[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/list-of-rulers-of-safavid-georgia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/list-of-rulers-of-safavid-georgia\/","headline":"List of rulers of Safavid Georgia","name":"List of rulers of Safavid Georgia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 This is the list of individuals who ruled Safavid Georgia. The territory of","datePublished":"2022-10-02","dateModified":"2022-10-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/list-of-rulers-of-safavid-georgia\/","wordCount":2836,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4This is the list of individuals who ruled Safavid Georgia. The territory of the province was principally made up of the two subordinate eastern Georgian kingdoms of Kartli (Persian: \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0644, romanized:\u00a0Kartil) and Kakheti (Persian: \u06a9\u0627\u062e\u062a, romanized:\u00a0Kakhet) and, briefly, parts of the Principality of Samtskhe.[a] The city of Tiflis (present-day Tbilisi) was its administrative center, the base of Safavid power in the province, and the seat of the rulers of Kartli. It also housed an important Safavid mint. Safavid rule was mainly exercised through the approval or appointment of Georgian royals of the Bagrationi dynasty, at times converts to Shia Islam, as valis or khans.[b] The eastern Georgian kingdoms had been subjected in the early 16th century, their rulers did not commonly convert. Tiflis was garrisoned by an Iranian force as early as Ismail\u00a0I’s reign, but relations between the Georgians and Safavids at the time mostly bore features of traditional vassalage. Davud Khan (David XI) was the first Safavid-appointed ruler, whose placement on the throne of Kartli in 1562 marked the start of nearly two and a half centuries of Iranian political dominance over eastern Georgia.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of ContentsSafavid valis, khans, and vassals[edit]of Kartli[edit]of Kakheti[edit]of (eastern) Samtskhe\u2013Meskheti[edit]References[edit]Sources[edit]Safavid valis, khans, and vassals[edit]of Kartli[edit]TenureVali, khan, vassalNotes1505\u20131524David XNot known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). Subjected by Ismail (r. 1501\u20131524). Upon Ismail’s death in 1524, the Safavid forces were expelled from Kartli.1534\u20131562Luarsab I & Simon I (Mahmud Khan)Not known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). Armed resistance against the Safavids. Kartli (including Tiflis) de facto occupied by the Safavids nevertheless.1562\u20131578Davud KhanAppointed by Tahmasp I (1524\u20131576). Also known as Davit XI or David XI.1578\u20131599Shahnavaz KhanAppointed by Mohammad Khodabanda (1578\u20131587). Previously imprisoned in the Alamut Castle for nine years. Also known as Svimon I or Simon I.1599\u20131606George XNot known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). De facto under Safavid overlordship. Also known as Giorgi X.1606\u20131614LohrasbAppointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629). Executed in 1622 in Shiraz. Also known as Luarsab II.1614\u20131619Direct Safavid ruleTenure of the brothers Ali-Qoli Beg and Emamqoli Beg, as well as Bagrat Khan. When Abbas I (1588\u20131629) launched his punitive campaigns in Safavid Georgia, he temporarily entrusted Kartli’s governorship to Ali-Qoli Beg and his brother Emamqoli Beg. After Ali-Qoli Beg was killed in 1615, Abbas I appointed Bagrat Khan to the post. Raised in Isfahan. Also known as Bagrat VII.1619\u20131630\/1631Direct Safavid ruleTenure of Semayun Khan. Appointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629). Raised in Isfahan. Murav-Beg (Giorgi Saakadze) was appointed as his regent (vakil) and vizier when he was in his minority. Murdered by Zurab I, Duke of Aragvi. Also known as Svimon II or Simon II.1633\u20131658Rostam KhanAppointed by Safi (1629\u20131642). Raised in Isfahan. Held numerous other positions within the Safavid state as well. Buried in Qom. Also known as Rostom, or Rustam Khan.1658\u20131675Shah-Navaz Khan IAppointed by Abbas II (1642\u20131666). Buried in Qom. Also known as Vakhtang