List of United States Army tactical truck models
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
By 1915 the US Army was using trucks tactically, for World War I it began purchasing in large numbers. Early trucks were often designed for both military and commercial use, later military-specific designs were built. Since 1940 the US military has ordered over 3,000,000 tactical trucks. The US Marines have used both US Army and their own specific models, some are shown.
The “ton” (907 kg) weight ratings are the payload of a basic cargo version of the truck, not of the individual version.
The “wheel arrangement” designation is the number of wheels x the number of driven wheels. There are two wheels per axle, dual tires are counted as one wheel. Some series have both single and dual tire models.
“Total built” usually includes for US forces and any export orders.
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Jeffery/Nash Quad 2-ton 4×4
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Ordnance standard 3-ton 4×4
Name and type[1][2] | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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Dodge M19181⁄2-ton 4×2 | 1918 | 1,012 | Light repair truck for vehicles |
White1+1⁄2-ton 4×2 | 1917-1919 | Wide range of bodies | |
Jeffery/Nash Quad[a] 2-ton 4×4 |
1913-1928 | 11,500+ | Early models had 4-wheel steering |
Liberty truck 3-ton 4×2 |
1917-1918 | 9,452 | built by 15 different manufacturers |
FWD Model B[b] 3-ton 4×4 |
1912-1920+ | 16,000+ | Wide range of bodies |
Ordnance standard 3-ton 4×4 |
1918 | 150? |
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Marmon-Herrington 1⁄2-ton
(Model shown for Belgium) -
Dodge 1+1⁄4-ton 4×4
(1940 model)
Name and type[1] | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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Ford / M.-H.[c]1⁄2-ton 4×4 | 1939 | Prototypes only | Light repair truck |
Dodge1+1⁄2-ton 4×4 | 1939-1940 | Wide range of bodies | |
FWD 2-ton 4×4 |
1930 | 100+ | Cargo and tank models |
Indiana 16×42+1⁄2-ton 4×4 | 1934-1935 | Open and closed cabs |
In 1939-1940 the US Army Ordnance Corps was developing a complete line of tactical trucks that could operate off-road in all weather. In 1941 1⁄4, 1⁄2, 1+1⁄2, and 3-ton 4x4s and [[21⁄2-ton 6×6 truck|2+1⁄2]], 4, and 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6s were in production and several other types had been added. These trucks are named after their type followed by their manufacturer and model. Early use of “M” numbers relate to the body and not the truck itself. During WWII “M” numbers began to be used for new truck models. In 1945 all truck production ended.
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Chevrolet G-506 1+1⁄2-ton 4×4
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Autocar U88144T 5-6 ton 4×4
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Diamond T Model 981 12-ton 6×4
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Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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Willys MB[d]1⁄4-ton 4×4[3] | 1941-1945 | 639,000+ | Also built by Ford as GPW First “jeep” in the current meaning of the word |
Dodge WC1⁄2–3⁄4 ton 4×4[4] | 1941-1945 | 255,000+ | 10+ bodies |
Chevrolet G5061+1⁄2-ton 4×4[5] | 1940-1945 | 168,603 | 15 bodies |
GMC CCKW[e]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6[6] | 1941-1945 | 562,750 | 12+ bodies “Deuce and a Half”, “Jimmy”. |
GMC DUKW[e]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6[7] | 1942-1945 | 21,147 | Amphibious version of CCKW “Duck” |
Studebaker US6[f]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6[8] | 1941-1945 | 219,882 | 8 bodies |
Diamond T 968 4-ton 6×6[9] |
1940-1945 | 30,000 | Cargo, dump, wrecker and specialty bodies |
Autocar U8144T 5-6 ton 4×4 |
1941-1945 | 2,711 | Semi-tractor for pontoon bridges |
Mack NJU 5-6 ton 4×4 |
1941-1942 | 692 | Semi-tractor for pontoon bridges |
Brockway B666[g] 6-ton 6×6[10] |
1941-1945 | 219,882 | Bridge, crane, cargo fire, van and others by 5 manufacturers |
Mack NM 6-ton 6×6 |
1940-1944 | 8,400+ | Prime mover cargo truck |
Mack NO7+1⁄2-ton 6×6 | 1943-1945 | 2,050 | Prime mover cargo truck |
M1 Wrecker 10-ton 6×6[11] |
1941-1945 | 5,765 | Standard heavy wrecker during WWII Built by Ward LaFrance and Kenworth. |
Diamond T 980 12-ton 6×4[12] |
1941-1945 | 6,554 | Tractor for M19 Tank Transporter |
Pacific M26 12-ton 6×6[13] |
1943-1945 | 1,372 | Semi-tractor for M25 Tank Transporter “Dragon Wagon” |
In 1950 the next generation of tactical trucks were being developed. Sizes were rationalized, with 1⁄4 and 3⁄4-ton 4x4s and 2+1⁄2, 5, and 10-ton 6x6s. Trucks were military standard designs, 6×6 trucks used common cabs and similar fender and hood styles.
Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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M4221⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1959-1962 | 3,992 | USMC lightweight utility truck “Mighty Mite” |
M38A1[15]1⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1952-1971 | Light utility truck “Jeep” |
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M274[16]1⁄2-ton 4×4 | 1959 | USMC Platform utility truck “Mule” |
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M37 Series[17]3⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1951-1968 | 136,220 | 10 bodies “Power Wagon” |
M35 Series[18]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6 | 1950-1988 | 173,700[h] | 8+ bodies by 6 manufactures |
M54 Series[19] 5-ton 6×6 |
1951-1965 | 156,900[i] | Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others. |
M123/M125[20] 10-ton 6×6 |
1955-1969 | 4,132 | semi-tractor for tank transporter prime mover cargo truck |
Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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M151[21]1⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1960-1988 | 103,700[j] | 1⁄4-ton utility jeep |
M715 series1+1⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1967-1969 | 30,553 | Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies (Modified Jeep J-series truck) |
M5611+1⁄4-ton 6×6 | 1968 | 14,274 | Cargo and ambulance bodies “Gamma Goat” |
M656 Series 5-ton 8×8 |
1968-1969 | 3 bodies for Pershing Missile System |
Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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M880 series[22]1+1⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1975-1976 | 44,027 | Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies (Modified Dodge W-series trucks) |
M809 series[23] 5-ton 6×6 |
1970-1982 | 38,800 | Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others |
M520 8-ton 4×4 |
1972[k]-1976 | 1300[l] | Cargo, tank and wrecker bodies Fully amphibious – “Goer” |
M915 series[24] 14-ton[m] 6×4[n] |
1978-1982 | 9,505 | Tractor, dump, tank, mixer AM General/CCC models |
M911 C-MET[o] Heavy 8×6 |
1977 | Semi-tractor for tank transporter (Modified Oshkosh F2365 truck) |
In the 1980s truck series began to be named from the initials of the truck type and are widely known by these names.
Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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CUCV[25][p] M10081+1⁄4-ton 4×4 | 1983-1986 | 70,889 | Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies (Modified Chevrolet K-series trucks) |
HMMWV[q] M998[26]1+1⁄2-ton 4×4 | 1983–present | Utility, ambulance, shelter-carrier | |
M939 Series[27] 5-ton 6×6 |
1982-1987 | 44,590[r] | Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, van, wrecker, and others |
HEMTT[s] M977[28] 10-ton 8×8 |
1982–present | 962 | Cargo, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker |
Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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LMTV[t] M1078[29]2+1⁄2-ton 4×4 | 1991–present | Cargo, van, and chassis for specialty bodies | |
MTV[u] M1083[30] 5-ton 6×6 |
2005–present | Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker, and others | |
M915A2 series[31] 15-ton[v] 6×4[w] |
1990–present | Tractor, dump Freightliner models |
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HET[x] M1070 Heavy 8×8 |
1993–present | 2,033 | Semi-tractor for tank transporter Designed and built by Oshkosh |
Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
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7000MV[y] HD 6×6 |
2005- | 9,500+ | For export (modified International WorkStar) |
MTVR[z] 7-ton 6×6 |
1999 | Cargo, dump, wrecker Used only by USMC |
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LVSR[aa] Heavy 10×10 |
2009 | 1,500+ | Cargo, tractor, wrecker Used only by USMC |
See also[edit]
- ^ Also built by Hudson, National, and Paige-Detroit
- ^ Also built by Mitchel, Kissel, and Preimer.
- ^ Modified with driven front axle by Marmon-Herrington.
- ^ Also built as Ford GPW
- ^ a b Also built by Chevrolet
- ^ Also built by REO.
- ^ Also built by Corbitt (designer), FWD, Ward LaFrance, and White
- ^ Includes all built by 10 manufacturers.
