Spaceflight veterans Mason and Carter make first human Moon landing near lunar north pole, using direct ascent mission mode and spaceplane fifth stage. Launch and landing on Pacific atoll.[1]
Abner Evans, Lt. Cmdr. Marco Garcia Johnny Ingraham
“A Man for the Moon” (1960), short story
United States Navy Screaming Mimi
Near Future
Candidates for first Moon flight.[2][3]
William Blood
Leo Two other astronauts
Man in the Moon (1960), film
United Kingdom: National Atomic Research Studies [?] and Technological Development (NARSTI)
Near Future
British astronaut Blood makes failed Moon flight.[4][5]
Richmond D. “Rich” Talbot, Capt. (USAF)
Starfire (1960), novel
Moon Pilot (1962), film
United States Air Force Project Starfire
May 22–29, 1960 (novel)
Contemporary (film)
First American human lunar orbit mission.[6][7][8][9][10][11]
Unnamed female cosmonaut
“Hate” (a.k.a. “At the End of Orbit”) (1961), short story
Unknown
Contemporary/Near Future
First human to orbit Moon crashes in Pacific Ocean near Thursday Island; dies when Hungarian refugee pearl diver prevents her from being rescued before her air runs out.[12]
Paul Davenport, Capt. (United States)
“Control Somnambule” (1962), short story
Apollo
Near Future
Astronaut sent on a solo round-the-Moon mission who is subjected to a mysterious temporal discontinuity, subsequently revealed to have been caused by aliens.[a][13][14]
Apollo: Joseph Faulk, Lt. Col. (USMC) (CDR) Lester “Les” Mallon, Lt. Cmdr. (USN) (CMP) Max Kovac, Maj. (USAF) (LMP)
CAPCOMs: Whitey Burke Gary “Dad” Myers Johnny Waco
Apollo at Go (1963), novel
Apollo
July 1969
Crew of first Apollo moon mission, launched on July 5, 1969; landing in Ocean of Storms. Faulk is a veteran of five previous Apollo missions, including an aborted solo suborbital flight.[15]
Martin
X-20: Mel Lockhart, Capt.
The Crawling Hand (a.k.a. Tomorrow You Die) (1963), film
United States: X-20
November 1963
While returning from second human Moon mission, astronaut Lockhart asks for his spacecraft to be destroyed, but returns to Earth as animate severed arm.[16][17]
Danton “Dan” Coye, Col. (USAF) (CDR/CMP) Giovanni “Gino” Lombardi, Maj. (USAF) Eddie Glazer
“Down to Earth” (1963), short story
First American Earth-Moon Expedition: Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
September 1971
Crew of first Moon landing mission shifts into alternate reality while in lunar orbit.[18]
Ivan Kragoff (USSR)
Marvel Comics (1963– )
Unnamed spacecraft
Contemporary
Kragoff makes first human flight to Moon, deliberately exposing himself to cosmic rays in order to gain superpowers and becoming the Red Ghost.[19][20]
Grand Fenwick: Alfred Kokintz, Prof. Vincent Mountjoy
United States: Two unnamed astronauts
Soviet Union: Two unnamed cosmonauts
The Mouse on the Moon (1963), film
Grand Fenwick
United States
Soviet Union
Contemporary (Summer)
Tiny Duchy of Grand Fenwick reaches Moon with American financial assistance and leftover Russian Vostok rocket. Launch from Grand Fenwick on August 11; American and Russian launches in late August; Moon landings by all three countries on September 1.[21][22]
Francis Spender, Col.
“A Question of Re-Entry” (1963), short story
United Nations Space Department Goliath 7
Early 1970s
First man to land on the Moon is eaten by cannibals after crash landing in Brazilian jungle.[23][24][25]
Kanashima, Dr. (no personal name given)
Le jardin de Kanashima (a.k.a. Garden on the Moon) (1964), novel
Japan
October 3, 1942 – October 1970
Physicist Kanashima makes one-way flight to become first man on Moon. Landing at west edge of Sea of Serenity.[26]
Apollo 3: Charles “Chiz” Stewart, Jr., Col. (USAF) (CDR) (unnamed in novel) Rick Lincoln, Lt. (USN) (Navigator) Lee Stegler (Co-Pilot) (named Steven James Lawrence in novel)
Pilgrim One: Lee Stegler/Steve Lawrence
Vostok/Voskhod: Alexis Plekhanov
Vostok/Voskhod: 3 unnamed cosmonauts (1 unnamed cosmonaut in novel)
The Pilgrim Project (1964), novel
Countdown (a.k.a. Moonshot) (1968), film
NASA: Apollo 3 (simulation in film) Gemini (Pilgrim One) (Mercury in novel)
Soviet Union: 2 Voskhods (2 Vostoks in novel)
Near Future
NASA astronaut using modified Gemini craft (Mercury in novel) to beat the Russians to the Moon. Landing near Surveyor 6 in Oceanus Procellarum.[27][28][29][30]
Roberts, Col. Simms, Maj.
Doctor Who “Moon Landing” (1965), comic strip
Unknown (rocket marked “MS”)
July 1970
First men on the Moon. Country of origin not specified. Mission launches on July 20, 1970.