V.1676\u20131688Shah-Navaz Khan II, Gorgin Khan (1st tenure)Appointed by Suleiman I (1666\u20131694). Deposed by Suleiman I as well. Also known as Giorgi XI, or George XI.1688\u20131703Nazar-Ali KhanAppointed by Suleiman I (1666\u20131694). Upon his appointment, Abbas Qoli-Khan of neighboring Kakheti was made his supervisor. Removed from position by Suleiman I’s successor, Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Subsequently, made commander of the shah’s personal guard, as well as vali of Kakheti (1703\u20131709). Died in Isfahan. Also known as Erekle I, Heraclius I, or Eregli Khan.1703\u20131709Shah-Navaz Khan II, Gorgin Khan (2nd tenure)Appointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Due to his absence, being Safavid governor in Kandahar and commander-in-chief (sepahsalar) of the Safavid armies, his brother Shah-Qoli Khan was briefly made janeshin (regent) of Kartli. Assassinated by rebels while on duty in Kandahar. Also known as Giorgi XI, George XI.1709\u20131711KaykhosrowAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Spent the entire period as a Safavid commander-in-chief (sepahsalar), and thus served as vali in absentia. Also held the position of prefect of Isfahan for some time, as well as being the deputy to the divanbegi (chancellor, chief justice). Died on the battlefield. Also known as Kaikhosro.1711\/12\u20131714—Regency (actually since 1703) of the future Hosayn-Qoli Khan (Vakhtang VI).1714\u20131716Ali-Qoli KhanAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Raised in Isfahan. Held numerous other positions within the Safavid state as well. Also known as Iese or Jesse.1716\u20131719Shah-Navaz, Bakar MirzaAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Functioned as janeshin on behalf of his father Hosayn-Qoli Khan (Vakhtang VI), who was detained at Isfahan. Held numerous other positions within the Safavid state as well.1719\u20131723\u1e24osaynqol\u012b KhanAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Held numerous other positions within the Safavid state as well. Rebelled in 1722 to join the Russian attack. He was declared deposed by the Safavid government in 1723. Also known as Vakhtang VI.1723Mahmad Qoli KhanAppointed by Tahmasp II (1722\u20131731). Born and raised in Isfahan. Held numerous other positions in the Safavid state as well. Ordered to take control of Kartli after Hosanyqoli Khan’s rebellion. Surrendered to the Ottomans later that same year. Also known as Constantine II.1723\/24\u20131735Ottoman ruleIncluding with Shah-Navaz, Bakar Mirza briefly as vassal in 1723 (new name given by the Ottomans: Ibrahim Pasha), and Ali-Qoli Khan (new name given by the Ottomans: Mustafa Pasha) until 1727. Direct Ottoman rule afterwards.1735\u20131736Direct Safavid ruleSafavid hegemony restored by Nader-Qoli Beg (later known as Nader Shah).of Kakheti[edit]TenureVali, khan, vassalNotes1476\u20131511Alexander INot known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). Was made a Safavid vassal by Ismail I (1501\u20131524).1518\/1520\u20131574Levan of KakhetiNot known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). Accepted Safavid overlordship both during the reign of Ismail I (1501\u20131524) as well as Tahmasp I (1524\u20131576).1574\u20131602Alexander II (1st tenure)Not known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). Repudiated his allegiance to then incumbent king Mohammad Khodabanda, and accepted the Ottoman suzerainty when the latter empire gained the upper hand in 1578.1602David INot known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). Usurped the throne from his father, Alexander II.1602\u20131605Alexander II (2nd tenure)Not known to be conferred with a title (e.g. vali, khan). De facto under Safavid overlordship. Murdered in 1605 during a Safavid-sponsored coup.1605Constantine KhanAppointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629). Raised in Isfahan. Held several other positions as well in the Safavid state. Killed in battle against Georgian rebels. Also known as Constantin(e) Mirza, Konstandil\/Kustandil Mirza, and Constantine I.1605\u20131614Tahmuras Khan (1st tenure)Appointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629). Raised