List of United States Army tactical truck models

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By 1915 the US Army was using trucks tactically, for World War I it began purchasing in large numbers. Early trucks were often designed for both military and commercial use, later military-specific designs were built. Since 1940 the US military has ordered over 3,000,000 tactical trucks. The US Marines have used both US Army and their own specific models, some are shown.

The “ton” (907 kg) weight ratings are the payload of a basic cargo version of the truck, not of the individual version.

The “wheel arrangement” designation is the number of wheels x the number of driven wheels. There are two wheels per axle, dual tires are counted as one wheel. Some series have both single and dual tire models.

“Total built” usually includes for US forces and any export orders.

  • Dodge 1⁄2-ton 4x2
  • White 1+1⁄2-ton 4x2
  • Jeffery/Nash Quad 2-ton 4x4

    Jeffery/Nash Quad 2-ton 4×4

  • Liberty B 3-ton 4x2
  • FWD B 3-ton 4x4
  • Ordnance standard 3-ton 4x4

    Ordnance standard 3-ton 4×4

Name and type[1][2] Build years Total built Notes
Dodge M19181⁄2-ton 4×2 1918 1,012 Light repair truck for vehicles
White1+1⁄2-ton 4×2 1917-1919 Wide range of bodies
Jeffery/Nash Quad[a]
2-ton 4×4		 1913-1928 11,500+ Early models had 4-wheel steering
Liberty truck
3-ton 4×2		 1917-1918 9,452 built by 15 different manufacturers
FWD Model B[b]
3-ton 4×4		 1912-1920+ 16,000+ Wide range of bodies
Ordnance standard
3-ton 4×4		 1918 150?
  • Marmon-Herrington 1⁄2-ton (Model shown for Belgium)

    Marmon-Herrington 1⁄2-ton
    (Model shown for Belgium)

  • Dodge 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (1940 model)

    Dodge 1+1⁄4-ton 4×4
    (1940 model)

Name and type[1] Build years Total built Notes
Ford / M.-H.[c]1⁄2-ton 4×4 1939 Prototypes only Light repair truck
Dodge1+1⁄2-ton 4×4 1939-1940 Wide range of bodies
FWD
2-ton 4×4		 1930 100+ Cargo and tank models
Indiana 16×42+1⁄2-ton 4×4 1934-1935 Open and closed cabs

In 1939-1940 the US Army Ordnance Corps was developing a complete line of tactical trucks that could operate off-road in all weather. In 1941 1⁄4, 1⁄2, 1+1⁄2, and 3-ton 4x4s and [[21⁄2-ton 6×6 truck|2+1⁄2]], 4, and 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6s were in production and several other types had been added. These trucks are named after their type followed by their manufacturer and model. Early use of “M” numbers relate to the body and not the truck itself. During WWII “M” numbers began to be used for new truck models. In 1945 all truck production ended.

  • Willys MB 1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • Dodge WC51 3⁄4-ton 4x4
  • Chevrolet G-506 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4

    Chevrolet G-506 1+1⁄2-ton 4×4

  • GMC CCKW 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6
  • GMC DUKW 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6
  • Diamond T 968 4-ton 6x6
  • Autocar U88144T 5-6 ton 4x4

    Autocar U88144T 5-6 ton 4×4

  • Brockway B666 6-ton 6x6
  • Mack NO 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6
  • M1A1 10-ton 6x6 wrecker
  • Diamond T Model 981 12-ton 6x4

    Diamond T Model 981 12-ton 6×4

  • M26 12-ton 6x6
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
Willys MB[d]1⁄4-ton 4×4[3] 1941-1945 639,000+ Also built by Ford as GPW
First “jeep” in the current meaning of the word
Dodge WC1⁄2–3⁄4 ton 4×4[4] 1941-1945 255,000+ 10+ bodies
Chevrolet G5061+1⁄2-ton 4×4[5] 1940-1945 168,603 15 bodies
GMC CCKW[e]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6[6] 1941-1945 562,750 12+ bodies
“Deuce and a Half”, “Jimmy”.
GMC DUKW[e]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6[7] 1942-1945 21,147 Amphibious version of CCKW
“Duck”
Studebaker US6[f]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6[8] 1941-1945 219,882 8 bodies
Diamond T 968
4-ton 6×6[9]		 1940-1945 30,000 Cargo, dump, wrecker
and specialty bodies
Autocar U8144T
5-6 ton 4×4		 1941-1945 2,711 Semi-tractor for pontoon bridges
Mack NJU
5-6 ton 4×4		 1941-1942 692 Semi-tractor for pontoon bridges
Brockway B666[g]
6-ton 6×6[10]		 1941-1945 219,882 Bridge, crane, cargo fire, van
and others by 5 manufacturers
Mack NM
6-ton 6×6		 1940-1944 8,400+ Prime mover cargo truck
Mack NO7+1⁄2-ton 6×6 1943-1945 2,050 Prime mover cargo truck
M1 Wrecker
10-ton 6×6[11]		 1941-1945 5,765 Standard heavy wrecker during WWII
Built by Ward LaFrance and Kenworth.
Diamond T 980
12-ton 6×4[12]		 1941-1945 6,554 Tractor for M19 Tank Transporter
Pacific M26
12-ton 6×6[13]		 1943-1945 1,372 Semi-tractor for M25 Tank Transporter
“Dragon Wagon”

In 1950 the next generation of tactical trucks were being developed. Sizes were rationalized, with 1⁄4 and 3⁄4-ton 4x4s and 2+1⁄2, 5, and 10-ton 6x6s. Trucks were military standard designs, 6×6 trucks used common cabs and similar fender and hood styles.