O. K. Deadhead, Sgt.
Sergeant Dead Head (a.k.a. Sergeant Deadhead, Sergeant Deadhead the Astronut!) (1965), film
United States Air Force (964th Aero-Space Division) Project Moon Monkey: Hercules 3
c. 1968
Deadhead accidentally stows away aboard spacecraft carrying chimpanzee around the Moon. A planned sequel, Sergeant Deadhead Goes to Mars, was never made.[31][32]
Gavin Lewis, Sgt. Clifford Banks, Maj. Howell, Lt. Col. (no first name given)
Apollo: Tony LaCava, Lt. Col. (CDR) Martin Daniels, Lt. Col. (USMC) (CMP) Hardy Smith, Cmdr. (USN) (LMP)
The Invaders Moonshot (1967), TV
F.S.A.: Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
Contemporary/Near Future
After Banks and Howell are killed by mysterious red fog, they are replaced on Moon landing mission by their backups, one of whom is an alien imposter. Lewis was one of the first astronauts, but washed out of Moon program due to fluctuating blood pressure.[33]
NASA: Frank Lewis, Dr. (Physiologist) (UK) Stern (Pilot-Astronaut) (no first name given) Roy Villiers, Capt. (Pilot-Astronaut)
Apollo: Bill Sanders (CDR) Thomas (Co-Pilot) (no first name given) Unnamed astronaut
Apollo?: Karl Simmonds (Command Pilot) Bob Mitchell (Co-Pilot) Mike Gransome, Maj. (USAF) (Third Pilot) Zenno Fillipini, Dr. (Italy) (Scientific Observer)
Ulysses: Don Hart (Command Pilot) Roger Cope (Co-Pilot) Joseph (Pilot) (no first name given) Jean Romain, Prof. (France) (Scientific Observer)
Kings of Infinite Space (1967), novel
NASA: Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM Unnamed CSM/LM
Project Ulysses
Autumn 1969 – c. 1970
New group of NASA astronauts selected in 1969 combines pilots and scientists and includes international component. Sanders commands lunar mission aborted when Thomas falls ill in flight. Spaceflight veterans Simmonds and Hart join new astronauts on missions using “Saturn VI” rocket (Saturn V with booster rockets added): four-man lunar mission with expanded spacecraft and Project Ulysses deep-space mission.[34]
Mikhail Andreievich Karkhov
“Moondust, the Smell of Hay, and Dialectical Materialism” (1967), short story
Soviet Union
Contemporary (Winter)
First cosmonaut on Moon awaits death after malfunction. Landing in Ptolemaeus crater.[35]
Daddy (unnamed)
My Daddy the Astronaut (1967), short film
United States
Contemporary/Near Future
Former jet pilot lands on Moon, then breaks both legs falling off carousel horse.[36]
Tsiolkovskii A: Lev Alexandrovich Barkagan, Col. (Commandant) Pyotr Sachuk (Subcommandant) Sergei Vinogradov (Commandant’s aide) Georgi Zolotarev, Capt. Igor K. Yefremov, Capt. Nikolai “Niki” Urazova, Lt. (Quartermaster) 22 unnamed cosmonauts
Tsiolkovskii B: Nikolai Dorodnitsyn, Lt. Col. Dmitri Alexandrov, Maj. Up to six technicians (rotating)
Sedov Base: Mikhail Grek, Lt. Col. (Commander) Three unnamed cosmonauts
Lenin Base: Pavel K. Shtapova, Lt. Col. (Commandant) Yuri S. Kalganova, Capt. (Subcommandant) Leonid Protsenko, Capt. (Specialist) Alexis Tvardovskii, Capt. (Specialist)
NASA: Norm Cramer Vic Agronte Syd Franklin Clint Goodman
Apollo Earth orbital flight: Rance Allenby, Col. (USAF) (CDR) Gene Stanley (USN) Joe Kawolski (US Army) (Engineer)
Earth orbital flight: Bill Robinson John England Chris Wheatley (Geophysical scientist)
Aborted circumlunar flight: Neil Carter William R. Quartermain Kevin Wilson
Earth orbital flight: Unnamed astronauts
Circumlunar flight: Three unnamed astronauts
Moon landing: Rance Allenby (CDR) Gene Stanley, Cmdr. (USN) (CMP) Leigh “The Brain” Raymond (LMP/Scientist)
Bart Rogers (CapCom)[b]
United Nations Apollo 026: John England (CDR) Bill Quartermain (CMP) Stephen E. Johnson (LMP/Scientist)
Air Force-NASA Moon landing: Rance Allenby (CDR) Joe Kawolski (CMP) Gene Stanley, Capt. (USAF)[c] (LMP)
Circumlunar flight: Two unnamed astronauts
Lunar farside landing: Three unnamed astronauts
Moon landing: Richard Fuller Gary Garret Unnamed CMP
Showboat I: Chuck Hewitt (CDR) Bill Quartermain
Showboat II: Matt Jorgensen (CDR) Harold Monroe Kevin Wilson Brian Joslyn (CMP)
Lance/Goddard Lunar Base: Rance Allenby (CDR) Gene Stanley Joe Kawolski Dick Spencer (US Army) (Engineer) Chris Wheatley Ed Meyers (Systems) Gordon Baxter (Logistics) Jim “Paradox” Blessing (Medical technician/Armaments specialist)
Circumlunar flight: Two unnamed astronauts
China: Approx. 48 unnamed astronauts
No Man’s World (1967), novel
USSR Space Command: Tsiolkovskii A Base Tsiolkovskii B Base Sedov Base Lenin Base
NASA Apollo: Two Earth orbital flights Aborted circumlunar flight Earth orbital flight Circumlunar flight Moon landing (CSM/LM)
United Nations: Apollo 026 (CSM/LM)
United States Air Force-NASA: Moon landing (CSM/LM) Circumlunar flight (CSM) Lunar farside landing (CSM/LM) Moon landing (CSM/LM)
Operation Showboat: Showboat I (Modified Apollo CSM) Showboat II (CSM/Three-man LM)
Lance Goddard Lunar Base
Circumlunar flight (CSM/cargo lander)
People’s Republic of China: Unnamed spacecraft
c. 1968 – November 1972
Three years after Soviets reach Moon, American astronauts attempt to follow them. Barkagan was the first man on the Moon, landing on August 22, 1968. Tsiolkovskii A Base located near southwest edge of Ptolemaeus crater, near 11°S4°W / 11°S 4°W / -11; -4; Tsiolkovskii B south of Tsiolkovskii A in Alphonsus; Sedov Base north of Tsiolkovskii A, at 28°N3°W / 28°N 3°W / 28; -3; Lenin Base near southwest edge of Sinus Iridum. Allenby, Stanley and Kawolski fly first Earth-orbital Apollo/Saturn V mission. Carter, Quartermain and Wilson’s Saturn V explodes after liftoff; crew saved by escape tower. First American Moon landing at 14°40′S8°30′W / 14.667°S 8.500°W / -14.667; -8.500, north of Lassell crater. UN Moon landing in center of Davy Y. Allenby’s second landing in Gassendi crater. Fuller and Garret land in southern Mare Humorum, north of Doppelmayer crater. Showboat II establishes decoy LeMay Base at 6°S17°W / 6°S 17°W / -6; -17, west of Fra Mauro E. Goddard Base established on southeast flank of central peak of Alphonsus; Goddard Base crew fly Lance spacecraft launched by Titan IIIE to reach lunar ferry with two lunar landers in Earth orbit. Twelve Chinese astronauts land in Sinus Aestuum, near Eratosthenes. Goodman is a former X-15 pilot.[37]
Roy Fleming Fred Gifford, Maj.
