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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.  (March 2020)The 56th Legislature of National Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the Federal Government of Brazil, composed by the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. It convened in Bras\u00edlia on 1 February 2019, a month after the beginning of Jair Bolsonaro’s only term as president, and ended on 31 January 2023.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In the 2018 elections, the Workers’ Party won the majority of the Chamber with 56 deputies.[1] The Brazilian Democratic Movement kept the majority in the Senate with 12 senators.[2][a]Table of ContentsMajor events[edit]Party summary[edit]Leadership[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Government Bloc Leadership[edit]Opposition Bloc Leadership[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Government Bloc Leadership[edit]Opposition Bloc Leadership[edit]Members[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Changes in membership[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Defections and suspensions[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]By-elections[edit]Committees[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Parliamentary Inquiry Committees[edit]References[edit]Major events[edit]1 February 2019: Rodrigo Maia elect president for a third term as leader of the Chamber.[3]2 February 2019: Davi Alcolumbre elect president for his first term as leader of the Senate.[4][5]4 February 2019: Joint session of the National Congress to officially inaugurate the 56th Legislature.[6]10 July 2019: The Chamber of Deputies approves PEC 6\/2019 (Social Security Reform).[7]25 September 2019: Public hearing of sub-prosecutor Augusto Aras for Prosecutor General of the Republic in the Constitution and Justice Committee of the Federal Senate. His appointment was approved by the floor of the Senate on the same day.[8][9]22 October 2019: Senate floor approves PEC 6\/2019 (Social Security Reform).[10]4 December 2019: Chamber floor approves a substitutive project for Minister of Justice and Public Security S\u00e9rgio Moro law project “anti-crime”.[11]3 February 2020: National Congress opens 2nd session of the 56th Legislature with a letter from President Bolsonaro read by Chief of Staff Onyx Lorenzoni.[12]18 March 2020: Chamber of Deputies approves the declaration of public calamity sent by president Jair Bolsonaro due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.[13]20 March 2020: Senate approves the declaration of public calamity in its first virtual session presided by senator Ant\u00f4nio Anastasia (PSDB-MG).[14]21 October 2020: Senate approves the appointment of Nunes Marques for the Supreme Federal Court.[15]1 February 2021: Election for the Director’s Board of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate, with Deputy Arthur Lira (PP-AL) elect leader of the lower house and Senator Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM-MG) elect leader of the upper house.[16][17]3 February 2021: National Congress opens 3rd session of the 56th Legislature with a letter from President Bolsonaro.[18]13 April 2021: Senate President Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM-MG) accepts a request of Senator Randolfe Rodrigues (REDE-AP) and other senators for the creation of an Inquiry Parliamentary Committee to investigate the acts of the federal government in the COVID-19 pandemic.[19]20 August 2021: The Senate receives an impeachment request against Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes filed by President Jair Bolsonaro.[20]24 August 2021: Public hearing of Augusto Aras for a second term as Prosecutor General of the Republic in the Constitution and Justice Committee of the Federal Senate. His appointment was approved by the floor of the Senate on the same day.[21][22]25 August 2021: Senate President Rodrigo Pacheco rejects and archive the impeachment request against Justice Alexandre de Moraes.[23]26 October 2021: COVID-19 CPI in the Senate conclude its works with the approval of the report in a voting of 7-4, recommending criminal charges against 2 companies and 78 individuals, including President Jair Bolsonaro.[24][25]1 December 2021: Senate approves the appointment of Andr\u00e9 Mendon\u00e7a for the Supreme Federal Court.[26]2 February 2022: National Congress opens 4th and last session of the 56th Legislature with speeches of President Bolsonaro, Chamber President Arthur Lira and Senate and Congress President Rodrigo Pacheco.