in Isfahan. Known for his resistance against the Safavid domination. Also known as Teimuraz I.1614\u20131615Direct Safavid ruleTenure of Isa Khan. Appointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629). Raised in Isfahan. Killed during an uprising. Also known as Iese or Jesse.1615Direct Safavid ruleTenure of  Bektash of Kakheti. Appointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629). Killed during an uprising.1616\u20131625Direct Safavid ruleIncluding tenure of Paykar Khan Igirmi Durt. Appointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629).1625\u20131633Tahmuras Khan (2nd tenure)Re-appointed by Abbas I (1588\u20131629).1633Direct Safavid ruleTahmuras Khan deposed by Rostam of Kartli and Rostam Khan the sepahsalar.1634\u20131648Tahmuras Khan (3rd tenure)Re-appointed by Safi (1629\u20131642). Deposed by his overlords in 1648. Died in prison in Astarabad.1648\u20131664Direct Safavid ruleSaw the Bakhtrioni Uprising in 1659.1664\u20131675Shah-Nazar KhanAppointed by Abbas II (1642\u20131666). Also known as Archil.1675\u20131703Direct Safavid ruleIncluding tenures of Abbas Qoli-Khan and Qalb-\u02bfAl\u012b Khan.1703\u20131709Nazar Ali KhanAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Due to him being kept at Isfahan, where he also served as commander of the king’s personal guard, the actual administration in Kakheti was headed by his son Emamqoli Khan. He died in Isfahan, and was also known as Irakli I, Heraclius I, or Eregli Khan.1709\u20131722Emamqoli KhanAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Born and raised in Isfahan. In 1709\u20131715, due to Emamqoli Khan’s absence being at the court in Isfahan, his younger brother Teimuraz II and the latter’s mother took care of the administration. He was buried in Qom. Also known as Davit II, or David II.1722\u20131723Mahmad Qoli KhanAppointed by Sultan Husayn (1694\u20131722). Born and raised in Isfahan. Held numerous other positions in the Safavid state as well. Killed in 1732 by the Ottomans at the time of Nader Qoli Beg’s (Nader Shah) reestablishment of Safavid power in the region. Also known as Constantine II.1724\u20131735Ottoman ruleMahmad Qoli Khan rebelled for a long period of time, but by 1730, he was forced to recognize the Ottoman supremacy, and agreed to pay tribute.1735\u20131736Direct Safavid ruleSafavid hegemony restored by Nader-Qoli Beg (later known as Nader Shah).of (eastern) Samtskhe\u2013Meskheti[edit]TenureVali, khan, vassalNotes1551-1573Kaikhosro II JaqeliDue to persistent Ottoman encroachment, he was forced to settle at the Safavid court in 1570.?\u20131579Manuchehr ibn GrigoriThe main fort, Akhesqeh, and the surrounding lands were his hereditary grounds.1579\u20131622Ottoman ruleIt was during this period that Manuchar II Jaqeli fled to the Safavid court. His son, Manuchar III Jaqeli, was appointed as ruler of Samtskhe\u2013Meskheti by Abbas I in 1607.1623\u20131639Direct Safavid ruleTenures of Salim Khan Shams al-Dinlu, Shamshi Khan Qazaqlar (aka Shams al-Din Qazaqlar), Salim Khan Shams al-Dinlu Dhu’l-Qadr, and Emamqoli Beg.1639 onwardsOttoman ruleThe Ottomans were given the Safavid (i.e. “eastern”) part of Samtskhe\u2013Meskheti according to the Treaty of Zuhab. All of Samtskhe\u2013Meskheti remained thenceforth in Ottoman hands.^ Eastern Samtskhe was part of the Safavid Empire from 1551 to 1582, as well as for several years after 1613\u20131614.^ Before Abbas I’s r.\u00a0(1588\u20131629), governors of Georgia were usually referred to as hakem. Sometimes they were also styled as soltan (salatin).References[edit]Sources[edit]Floor, Willem (2001). Safavid Government Institutions. Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publishers. ISBN\u00a0978-1568591353.Floor, Willem M. (2008). Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri. Washington, D.C.: Mage Publishers. pp.\u00a01\u2013324. ISBN\u00a0978-1933823232.Rayfield, Donald (2012). Edge of Empires: A History of Georgia. Reaktion Books. ISBN\u00a0978-1780230702.     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki41\/list-of-rulers-of-safavid-georgia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"List of rulers of Safavid Georgia"}}]}]