The Reluctant Astronaut (1967), film
Apollo
Contemporary
Russia plans on sending a dentist into space, to show the safety of their space program. NASA launches Fleming, Cape Canaveral’s newest janitor, upstaging Russian launch.[38][39][40]
McIntyre (no first name given)
Epsilon: Michael Stevens Harder, Col. (USAF) (Station Commander) Page Alison, Dr. (US) (Life Sciences) Henri Guy-Michel, Col. (Dr.) (French Air Force) (Communications and Navigation Program Director) William Jordan (USAF) (First Engineer) Werner Koelbe, Dr. (born Hans Bayerlein) (West Germany) (Physician/Medical research) Luke Parsons (USMC) (Engineer) Timothy Pollard, Dr. (Professor of Astronomical Sciences) (UK) June Strond, Ph.D. (Norway) (Geophysics and Earth Sciences Expert)
StatCom: Atkins (no first name given)[d] Stubby Dolan
Bandit One: Jack Dexter (Command Pilot) Ken Sanborne, Dr. (Physician) Hal Gunner, Dr. (Physician)
Four Came Back (1968), novel
Space Station Epsilon
Bandit One (lifting body) (launched by Titan IIIC)
September 1972
International space station crew ravaged by mysterious illness. Epsilon consists of two Saturn II tanks and one S-IVB tank, linked by cables and rotating to provide artificial gravity. Jordan and Parsons previously flew together on a 16-day orbital Apollo mission in 1969; Pollard flew on an Earth-orbital Apollo Applications Program mission in late 1970, becoming the first British astronaut in space. McIntyre suffered from a skin reaction during an earlier Apollo mission.[41]
AS-906 first reserve team/Phoenix One crew: Gordon “Gord” Nash (Flight Commander) Bill Ransom Unnamed astronaut
Second reserve team: Glenn Eglund, Col. (CDR) Roger Caine, Cmdr. John Corbinet
Nick Carter-Killmaster Operation Moon Rocket (1968), novel
Apollo AS-906 (Unnamed CSM/LM)
Phoenix One (Apollo)
1968 (from May 16)
AS-906 crew is killed in spacecraft fire caused by sabotage; NASA hastily launches Phoenix One as follow-up. Liscombe is a Mercury and Gemini veteran; Green and Nash are Gemini veterans.[42]
Larry Hank George (no last names given)
A Trip in Space (1968), picture book
Apollo
Contemporary
Astronauts on typical Apollo Earth-orbital mission.[43][44]
Walter Emmons (CDR) Ed MacKenzie (CMP) Michael Carter (LMP)
The Bold Ones: The New Doctors One Small Step for Man (1969), TV
Apollo Unnamed (CSM)/Retriever (LM)
Contemporary
Apollo crew experiences medical emergency prior to lunar landing. Carter is first Black astronaut on Moon mission.
Major Tom
David Bowie’s songs (1969–2015) and various other songs
Unknown
Contemporary
Astronaut sent on a mission “one hundred thousand miles” away from the Earth, as chronicled in “Space Oddity” (1969), and who loses contact with “Ground Control” while in lunar orbit. References to him are made in “Ashes to Ashes” (1980) and the remixed version of “Hallo Spaceboy” as well as, possibly, the music videos of “Slow Burn” (1995) and Bowie’s last song, “Blackstar” (2015), which might imply that Major Tom did not survive his mission.[45]
Kenneth McGeorge, Maj.
The Hardy Boys The Arctic Patrol Mystery (1969), novel
Apollo
Contemporary
Astronaut kidnapped in Iceland while training for Moon mission.[46]
Ironman One (Apollo Applications Program) Voskhod X-RV lifting body
Near Future
NASA astronauts trapped in a defective capsule; a Russian cosmonaut attempts aid.[47][48][49][50]
Unnamed astronaut
Squaps, the Moonling (1969), picture book
Unknown
Contemporary/Near Future
An astronaut takes a Moon creature home to meet his children.[51]
Andria Vishinkin, Maj. (Soviet Air Force)
Stalin, Tommy Tucker and God (1969), novel
Soyuz
1973
This is not specifically a space-related novel, but a central character is Major Vishinkin, a cosmonaut in her mid-twenties, who is repeatedly described as the ‘most famous woman in Russia’. In the plot, she has just returned to Moscow from a solo space mission. The novel is openly set in 1973, so this appears to be a Soyuz.[52]
Robert Ruggles “Rug” McCargo, Cmdr. (USN) Gildy, Capt. (CMP) Parmenter, Cmdr. (no first names given for last two)
The Apollo Legacy (1970), novel
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
The American-European-Soviet Outerspace Program (AESOP)
Contemporary/Near Future (July)
NASA astronauts who traveled to Moon with monkey. All three astronauts landed on Moon; Parmenter remained inside LM. Landing at edge of Copernicus. Gildy is the first Black astronaut.[53]
Anna Christie Roger Allen, Capt. (CDR) Joseph Busby, Col. (CMP) William Davis, Lt. Col. (LMP)
The Falling Astronauts (1971), novel
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM Anna Christie (CSM)/Unnamed (LM)
Alternate late 1970s?
When the Command Module Pilot (CMP) of a lunar mission carrying nuclear seismic charges goes berserk, only the mission’s information officer, a former CMP himself, stands between Earth and catastrophe. Davis is the first sociologist sent on a lunar mission.[58][59]
Dick Matthews, Col. (CDR) Jim Dunlap, Maj. (CMP) Frank Perry, Capt. (LMP)
Here’s Lucy “Lucy and the Astronauts” (1971), TV
Apollo
Contemporary
Astronauts returning from Moon are quarantined with Lucy Carter.[60][61]
Hannson (CDR) (no first name given) Two unnamed astronauts
Mutant 59: The Plastic Eater (1971), novel
Apollo 19
Contemporary
The crew of a returning lunar mission are killed on re-entry because the Command Module systems have been contaminated with a plastic-eating virus.[62]
Poul Anderson
Alpha Alpha Der Astronaut (1972), TV
NASA
Contemporary
Astronaut disappears after reentry.[63]
Dick Whitfield, Col.
The Brady Bunch “My Fair Opponent” (1972), TV
Apollo?