[27]7 December 2022: The Senate approves PEC 32\/2022 (Transition Act), to guarantee extra R$ 145 billion (US$ 27.38 billion) for the 2023 budget plan as requested by the transition team of President-elect Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva.[28]8 January 2023: The Congress, the Planalto Palace and the Supreme Federal Court are stormed by former president Bolsonaro supporters. Justice Minister Fl\u00e1vio Dino reports at least 1,500 were arrested.[29][30][31]10 January 2023: The Congress approves the federal intervation in the Federal District.[32]Party summary[edit]    PartyChamber of DeputiesSenateVotes%Seats+\/\u2013Votes%ElectedTotal+\/\u2013Social Liberal Party11,457,87811.752+4419,413,86911.344+4Workers’ Party10,126,61110.356\u20131324,785,67014.546\u20136Brazilian Social Democracy Party5,905,5416.029\u20132520,310,55811.948\u20132Social Democratic Party5,749,0085.834\u201328,202,3424.847+4Progressistas5,480,0675.637\u201317,529,9014.456+1Brazilian Democratic Movement5,439,1675.534\u20133212,800,2907.5712\u20136Brazilian Socialist Party5,386,4005.532\u201328,234,1954.822\u20135Liberal Party5,224,5915.333\u201313,130,0821.812\u20132Republicanos4,992,0165.130+91,505,6070.911\u2013Democrats4,581,1624.729+89,218,6585.446+2Democratic Labour Party4,545,8464.628+97,737,9824.525\u20133Socialism and Liberty Party2,783,6692.810+55,273,8533.100\u20131New Party2,748,0792.88New3,467,7462.000\u2013Podemos2,243,3202.311+75,494,1253.215+5Republican Party of the Social Order2,042,6102.18\u201331,370,5130.811\u2013Brazilian Labour Party2,022,7192.110\u2013151,899,8381.123\u2013Solidariedade1,953,0672.013\u201324,001,9032.311\u2013Avante1,844,0481.97+5713,3790.400\u2013Social Christian Party1,765,2261.88\u201354,126,0682.411+1Green Party1,592,1731.64\u201341,226,3920.700\u20131Cidadania1,590,0841.68\u201322,954,8001.722+2Patriota1,432,3041.55+360,5890.000\u2013Humanist Party of Solidarity1,426,4441.56+14,228,9732.522+2Communist Party of Brazil1,329,5751.49\u201311,673,1901.000\u20131Progressive Republican Party851,3680.94+11,974,0611.211+1Sustainability Network816,7840.81New7,166,0034.255NewBrazilian Labour Renewal Party684,9760.70\u20131886,2670.500\u2013Party of National Mobilization634,1290.63\u2013329,9730.200\u2013Christian Labour Party601,8140.62\u2013222,9310.101+1Free Homeland Party385,1970.41+1504,2090.300\u2013Christian Democracy369,3860.41\u20131154,0680.100\u2013Party of Brazilian Women228,3020.20\u201351,0270.000\u2013Brazilian Communist Party61,3430.10\u2013256,6550.100\u2013United Socialist Workers Party41,3040.00\u2013413,9140.200\u2013Workers Cause Party2,7850.00\u201338,6910.000\u2013Invalid\/blank votes18,771,737\u2013\u2013\u201361,995,824\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013Total117,111,476100.05130117,111,478100.054810Registered voters\/turnout146,750,52979.8\u2013\u2013146,750,52979.8\u2013\u2013\u2013Source: Election ResourcesLeadership[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Government Bloc Leadership[edit]Opposition Bloc Leadership[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Government Bloc Leadership[edit]Opposition Bloc Leadership[edit]Members[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Changes in membership[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Defections and suspensions[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]By-elections[edit]Committees[edit]Federal Senate[edit]Chamber of Deputies[edit]Parliamentary Inquiry Committees[edit]^ As in Brazil the government is formed by a coalition, it is hard for a party to reach the majority of 257 deputies and\/or 41 senators. Therefore, the majority party is the one with more members in each house.^ In 2018, Miranda was elected a substitute for congressman Jean Wyllys, also a member of PSOL. Since Wyllys announced in January 2019 that he left the country due to death threats, Miranda took Wyllys’ place in the Chamber of Deputies.[34]^ The successor is always the first substitute available of the party’s coalition in the state. He may or may not be from the same party of the first holder.^ The successor is always the first substitute available of the party’s coalition in the state. He may or may not be from the same party of the first holder.^ Carlos F\u00e1varo placed 3rd in the 2018 Senate election, but served as Senator until the next special election.