots.^[33] With the opening of the new depot in Songjiazhuang and the need to reduce the headway on line to decrease crowding, an additional 32 trainsets were ordered. The fleet grew to 116 trainsets allowing Line 10 to operate at a headway of every 2 minutes throughout the line during rush hour.^[34] Some trains had some seats removed to increase capacity

Signaling system[edit]

Siemens Transportation Systems and China Railway Signaling & Communication Corp. have equipped the entire line with Siemens’s Trainguard MT Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) system.^[35] As a fallback, ETCS Level 1 is also available.^[36]

References[edit]

External links[edit]