Contemporary
Astronaut scheduled for Moon mission is guest of honor at Marcia Brady’s junior high school senior banquet night.
Shuckworth Shanks Showler (no first names given)
Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator (1972), novel
Commuter Capsule
1972
Astronauts ferry hotel staff aboard Commuter Capsule to Space Hotel “U.S.A.”, where they are attacked by Vermicious Knids.[64]
Steve Austin, Col. (USAF) Kelly Wood, Maj. Josh Lang David Tate Leah Russell, Dr.
Cyborg (1972), novel
The Six Million Dollar Man (1973–78), TV
Apollo 18
Contemporary
Novel by Martin Caidin and television series derived from it. Austin is a NASA astronaut injured in testing landing characteristics of lifting bodies in anticipation of the Space Shuttle program.[65] Other astronauts and cosmonauts appear in the TV series episodes Doomsday, and Counting; The Rescue of Athena One; Burning Bright; The Pioneers (1974); and The Deadly Countdown (1977).
Walter Monaghan
Revelations (1972), novel
Fifteenth Expedition
1970s
Twenty-ninth man on Moon attempts to reveal terrible secrets about space program on exploitative TV talk show.[66][67]
George Lattimer Bobby Gelman
Top of the Heap (1972), film
Apollo
Contemporary
Lattimer, an African-American police officer in Washington, D.C., fantasizes himself and his partner as astronauts on Moon mission.[68]
Unnamed US astronaut
The Exorcist (1973), film
Apollo
Contemporary
US astronaut whose death in space is foretold by Regan MacNeil. Connected by author William Peter Blatty to astronaut Billy Cutshaw in The Ninth Configuration.
Fergusson (CDR) Hennis Drake (first names not given)
The Medusa Touch (1973), novel; The Medusa Touch (1978), film
Achilles 6 (Apollo-like) Unnamed CSM/LM
Contemporary/Near Future
Moon mission is doomed by telekinetic John Morlar.[69][70]
Roland “Rick” Lawrence, Capt. (USN) (CDR) Benjamin Pelham (CMP) David Anderson, Col. (LMP)
Tom Estes (CAPCOM) Flip Crowell (CAPCOM)[e] Irving Sellers (backup)[f]
Stowaway to the Moon: The Camelot Odyssey (1973), novel; Stowaway to the Moon (1975), TV movie
Apollo Camelot (CSM)/Little Dipper (LM)
Contemporary
NASA astronauts on an Apollo mission to the Altai Highlands who discover a child in the command module.[71]
Michael Kamp, Capt.
Dhalgren (1974), novel
Apollo
Contemporary?
Apollo astronaut who visits the city of Bellona.[72]
William Driscoll David Kneller Leonard Wenger (CMP) Harold Hansar (LMP)
The Last Canadian (a.k.a. Death Wind, The Last American) (1974), novel
Apollo 23 (“John”) (CSM/Lunar Exploration Module) Moonlab I Moonlab II
Near Future
Astronauts left without guidance from Houston after plague wipes out human life in United States.[73]
Melville (no first name given)
“My Dream of Flying to Wake Island” (1974), short story
Unknown (Three-man spacecraft)
Contemporary/Near Future
Astronaut recovering from “mental breakdown in space.”[74][75]
John Christie “Chris” Andrews, Lt. Col. (USAF) (CDR) Harrison “Hank” Baker (CMP) Jim Cooper (LMP)
“The Eve of the Last Apollo” (1976), short story
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
Summer 1975 (through July 18)
Five years after becoming first man on Moon, Andrews experiences midlife crisis concurrent with Apollo–Soyuz Test Project.[76]
Bob Grodin
Alternative 3 (1977), TV (hoax documentary)
Apollo
Contemporary
NASA astronaut who landed on the Moon and inadvertently stumbled upon a secret moonbase.[77][78]
Richard Royce, Cmdr. (USN) Stan Richmond (CMP)
Hawaii Five-O Shake Hands With The Man On The Moon (1977), TV
Apollo
Contemporary
Washed-up astronaut Royce gets involved with crooked real estate developer.[79]
US: Rick Delanty, Lt. Col. (USAF) John Baker, Col. (USAF) Evan (no last name given) Drew Wellen McAlliard (no first name given) USSR: Pieter Jakov, Brig Leonilla Alexandrovna Malik, M.D.
Lucifer’s Hammer (1977), novel
Space Station Spacelab 2
Apollo
Soyuz
Alternate 1970s
Joint US/Soviet crew studying the close approach to Earth of the comet Hamner-Brown from orbit. Evan was Command Module pilot on an Apollo mission. Baker flew on a mission similar to Skylab 2 and did a spacewalk. McAlliard was sick during a long-duration space mission, possibly Baker’s.[80][81]
Scott Rogers
The New Adventures of Batman The Moonman (1977), TV
Unknown
Contemporary
College friend of Bruce Wayne flew solo mission to the Moon.
Horace Jones, Col. (CDR) Joseph Pelham, Cmdr. (DMP) Sydney Loren, Dr. (MS)
Sargasso (1977), novel
Apollo 19
1977
NASA crew of Apollo 19, a joint mission with the Soviets and the last Apollo flight before advent of the Space Shuttle. They vanish from their spacecraft when it splashes down in the Bermuda Triangle.[82]
Arthur Eaton
Natural Enemies (1979), film
Apollo
Contemporary
Astronaut who wants to write magazine article about his experience on the Moon.[83]
Billy Cutshaw, Capt. (USMC)
The Ninth Configuration (a.k.a. Twinkle, Twinkle, Killer Kane) (1980), film
Apollo
Contemporary
United States astronaut who lost his sanity just before launching into space. Connected by author William Peter Blatty to astronaut character in The Exorcist.[84][85]
Nate Andy Boris (last names not given)
Superman II (1980), film
Artemis 2 (Apollo-like)
Contemporary
Fictional Society for International Space Exploration (SISE)-Soviet joint lunar mission. Crew killed by escaped Kyptonian criminals.[86][87][88]
Trippett, Capt. (USN) Slade (first names not given)
“News from the Sun” (1981), short story
NASA
Unknown
Trippett was the last man on the Moon; Slade was a trainee astronaut who washed out of the space program.[89][90]
Unnamed CDR Robert S. Massey (CMP) Unnamed LMP
The Red Dove (1982), novel
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM[g]
1972, flashback from 1983
US astronaut who has a mental breakdown while preparing for a press conference after returning from the Moon. Later used by the CIA to persuade a Soviet cosmonaut to defect along with his spacecraft.[91]
Garrett Breedlove
Terms of Endearment (1983), The Evening Star (1996), films
Apollo
Contemporary
Retired middle-aged astronaut played by Jack Nicholson.[92][93][94]
Thomas Jefferson Stamford, Col. (USAF) (CDR)
“The Object of the Attack” (1984), short story
Apollo 20
1974 / 1982–1988
Retired NASA astronaut, rumored to have commanded secret Apollo 20 mission to place nuclear missile station in Mare Imbrium, becomes world-renowned religious leader.[95][96]
Christopher J. Ahern, Col. (USAF)
Simon & Simon “The Wrong Stuff” (1984), TV
Apollo
Contemporary
Veteran of 1971 moonwalk works for aerospace company connected to porn film.[97]
Forrest Gump Janet Fritch, Maj.