^ Dep. Jo\u00e3o Campos (PSB-PE) resigned from his term to take office as Mayor of Recife on 1 January 2021.[71]References[edit]^ Caesar, Gabriela (8 October 2018). “Saiba como eram e como ficaram as bancadas na C\u00e2mara dos Deputados, partido a partido” (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 9 January 2019.^ “Composi\u00e7\u00e3o do Senado salta de 15 para 21 partidos em 2019” (in Portuguese). Senado Not\u00edcias. 3 January 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.^ “Rodrigo Maia \u00e9 reeleito para a presid\u00eancia da C\u00e2mara dos Deputados” (in Portuguese). CBN. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.^ “Com confus\u00e3o, sess\u00e3o de elei\u00e7\u00e3o para presidente do Senado \u00e9 suspensa” (in Portuguese). Ga\u00fachaZH. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.^ a b c Garcia, Gustavo; Mazui, Guilherme; Netto, Jo\u00e3o Claudio (2 February 2019). “Ap\u00f3s desist\u00eancia de Renan e duas vota\u00e7\u00f5es, Davi Alcolumbre \u00e9 eleito presidente do Senado em 1\u00ba turno” (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 3 February 2019.^ “Congresso Nacional abre trabalhos de 2019 em 4 de fevereiro” (in Portuguese). Senado Not\u00edcias. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.^ Calgaro, Fernanda; Garcia, Gustavo; Amato, F\u00e1bio; Barbi\u00e9ri, Luiz Felipe; Vivas, Fernanda (10 July 2019). “C\u00e2mara aprova em primeiro turno por 379 votos a 131 o texto-base da reforma da Previd\u00eancia” (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 11 July 2019.^ Garcia, Gustavo; Resende, Sara (25 September 2019). “CCJ do Senado submete a sabatina Augusto Aras, indicado para procurador-geral de Rep\u00fablica” (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 25 September 2019.^ “Senado aprova indica\u00e7\u00e3o de Augusto Aras para a PGR” (in Portuguese). Senado Not\u00edcias. 25 September 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.^ Resende, Sara; Garcia, Gustavo (22 October 2019). “Previd\u00eancia: Senado aprova texto-base, mas adia conclus\u00e3o da vota\u00e7\u00e3o para esta quarta” (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 23 October 2019.^ Arbex, Thais; Brant, Danielle; Mattoso, Camila (4 December 2019). “C\u00e2mara aprova pacote anticrime sem principais bandeiras de Moro” (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 5 December 2019.^ “Sess\u00e3o solene do Congresso inaugura o ano legislativo” (in Portuguese). C\u00e2mara dos Deputados. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.^ Calgaro, Fernanda; Clavery, Elisa (18 March 2020). “Coronav\u00edrus: C\u00e2mara aprova decreto que reconhece estado de calamidade p\u00fablica” (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 19 March 2020.^ Baptista, Rodrigo (20 March 2020). “Em sess\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica, Senado aprova calamidade p\u00fablica contra covid-19” (in Portuguese). Ag\u00eancia Senado. Retrieved 20 March 2020.^ Said, Fl\u00e1via (21 October 2020). “Por 57 votos a 10, Senado aprova Kassio Nunes Marques para o STF”. Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). Retrieved 5 January 2021.^ “Definidos os hor\u00e1rios para a elei\u00e7\u00e3o da nova Mesa Diretora da C\u00e2mara”. C\u00e2mara dos Deputados (in Portuguese). 28 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.^ “Elei\u00e7\u00e3o da Mesa e abertura do ano legislativo acontecem segunda e quarta”. Senado Not\u00edcias (in Portuguese). 28 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.^ Azevedo, Alessandra (3 February 2021). “Congresso abre trabalhos legislativos de 2021 nesta quarta-feira”. Exame (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 February 2021.^ Amaral, Luciana (13 April 2021). “CPI da Covid no Senado investigar\u00e1 Uni\u00e3o e repasses a estados e munic\u00edpios”. UOL Not\u00edcias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 13 April 2021.^ Cruz, Valdo (20 August 2021). “Bolsonaro envia ao Senado pedido de impeachment do ministro do STF Alexandre de Moraes”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 21 August 2021.^ Lara, Rafaela; Ferrari, Murillo; Zucchi, Gustavi (24 August 2021). “Aras \u00e9 sabatinado na CCJ do Senado para recondu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 PGR; acompanhe”. CNN Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 24 August 2021.^ Garcia, Gustavo; Falc\u00e3o, M\u00e1rcio (24 August 2021). “Plen\u00e1rio do Senado aprova novo mandato de 2 anos para Augusto Aras como procurador-geral”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 25 August 2021.