- ^ Includes International Harvester, Diamond T, Kaiser Jeep, and Mack built.
- ^ Includes Ford and Willys/Kaiser Jeep/AM General built.
- ^ Pre-production models tested
in Germany and Vietnam from 1962 - ^ Does not include pre-production vehicles.
- ^ Up to 20-ton.
- ^ Also 6×6 and 8×6
- ^ Commercial Heavy Equipment Transporter
- ^ Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle
- ^ High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle
- ^ Includes AM General and Bowen-McLaughlin-York built.
- ^ Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck
- ^ Light Medium Tactical Vehicle
- ^ Medium Tactical Vehicle
- ^ Also 18+1⁄2 and 20-ton
- ^ Also 6×6
- ^ Heavy Equipment Transporter
- ^ Navistar F7400 SFA 6×6
- ^ Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement
- ^ Logistic Vehicle System Replacement
References[edit]
- ^ a b Crismon (2001)
- ^ Handbook of Ordnance Data (PDF). US War Dept. 1919. Retrieved 18 Mar 2020.
- ^ TM 9-803 1/4-ton 4×4 Truck (Willys-Overland Model MB and Ford Model GPW) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-808 3/4-ton 4×4 Truck (Dodge) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-805 1 1/2 ton 4×4 Truck (Chevrolet) (PDF). US War Dept. 1943. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-801 2 1/2-ton 6×6 GMC CCKW (PDF). US War Dept. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-802 2 1/2 ton Amphibian Truck, 6×6, GMC DUKW-353 (PDF). US War Dept. 1943. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-807 2 1/2-ton 6×6 Truck and 2 1/2 to 5-ton 6×4 truck (PDF). US War Dept. 1943. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-811 4-ton, 6×6 Trucks (Diamond T Models 968A (and others)) (PDF). US War Dept. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-813 6-ton 6×6 Truck (White, Corbit, and Brockway) (PDF). US War Dept. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-796 Heavy Wrecking Truck M1A1 (Kenworth Model 573, Ward LaFrance Series 5) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1953. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-768 45-ton Tank Transporter Truck-trailer M19 (PDF). US Dept. Of the Army. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-767 40 ton Tank Transporter Truck-trailer M25 (PDF). US War Dept. 1942. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-804A 1/4-ton 4×4 Utility Truck M38A1 (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1952. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-213-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Platform Utility: 1/2-ton 4×4 M274 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1963. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-212-10 Operator’s Manual Truck, Cargo, 3/4-ton 4×4 M37(Series) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1973. Retrieved 30 Aug 2015.
- ^ TM 9-2320-209-10-1 Operation, Installation, and Reference Data Operator Level 2 1/2-ton, 6×6, M44A1 and M44A2 Series Trucks (Multifuel) (PDF).
- ^ TM 9-2320-211-10 Operators Manual for Truck 5 ton, 6X6, M39 series (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1977. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-206-10 Operator’s Manual Truck, Tractor: 10-ton, 6X6, M123 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. Of the Army. 1977. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-218-10 Operators Manual for Truck, Utility: 1/4 ton, 4×4, M151 (and others) (PDF). US Department of the Army. 1968.
- ^ TM 9-2320-266-34 Direct and General Support Maintenance Manual Truck, Cargo: 1 1/4-ton 4×4 M880 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1976. Retrieved 16 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-260-10 Operator’s Manual Truck 5 ton, 6×6, M809 series (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2003. Retrieved 16 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-283-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Tractor, Line Haul: 50,000 GVWR, 6×4, M915A1 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2006. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-289-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Cargo, Tactical, 1 1/4-ton, 4×4, M1008 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1992. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-280-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Utility: Cargo/Troop Carrier, 1 1/4-ton, 4×4, M998 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2004. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-272-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, 5-ton,6×6, M939 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2004. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-279-10-1 Operator’s Manual M977 series8x8 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Trucks (HEMTT) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1998. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-365-10 Operator’s Instruction Manual M1078 series 2 1/2-ton, 4×4, Light Medium Tactical Vehicles (LMTV) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2005. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-36-10 Operator’s Instruction Manual M1083 Series 5-ton , 6×6, Medium Tactical Vehicles (LMTV) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2005. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
- ^ TM 9-2320-302-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Tractor, Line Haul: 52,000 GVWR, 6×4, M915A3 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2010. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
Further reading[edit]
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