Forrest Gump (1985), novel
Unknown
Contemporary
Gump’s history as an astronaut was not included in the film adaptation.[98]
William Miles, Ph.D.
Remington Steele “Steele in the Chips” (1985), TV
Apollo
Contemporary
Astronaut who walked on Moon promotes Booster Bars for food company.[99]
Luna 15 Nikolai L. Kuzmin Unnamed cosmonaut
Armstrong Base Unnamed astronauts
Top Secret “Codename: Starfall” (1987), role playing game
FKA Luna 15
NASA Moonbase Armstrong Base
1969 & 1999
Soviet cosmonauts sent to beat Apollo 11 to the Moon. Kuzmin is killed in the crash landing; his unnamed companion lives long enough to plant the Soviet flag on the lunar surface. Their remains are not discovered for thirty years.[100]
Gerald R. “Gunner” Smith, Cmdr. (CDR) William C. Griffin, Capt. (CMP) Edward Scott Stone, Capt. (LMP)
Darkside (1988), play
Apollo 18 Independence (CSM)/Yorktown (LM)
Autumn 1973
Smith and Stone are stranded on Moon when LM engine fails to ignite.[101][102][103]
Paul Andrews
Beyond the Stars (1989), film
Apollo
Contemporary
NASA astronaut who landed on the Moon.[104]
Spike “Touchdown” Tiggler (USN) Bud Stomovicz Mike (CMP) (no last name given)
A History of the World in 10½ Chapters (1989), novel
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
1943 – c. 1978
Former astronaut Tiggler searches for Noah’s Ark on Mount Ararat. Moon landing in summer 1974.[105]
John Harper Wilson, Maj. (USSF) (Commander) Neil Holliday, Capt. (USSF) (Eagle One Pilot/Second-in-command) 18 unnamed astronauts
“John Harper Wilson” (1989), short story
United States Space Force (USSF) Luna One: Eagle One, Eagle Two (passenger ships) Eagle Three (cargo ship)
July 1969 (Alternate History) / 1988 (Alternate History)
In alternate history, Eagle One makes first human Moon landing on July 20, 1969, in Sea of Tranquility; Wilson is first man on Moon. USSF spacecraft Columbus made first human lunar flyby in December 1968 (crew unnamed). Set in same timeline as Steele’s short story “Goddard’s People” and novels V-S Day and The Tranquillity Alternative (q.v.).[106][107]
Dave “Rockford” Muldorff, Col. (USAF) (CDR) Thomas Milburne Gavin, Maj. (USAF) (CMP) Richard Edgar Baedecker, Col. (USMC) (LMP)
Phases of Gravity (1989), novel
Apollo Peregrine (CSM)/Discovery (LM)
December 1971 / June 1987 – November 1988
In June 1987, Baedecker takes a business trip to India and begins a voyage of self-discovery. 1971 landing near Marius Crater in Oceanus Procellarum.[108]
Albert Calavicci, Rear Adm. (USN)
Quantum Leap (1989–93), TV
“Apollo 8”
c. 1968 / 1999
NASA astronaut in Apollo program. Circled the Moon ten times. Calavicci landed the spacecraft safely after the computer systems crashed.
Cosmonaut candidates: Peter Apollonovich “Petya” Nevsky, Lt. Marcus Gogol, Dr. Lev Lympyet, Prof. Arkady Volgamints, Maj.
Peter Nevsky and the True Story of the Russian Moon Landing (1993), novel
Soyuz 4 Soyuz 5
Luna 15 (Soyuz) Laikushka (lunar lander)
June 17, 1968 – July 21, 1969
Cosmonauts in renewed push for lunar landing. Oryolin, Strogolshikov and Zhukovsky command squadron within Cosmonaut Corps. Soyuz 4/5 fly January 14–18, 1969 (as in reality). Luna 15 launches July 14, 1969; crash landing (in Sea of Crisis) and loss of contact on July 21. Nevsky, Stumpelkin, Gogol and Lympyet later fly Earth orbital missions in the 1970s and 1980s; Nevsky becomes commander of Cosmonaut Corps and visits Tranquillity Base with Stumpelkin at turn of century. Boris Prishkin was a cosmonaut in the early days of the Russian program; Katya Prishkin was one of four female cosmonauts trained for Vostok 6.[111]
Duke “Danger Duke” Robinson Unnamed CMP
Murphy Brown “Where Have You Gone, Joe DiMaggio?” (1994), TV
Love & War “A Nation Turns Its Lonely Eyes to You” (1994), TV
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
Contemporary
Robinson is target of slow-speed chase by police after allegedly murdering his brother with a Moon rock. His Moon mission’s CMP is the getaway driver. Robinson played croquet on the Moon and was the technical advisor for Capricorn One.