^ Nery, Natuza (25 August 2021). “Pacheco rejeita pedido de impeachment de Bolsonaro contra Alexandre de Moraes”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 25 August 2021.^ Pedroso, Rodrigo (27 October 2021). “Brazilian commission votes in favor of recommending criminal charges against Bolsonaro”. CNN. Retrieved 27 October 2021.^ Brito, Ricardo (26 October 2021). “Brazil Senate committee approves report calling Bolsonaro to be indicted”. Reuters. Retrieved 27 October 2021.^ Neves, Rafael (1 December 2021). “Quatro meses ap\u00f3s indica\u00e7\u00e3o, Senado aprova Mendon\u00e7a par vaga no STF”. UOL Not\u00edcias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2021.^ Mattos, Marcela; Felipe, Luiz; Garcia, Gustavo; Resende, Sara (2 February 2022). “Com presen\u00e7as de Bolsonaro e Fux, Congresso faz sess\u00e3o de abertura do ano legislativo”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 February 2022.^ “Sob intenso debate, PEC da Transi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 aprovada no Senado”. Senado Not\u00edcias (in Portuguese). 7 December 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2022.^ Charner, Flora; Reverdosa, Marcia; Pedroso, Rodrigo; Andone, Dakin; Elassar, Alaa; Chen, Heather (9 January 2023). “Bolsonaro supporters break into Brazilian Congress and presidential palace”. CNN. Retrieved 11 January 2023.^ Sullivan, Helen (9 January 2023). “Brazil congress attack: what we know so far”. The Guardian. Retrieved 11 January 2023.^ Costa, Mariana; Portela, J\u00falia (9 January 2023). “Com 1,5 mil extremistas presos, DF receber\u00e1 500 policiais de 10 estados para For\u00e7a Nacional”. Metr\u00f3poles (in Portuguese). Retrieved 11 January 2023.^ “Interven\u00e7\u00e3o federal na seguran\u00e7a p\u00fablica do DF vai a promulga\u00e7\u00e3o”. Senado Not\u00edcias (in Portuguese). 10 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.^ a b “Item 1: OBJ 1\/2019” (in Portuguese). C\u00e2mara dos Deputados. 1 February 2019. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.^ Maia, Gustavo (24 January 2019). ““Negro, gay e favelado”: quem \u00e9 o suplente de Jean Wyllys na C\u00e2mara”. UOL. Bras\u00edlia. Retrieved 6 February 2019.^ Kr\u00fcger, Ana (20 November 2018). “Senador eleito com mais votos em Sergipe troca Rede pelo PPS e aposta em fus\u00e3o dos partidos” (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Rellstab, Clara (16 January 2019). “Senador Fernando Collor anuncia filia\u00e7\u00e3o ao PROS” (in Portuguese). Metro1. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ “Carlos Siqueira abona ficha de filia\u00e7\u00e3o de Jorge Kajuru, senador eleito por Goi\u00e1s” (in Portuguese). Partido Socialista Brasileiro. 15 January 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ “Kajuru anuncia troca de partido: “Querem que eu seja inimigo de Bolsonaro”“ (in Portuguese). \u00daltimo Segundo. 9 August 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Siqueira, Andr\u00e9 (18 September 2019). “Ap\u00f3s consultar Datena, Jorge Kajuru anuncia ida ao Cidadania” (in Portuguese). Veja. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ a b Neves, Rafael (31 January 2019). “Sete senadores que ser\u00e3o empossados nesta sexta trocaram de partido” (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Henri, Guilherme (30 January 2019). “Senador Nelsinho Trad deixa o PTB e confirma filia\u00e7\u00e3o ao PSD” (in Portuguese). Campo Grande News. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ “PSD consolida posi\u00e7\u00e3o de segunda bancada no Senado” (in Portuguese). Partido Social Democr\u00e1tico. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.^ Greg\u00f3rio, Heitor (31 January 2019). “Zenaide se filia ao PROS” (in Portuguese). Tribuna do Norte. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ “Gir\u00e3o muda de partido em busca de maior protagonismo” (in Portuguese). O Povo. 4 February 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ “Styvenson est\u00e1 filiado ao Podemos” (in Portuguese). Tribuna do Norte. 5 February 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Barbosa, Rafael (5 February 2019). “Senador Lasier Martins (RS) deixa o PSD e filia-se ao Podemos” (in Portuguese). Poder360. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Waltenberg, Guilherme (14 August 2019). “Podemos anuncia filia\u00e7\u00e3o do senador Marcos do Val \u00e0 sigla” (in Portuguese). Metr\u00f3poles. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ “Reguffe entra para o Podemos, que vira segunda bancada no Senado” (in Portuguese). Senado Not\u00edcias. 18 September 2019.^ Maklouf Carvalho, Luiz (14 September 2019). “Vou sair do PSL. Na pr\u00f3xima 4\u00aa feira vou me filiar ao Podemos” (in Portuguese). Estad\u00e3o. Retrieved 17 October 2019.^ Sab\u00f3ia, Gabriel (12 November 2019). “Fl\u00e1vio Bolsonaro anuncia desfilia\u00e7\u00e3o do PSL” (in Portuguese). Uol. Retrieved 12 November 2019.^ “Flavio e Carlos Bolsonaro se filiam ao partido Republicanos” (in Portuguese). R7. 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.^ “Senado Antonio Anastasia assina ficha de filia\u00e7\u00e3o ao PSD” (in Portuguese). Partido Social Democr\u00e1tico. 12 February 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.^ Aidar, Bruna (3 March 2020). “Senador Vanderlan Cardoso deixa o PP e vai para o PSD”. Metr\u00f3poles (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 November 2020.^ Maia, Mateus (11 March 2020). “K\u00e1tia Abreu deixa PDT e vai para o Progressistas” (in Portuguese). Poder360. Retrieved 26 April 2020.^ Arns, Fl\u00e1via (31 August 2020). “Senador Fl\u00e1vio Arns deixa a Rede e refor\u00e7a bancada do Podemos”. Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 November 2020.^ Said, Fl\u00e1via (1 October 2020). “Senador Elmano F\u00e9rrer deixa o Podemos e vai para o PP”. Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 November 2020.^ Maia, Mateus (28 December 2020). “PL anuncia filia\u00e7\u00e3o do senador Carlos Portinho, que era do PSD”. Poder360 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 January 2021.^ a b Garcia, Gustavo (12 January 2021). “MDB anuncia candidatura de Simone Tebet \u00e0 presid\u00eancia do Senado”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 January 2021.^ “Rom\u00e1rio anuncia filia\u00e7\u00e3o ao PL: ‘Admiro a forma como o partido \u00e9 conduzido’“. UOL Not\u00edcias (in Portuguese). 8 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.^ “M\u00e1rcio Bittar deixa o MDB e deve comandar a fus\u00e3o de DEM e PSL no Acre”. Folha do Acre (in Portuguese). 24 September 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.^ Barbi\u00e9ri, Luiz Felipe (27 October 2021). “Presidente do Senado, Rodrigo Pacheco se filia ao PSD de Gilberto Kassab”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 27 October 2021.^ Felice, Raphael (27 October 2021). “\u00c9 oficial: Pacheco \u00e9 anunciado como candidato \u00e0 Presid\u00eancia pelo PSD”. Correio Braziliense (in Portuguese). Retrieved 27 October 2021.^ Ferraz, Ian (17 January 2019). “Bia Kicis anuncia a Bolsonaro ida ao PSL e pede presid\u00eancia da CCJ” (in Portuguese). Metr\u00f3poles. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ G\u00f3es, Bruno (17 July 2019). “PDT suspende atividades de Tabata Amaral e outros 7 deputados que votaram a favor da reforma” (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Portinari, Nat\u00e1lia (13 August 2019). “Alexandre Frota \u00e9 expulso do PSL ap\u00f3s cr\u00edticas a Bolsonaro” (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ Roxo, S\u00e9rgio (16 August 2019). “Alexandre Frota se filia ao PSDB: ‘PSL tem Queiroz’, diz sobre A\u00e9cio Neves” (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 16 October 2019.^ a b Barbosa, Marina (30 August 2019). “PSB expulsa um e suspende outros nove deputados que votaram a favor da Previd\u00eancia” (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 17 October 2019.^ Pereira, Lucas (12 September 2019). “Ciro Nogueira anuncia filia\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00c1tila Lira ao PP” (in Portuguese). Teresina Di\u00e1rio. Retrieved 17 October 2019.^ Pompeu, Lauriberto (17 October 2019). “Zambelli, Bibo e Al\u00ea est\u00e3o suspensos do PSL; expuls\u00e3o \u00e9 pr\u00f3ximo passo” (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 17 October 2019.^ Fernandes, Talita (21 October 2010). “Em nova reviravolta, Delegado Waldir decide entregar lideran\u00e7a do PSL” (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 21 October 2019.^ Alves, Pedro (1 January 2021). “Jo\u00e3o Campos toma posse como prefeito de Recife e promete fortalecer educa\u00e7\u00e3o p\u00fablica e combate \u00e0 Covid-19”. G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 January 2021.     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