  • M422 1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M38A1 1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M274 1⁄2-ton 4x4
  • M37 3⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M35 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6
  • M51 5-ton 6x6
  • M123 10-ton 6x6
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
M4221⁄4-ton 4×4 1959-1962 3,992 USMC lightweight utility truck
“Mighty Mite”
M38A1[15]1⁄4-ton 4×4 1952-1971 Light utility truck
“Jeep”
M274[16]1⁄2-ton 4×4 1959 USMC Platform utility truck
“Mule”
M37 Series[17]3⁄4-ton 4×4 1951-1968 136,220 10 bodies
“Power Wagon”
M35 Series[18]2+1⁄2-ton 6×6 1950-1988 173,700[h] 8+ bodies by 6 manufactures
M54 Series[19]
5-ton 6×6		 1951-1965 156,900[i] Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others.
M123/M125[20]
10-ton 6×6		 1955-1969 4,132 semi-tractor for tank transporter
prime mover cargo truck
  • M151 1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M715 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M561 1+1⁄4-ton 6x6
  • M656 5-ton 8x8
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
M151[21]1⁄4-ton 4×4 1960-1988 103,700[j] 1⁄4-ton utility jeep
M715 series1+1⁄4-ton 4×4 1967-1969 30,553 Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies
(Modified Jeep J-series truck)
M5611+1⁄4-ton 6×6 1968 14,274 Cargo and ambulance bodies
“Gamma Goat”
M656 Series
5-ton 8×8		 1968-1969 3 bodies for Pershing Missile System
  • M880 1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M817 5-ton 6x6
  • M520 8-ton 4x4
  • M920 20-ton 8x6
  • M911 heavy 8x6
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
M880 series[22]1+1⁄4-ton 4×4 1975-1976 44,027 Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies
(Modified Dodge W-series trucks)
M809 series[23]
5-ton 6×6		 1970-1982 38,800 Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others
M520
8-ton 4×4		 1972[k]-1976 1300[l] Cargo, tank and wrecker bodies
Fully amphibious – “Goer”
M915 series[24]
14-ton[m] 6×4[n]		 1978-1982 9,505 Tractor, dump, tank, mixer
AM General/CCC models
M911 C-MET[o]
Heavy 8×6		 1977 Semi-tractor for tank transporter
(Modified Oshkosh F2365 truck)

In the 1980s truck series began to be named from the initials of the truck type and are widely known by these names.

  • HMMWV 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • CUTV 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • M929 5-ton 6x6
  • HEMTT 10-ton 8x8
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
CUCV[25][p] M10081+1⁄4-ton 4×4 1983-1986 70,889 Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies
(Modified Chevrolet K-series trucks)
HMMWV[q] M998[26]1+1⁄2-ton 4×4 1983–present Utility, ambulance, shelter-carrier
M939 Series[27]
5-ton 6×6		 1982-1987 44,590[r] Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, van, wrecker, and others
HEMTT[s] M977[28]
10-ton 8×8		 1982–present 962 Cargo, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker
  • LMTV 2+1⁄2-ton 4x4
  • MTV 5-ton 6x6
  • M916A2 20-ton 6x6
  • HET Heavy 8x8
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
LMTV[t] M1078[29]2+1⁄2-ton 4×4 1991–present Cargo, van, and chassis for specialty bodies
MTV[u] M1083[30]
5-ton 6×6		 2005–present Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker, and others
M915A2 series[31]
15-ton[v] 6×4[w]		 1990–present Tractor, dump
Freightliner models
HET[x] M1070
Heavy 8×8		 1993–present 2,033 Semi-tractor for tank transporter
Designed and built by Oshkosh
  • 7000MV 6x6
  • MTVR 7-ton 6x6
  • LVSR Heavy 10x10
Name and type Build years Total built Notes
7000MV[y]
HD 6×6		 2005- 9,500+ For export
(modified International WorkStar)
MTVR[z]
7-ton 6×6		 1999 Cargo, dump, wrecker
Used only by USMC
LVSR[aa]
Heavy 10×10		 2009 1,500+ Cargo, tractor, wrecker
Used only by USMC

See also[edit]