Gemini: Chuck Brittain (Gemini 9 prime crew) Allen Cloud (USAF) (Gemini 12 Pilot)
Apollo: Allen Cloud (CDR) Walt Hammond (CMP) Charlie Sumner (LMP)
Pete Leitner (Backup CDR)
Sea of Tranquillity (1994), novel
Apollo (Apollo 16?) Cormorant (CSM)/Raptor (LM)
1970–1990
Astronaut Cloud becomes estranged from his gay son. Moon mission in April 1972, landing in Cayley Plains; Cloud and Sumner are ninth and tenth men on Moon. Brittain was killed in NASA T-38 crash.[112]
Charles “Ace” Galvin, Lt. Col. Buzz Thompson
Wings “The Wrong Stuff” (1994), TV
Apollo
Contemporary
Moonwalker Galvin is invited to endorse Sandpiper Air.[113]
Apollo 21: Stan Freeman, Ph.D. (CDR) Ben Santori (CMP) Nick Jensen (LMP)
Apollo 29: Nick Jensen Amy Jordan Unnamed astronaut
Ares: Nick Jensen (Mission Commander) Amy Jordan Jake Burnett 15 unnamed astronauts
Star Spear: Six unnamed astronauts
Discovery: Nick Jensen Amy Jordan Four unnamed astronauts
Challenger: Jill Rodriguez Unnamed astronauts
“In Saturn Time” (1995), short story
Apollo 21 Nightwing (CSM)/Flamebird (LM)
Apollo 29
Ares
Space Transportation System Star Spear
Discovery Challenger
October 15, 1974 – October 19, 2001 (Alternate History)
Alternate history in which Morris Udall defeated Richard Nixon in 1972 Presidential election. Flamebird lands in Peary crater near north pole of Moon. Freeman is the first Black man in space. Bykovsky and Leonov land at edge of Oceanus Procellarum aboard Soyuz L-4 in summer 1977, during American Apollo 29 mission. NASA launches Moonbase to site near Amundsen crater aboard Saturn 5M in spring 1980. Jensen flies to lunar station with Walter Cronkite in August 1984. Jensen, Jordan and Burnett make first crewed landing on Mars in May 1988; Jensen is first human on Mars. Space Transportation System flies for first time in June 1993. Discovery and Challenger fly to Jupiter in 2001 and orbit Callisto.[114]
Tom Scott (CDR) Chad Williams (LMP)
Walking on the Moon (1995), play
Apollo 18 Unnamed CSM/LM
c. 1996 – 1997
During 1975 Apollo 18 mission to Taurus–Littrow, Williams accidentally ran over Scott with Lunar Roving Vehicle, leaving him in a coma. Twenty years later, Williams is tempted to kill Scott in order to sell his story to Hollywood.[115]
Nikolai Gushkov Alexander Brinkov
The Cape “Buried in Peace” (1996), TV
Soviet crewed lunar programs,[which?]Soyuz[i]
1968
Cosmonauts launched on December 5, 1968 in an attempt to beat Apollo 11 to the Moon with a planned landing in the Sea of Crises. The mission fails when contact with the spacecraft is abruptly lost. The launch is covered up by the Soviet authorities as an uncrewed launch in the Zond program until the spacecraft is re-discovered by the crew of the Space Shuttle Atlantis. Brinkov is described as a veteran of 6 previous missions and second only to Gagarin in the Soviet space program.[116]
Grandpa (unnamed) (CDR)
Grandpa Takes Me to the Moon (1996), picture book
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
Contemporary
Apollo astronaut tells his grandchild bedtime story about his trip to the Moon.[117]
Unnamed astronaut
“In the MSOB” (1996), short story
Apollo
c. 2020
The last surviving astronaut to walk on the Moon is euthanized in nursing home.[118][119]
Prospero One Roly Gough, Wg Cdr (Commander) Geoff Lighthill, Dr
Bob Nash (CAPCOM)
“Prospero One” (1996), short story
Prospero
April 26, 1974 (Alternate History)
Crew of the first independently launched British spacecraft. Story set in same alternate history as Stephen Baxter’s Voyage (q.v.).[120]
Apollo 3? Alan York (USAF)
Unknown program: Daniel Gary Frederick March
Rats Saw God (1996), novel
Apollo
Contemporary
Moonwalker York has troubled teenage son.[121]
NASA: Ted Curval Bob Gold (Scientist-astronaut)
Apollo 11: Joseph Muldoon, Col. (LMP)
X-15: Philip Stone, Maj. (USAF)
Apollo/Moonlab: Charles Jones (CDR) James Dana Phil Stone
Moonlab/Soyuz: Grissom Joe Muldoon, Col. (CDR) Adam Bleeker Phil Stone Komarov Vladimir Pavlovich Viktorenko, Lt. Col. (Commander) Aleksandr Solovyov
Apollo-N: Chuck Jones (CDR) Jim Dana (CMP) Ben Priest, Col.
November 28 – December 4, 1980 (Alternate History)
In alternate history, Muldoon is Apollo 11 LMP rather than Buzz Aldrin; Stone flies 200th and last mission of X-15 program in October 1969. Jones, Dana and Stone place Moonlab in lunar orbit in 1976. Soyuz T-3 (launched with N-1 rocket) docks with NASA Moonlab on December 1, 1980. Apollo-N, 1980 test flight of NERVA engine, ends in disaster.[122]
Apollo: Slade (CDR) Al Pond (CMP) Bado, Col. (USAF) (LMP)
Apollo: Williams (no first name given) Unnamed astronaut
Soviet mission: Unnamed cosmonaut
Prometheus: Jim Richards, Capt. (RAF) Taine (no first name given)
“Moon Six” (1997), “Sun-Drenched” (1998), short stories
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
Apollo Unnamed LM/Lunar Payload Module/Lunar Flying Unit
Soviet lunar lander
Royal Air Force: Prometheus (Alpha/Beta)
1970 (Alternate Histories)
In “Moon Six”, Bado finds himself shifting between parallel universes while on the Moon; in “Sun-Drenched”, Slade and Bado are stranded on Moon when Command Module explodes in lunar orbit, killing Pond. Landing near Surveyor 7 or 8 landing site, near Tycho.[123][124]
Ivan Fiodorovich Istochnikov, Col.
Sputnik (1997), conceptual artwork
Soyuz 2
October 25, 1968
Istochnikov is discovered by Soyuz 3 to have vanished from capsule after apparent meteoroid strike.[125][126][127][128]
Charlie (CDR) (no last name given) James “Jays” Holland, Col. (USAF) (LMP)
“Moon-Calf” (1998), short story
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
1990s (June)
Twenty-five years after his sole spaceflight, moonwalker Holland visits strange chapel at Hereford Cathedral.[129]
Apollo 18: Bruce Cortney (CMP)
Apollo 19: Gary Lucas (CDR) Victor Kendall (CMP) Charles Shepherd (LMP)
Apollo 20: Bruce Cortney (CDR)
Ice (2002), novel
Apollo 18 Unnamed CSM/LM
Apollo 19 Quest (CSM)/Starlight (LM)
Apollo 20 Unnamed CSM/LM
February 1975
Apollo 19 astronauts on a mission to the Aitken Basin; Apollo 20 recovery mission. Apollo 18 mission to Schröter’s Valley in the Ocean of Storms is part of back-story.[130]
Apollo 19: Jeremiah “Jerry” Finch
Backup crew: Gary Sprine Flek Davis Cud Wilson (backup to Finch)
Gentlemen of Space (2003), novel
Apollo 19 Unnamed CSM/LM
October 1975 – August 1976
Earth science teacher Finch wins contest to become first ordinary person on Moon. July 1976 landing in Sea of Tranquillity.[131]
Orbital mission: Sullivan Carew
Moon landing: Wallace “Suitcase” Jefferson Louis “Loopie Louie” Hayes
Peter “Stinky Pete” Carver Rocket Randall Unnamed astronauts
The Old Negro Space Program (2003), short film
Negro American Space Society of Astronauts (NASSA)
1957–1966
African-American organization formed in response to lack of jobs for Black Americans at NASA. Moon landing on September 31, 1966.[132]
Apollo 18: Jake “Doggie Daddy” Deaver, Cmdr. (USN) (CDR) Augustus Julian “Augie”[j] Blake, Col. (USMC) (LMP)
Apollo (US/Soviet): Three unnamed astronauts/cosmonauts
The Orion Protocol (2003), novel
Apollo 18 Unnamed CSM/LM
Apollo (US/Soviet mission) Unnamed CSM/LM
1973
December 1974
Two-man crew of final official Apollo Moon mission investigates alien ruins in Sinus Medii. Secret US/Soviet follow-up mission, launched by Soviet Titan-class rocket, lands in Sinus Medii on December 25, 1974.[133]
Bucky Brandt
50 Ways to Leave Your Lover (a.k.a. How to Lose Your Lover) (2004), film
Apollo
Contemporary
Astronaut who traveled to Moon is having his biography written.
Robert Paradise
Paradise (2004), TV movie
Apollo
Contemporary
Apollo astronaut who becomes a televangelist after his return to Earth.
Chet Aston
“Astronaut of the Year” (2005), short story
Apollo?
Contemporary
Veteran of thirteen spaceflights has become lonely and rude in his old age.[134][135]
Timothy Vine
Cold Case “Debut” (2006), TV
Apollo
December 14, 1968 / 2006 (Winter)
Astronaut in line for Moon landing whose daughter is killed at debutante ball.[136]
Nick Tercel
Honeymoon With Mom (2006), TV movie
Apollo?
2005
Astronaut who walked on Moon in 1980 now owns island resort.[137]
Apollo 19?: Stephanie Ellis (Grumman)
Apollo 20: Leona Marietta Snyder (Bell Labs) (CMP)
Apollo 20 hoax (2007), Internet hoax
Apollo 19
Apollo 20 Phoenix (LM)
February 1976
August 1976
Man calling himself William Rutledge claimed he commanded US/Soviet Apollo 20 mission, launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, with crewmates Snyder and Alexei Leonov. Alleged landing southwest of Delporte Crater on lunar farside.[138][139][140][141]
Voskhodyeniye Yefgenii Yeremin
Ascent (2007), novel
Zond Project
July 1969
Soviet Korean War veteran launched on a secret mission to beat Apollo 11 to the Moon. When the mission fails he is erased from history.[142]
Clark Evans
“The Dream Life of Astronauts” (2007), short story
Apollo
1980s
Unflown Apollo astronaut recruits gay teenager for sexual threesome.[143][144]
Richard Wade, Capt. (USAF) Mark Garris, Capt. (USAF) Michael Hagen, Capt. (USAF)
Fallout 3 (2008), video game
United States Space Administration (USSA): Valiant 11 Virgo II (Apollo and LK-like)
July 16, 1969 (Alternate History)
In this video game taking place in 2277, exactly 200 years after a nuclear war, the player can visit the Museum of Technology in the ruins of Washington, D.C. The game (and the rest of the series) takes place in an alternate timeline that diverges from reality after World War II. As in our timeline, the United States was the first country to land humans on the Moon and did so starting in July 1969. The mission itself is slightly different to the one in reality as shown by the museum’s Space Race exhibit. This fictional version of Apollo 11, known as “Valiant 11”, was launched by the United States Space Administration (USSA), the timeline’s version of NASA. All three astronauts on the mission were U.S. Air Force Captains, namely, Captain Richard Wade, Captain Mark Garris, and Captain Michael Hagen. The lunar module that flew them there was known as Virgo II and the date they landed on the Moon was July 16, 1969 (the same day Apollo 11 was launched in real life). The exhibit at the museum displays a replica of Virgo II which does not resemble the Apollo LM used in Apollo 11; instead it appears similar to the LK lunar module that was tested by the Soviets in the 1960s and 1970s but never carried humans to the Moon.[145]
Paul, Capt. (CMP) Jack (LMP) (no last names given)
The Spaceman (2009), novelet
Apollo 20 Artemis (CSM)/Raven (LM)
December 15–17, 1972 (Alternate History) / Summer 1994
Command module loses contact with lunar module during J mission to Tycho commanded by Stu Roosa.[146]
Frank Allen (CDR) Unnamed CMP Max Donnelly (LMP)
“The Cassandra Project” (2010), short story
Apollo Unnamed CSM/LM
Late 1968
Secret landing before Apollo 11 to investigate alien dome in Cassegrain Crater. Astronauts’ names changed in 2012 novel adaptation.[147]
Apollo 18: Nathan Walker, Cmdr. (CDR) John Grey, Lt. Col. (CMP) Benjamin Anderson, Capt. (LMP)
Thomas Young (CAPCOM)[k]
LK Proton lander: Unnamed Russian cosmonaut
Apollo 18 (2011), film
Apollo 18 Freedom (CSM)/Liberty (LM)
Soviet Union: LK Proton lander
December 1974
Apollo 18 astronauts on top-secret DOD mission to the lunar south pole discover dead Russian cosmonaut and alien life.[148][149]
Vance Peterson, Col.
Adrift on the Sea of Rains (2012), novella
Apollo
Late 1980s (Alternate History)
Commander of US military Moon base which follows on from, and uses hardware developed for, the Apollo program.
Unnamed CSM/LM: Sidney Myshko (CDR) Brian Peters (CMP) Louie “Crash” Able (LMP)[l]
Secret landings before Apollo 11 to investigate alien dome in Cassegrain Crater.[150]
Apollo 18: Robert Cartwright, Cmdr. (CDR) Steve Dayton, Maj. (CMP) Mason Gale (LMP)
Rick Delahousse (CAPCOM)
Rodinia: Boris Vasiliyevich Petrov, Col. (Commander) Alexander Ivanovich “Sasha” Kruchinkin (Cosmonaut-Engineer)
Sea of Crises (2012), novel
Apollo 18 Lexington (CSM)/Concord (LM)
Soviet Union: Rodinia
September 1976 / Contemporary
Apollo 18 mission to Mare Crisium to investigate secret Soviet moonbase.[151]
Stas Arsenievich
The Cosmonaut (2013), film
Soviet Moonshot program Kolibri module (fictional)
c. 1970–1975
Only member of the first Soviet human mission to the Moon. He gets lost during the trip to the Moon; upon his return, he has been inexplicably transported to an alternate Earth.[152]
Unnamed astronaut
Louie “Model” (2014), TV
Apollo
Contemporary
Former astronaut who walked on Moon punches Louie after he injures his daughter.
Project Apollo: Frank Goldwing, Capt. Unnamed astronauts
Modern era: Scott Goldwing Sam Unnamed astronauts
Carson Industries: Richard Carson III
Capture the Flag (2015), film
NASA: Apollo Unnamed (CSM)/Falcon (LM)
Carson Industries
Near Future (2010s)
When billionaire Carson attempts to claim the Moon for its helium-3 deposits, NASA launches an old Apollo spacecraft crewed by the retired Frank Goldwing, two children and a lizard to recover Apollo 11’s US flag. Frank Goldwing was scheduled to fly on the last Apollo Moon mission but was dropped from the crew.[153]
Andrei Sergeyevich Ilith (sp?)[m] Unnamed cosmonaut
The Cosmonaut (2015), short film
Soyuz
c. 1970
Unnamed cosmonaut experiences emergency during spacecraft systems test.[154]
Edward R. Jones, Cmdr.
The Devout (2015), film
Apollo 1
Contemporary
Astronaut who died in Apollo 1 fire is possibly reincarnated as little girl.[155]
Alan York
iZombie “Patriot Brains”, “Astroburger” (2015), TV
Apollo (unspecified flight)
Between 1969 and 1972
Alan York is depicted as one of the first of the twelve men to have walked on the Moon. Cf. “Rats Saw God” above.[n][156][157]
Apollo 20: William “Memphis” Cato, Col. (CDR) Angela Phelps, Dr. (Geologist) (LMP)
Clockwork Corp.: Unnamed pilots Other unnamed personnel
“Let Baser Things Devise” (2015), short story
Apollo 20 Unnamed CSM/LM
Clockwork Corp.: Camelot Base
1975
2025
Cato and Phelps were fatally stranded in Mare Serenitatis due to thruster failure and meteor impact. Fifty years later, an “uplifted” chimpanzee named Pierre and a robot discover Cato and Phelps’ bodies while on mining mission. Apollo 19 is mentioned as also experiencing an emergency. Pierre and the robot fly to Moon aboard Russian rocket with American orbiter and Japanese lunar module.[158][159]
Salyut 4: Ilya Ilyushin, Maj.[o]
Astrotwins: Project Rescue (2016), novel
Soviet Union: Salyut 4 Soyuz
Apollo: Crazy 9 (CSM)[p]
March 28 – April 13, 1976
Twelve-year-old Scott and Mark Kelly fly spare Apollo CSM to rescue cosmonaut stranded on Salyut space station. Crazy 9 is launched by Titan II rocket powered by sugar-based solid propellant.[160]
Ulyana Markovskaya
The Last Dream for the Moon (2016), short film
Soviet Union: Zond L1-S3 Lunniy Korabl Z (lunar lander)
June 19 – 20, 1969 / 2009
Female cosmonaut returning from failed Moon mission crashes in Carpathian Mountains in Romania. Mission possibly launched using N1-L3 rocket.[161]
Robert Henley (CDR) Garris (CMP) (no first name given) Eric Dysart, Dr. (Prof.) (USN) (LMP)
The Rift: The Dark Side of the Moon (2016), film
Apollo
1976 / 2011
Henley disappeared on final Apollo flight, a classified mission to lunar farside. Dysart was selected as one of the first NASA Scientist-Astronauts in 1965 and flew aboard Skylab in 1973.[162]
Unnamed astronaut
Apollo 18 (2017), short film
Apollo 18
September 24, 2015
Lone astronaut travels to Moon in order to fire bullet to destroy wasp hive on Earth.[163]
Kyle “Chip” Casperson
All the Beautiful Girls (2018), novel
NASA
Late 1967
Spaceflight veteran who has affair with Las Vegas showgirl Ruby Wilde.[164]
Avraham “Avi” Stein, Capt. (Hebrew: אברהם שטיין) (Israeli Air Force)
Apollo 18: Dale “Penalty Box” Lunden, Capt.[q] (USAF?) (CDR) Two unnamed astronauts
The Astronaut’s Son (2018), novel
Apollo 18
1974 (September – November)
Israeli astronaut Stein, assigned to command Apollo 18, dies of apparent heart attack two days before scheduled launch. Vietnam veteran Lunden, previously assigned to command the mission, reclaims his spot after Stein’s death. Apollo 18 launches on November 18, 1974.[165]
Apollo 18: Edward I. Lovett (CDR) Barton “Bo” Cunningham, Lt. Cmdr. (USN) (CMP) Albert R. Borden (Geologist) (LMP)
The Landing (2018), film
Apollo 18 Unnamed CSM/LM
May – June 1973 / 1998
Documentary made for 25th anniversary of Apollo 18 mission. Lovett and Cunningham were members of NASA Astronaut Group 2. Moon landing on May 26, 1973; Command Module overshoots splashdown target and lands in Taklamakan Desert in Northwest China on June 3, 1973.[166][167]
Unnamed astronaut(s)
One Hundred Hunters – A visit from the Moon (2018), music video
Gemini Apollo
c. late 1960s/early 1970s
Astronaut on Apollo mission investigates alien spheres on Moon; the same or another astronaut eventually disappears into portal in larger sphere.[168]
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