  1. ^ Also built by Hudson, National, and Paige-Detroit
  2. ^ Also built by Mitchel, Kissel, and Preimer.
  3. ^ Modified with driven front axle by Marmon-Herrington.
  4. ^ Also built as Ford GPW
  5. ^ a b Also built by Chevrolet
  6. ^ Also built by REO.
  7. ^ Also built by Corbitt (designer), FWD, Ward LaFrance, and White
  8. ^ Includes all built by 10 manufacturers.
  9. ^ Includes International Harvester, Diamond T, Kaiser Jeep, and Mack built.
  10. ^ Includes Ford and Willys/Kaiser Jeep/AM General built.
  11. ^ Pre-production models tested
    in Germany and Vietnam from 1962
  12. ^ Does not include pre-production vehicles.
  13. ^ Up to 20-ton.
  14. ^ Also 6×6 and 8×6
  15. ^ Commercial Heavy Equipment Transporter
  16. ^ Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle
  17. ^ High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle
  18. ^ Includes AM General and Bowen-McLaughlin-York built.
  19. ^ Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck
  20. ^ Light Medium Tactical Vehicle
  21. ^ Medium Tactical Vehicle
  22. ^ Also 18+1⁄2 and 20-ton
  23. ^ Also 6×6
  24. ^ Heavy Equipment Transporter
  25. ^ Navistar F7400 SFA 6×6
  26. ^ Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement
  27. ^ Logistic Vehicle System Replacement

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Crismon (2001)
  2. ^ Handbook of Ordnance Data (PDF). US War Dept. 1919. Retrieved 18 Mar 2020.
  3. ^ TM 9-803 1/4-ton 4×4 Truck (Willys-Overland Model MB and Ford Model GPW) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  4. ^ TM 9-808 3/4-ton 4×4 Truck (Dodge) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  5. ^ TM 9-805 1 1/2 ton 4×4 Truck (Chevrolet) (PDF). US War Dept. 1943. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  6. ^ TM 9-801 2 1/2-ton 6×6 GMC CCKW (PDF). US War Dept. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  7. ^ TM 9-802 2 1/2 ton Amphibian Truck, 6×6, GMC DUKW-353 (PDF). US War Dept. 1943. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  8. ^ TM 9-807 2 1/2-ton 6×6 Truck and 2 1/2 to 5-ton 6×4 truck (PDF). US War Dept. 1943. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  9. ^ TM 9-811 4-ton, 6×6 Trucks (Diamond T Models 968A (and others)) (PDF). US War Dept. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  10. ^ TM 9-813 6-ton 6×6 Truck (White, Corbit, and Brockway) (PDF). US War Dept. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  11. ^ TM 9-796 Heavy Wrecking Truck M1A1 (Kenworth Model 573, Ward LaFrance Series 5) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1953. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  12. ^ TM 9-768 45-ton Tank Transporter Truck-trailer M19 (PDF). US Dept. Of the Army. 1944. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  13. ^ TM 9-767 40 ton Tank Transporter Truck-trailer M25 (PDF). US War Dept. 1942. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  14. ^ TM 9-804A 1/4-ton 4×4 Utility Truck M38A1 (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1952. Retrieved 25 Jun 2019.
  15. ^ TM 9-2320-213-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Platform Utility: 1/2-ton 4×4 M274 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1963. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  16. ^ TM 9-2320-212-10 Operator’s Manual Truck, Cargo, 3/4-ton 4×4 M37(Series) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1973. Retrieved 30 Aug 2015.
  17. ^ TM 9-2320-209-10-1 Operation, Installation, and Reference Data Operator Level 2 1/2-ton, 6×6, M44A1 and M44A2 Series Trucks (Multifuel) (PDF).
  18. ^ TM 9-2320-211-10 Operators Manual for Truck 5 ton, 6X6, M39 series (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1977. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  19. ^ TM 9-2320-206-10 Operator’s Manual Truck, Tractor: 10-ton, 6X6, M123 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. Of the Army. 1977. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  20. ^ TM 9-2320-218-10 Operators Manual for Truck, Utility: 1/4 ton, 4×4, M151 (and others) (PDF). US Department of the Army. 1968.
  21. ^ TM 9-2320-266-34 Direct and General Support Maintenance Manual Truck, Cargo: 1 1/4-ton 4×4 M880 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1976. Retrieved 16 Jun 2019.
  22. ^ TM 9-2320-260-10 Operator’s Manual Truck 5 ton, 6×6, M809 series (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2003. Retrieved 16 Jun 2019.
  23. ^ TM 9-2320-283-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Tractor, Line Haul: 50,000 GVWR, 6×4, M915A1 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2006. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  24. ^ TM 9-2320-289-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Cargo, Tactical, 1 1/4-ton, 4×4, M1008 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1992. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  25. ^ TM 9-2320-280-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Utility: Cargo/Troop Carrier, 1 1/4-ton, 4×4, M998 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2004. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  26. ^ TM 9-2320-272-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, 5-ton,6×6, M939 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2004. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  27. ^ TM 9-2320-279-10-1 Operator’s Manual M977 series8x8 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Trucks (HEMTT) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1998. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  28. ^ TM 9-2320-365-10 Operator’s Instruction Manual M1078 series 2 1/2-ton, 4×4, Light Medium Tactical Vehicles (LMTV) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2005. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  29. ^ TM 9-2320-36-10 Operator’s Instruction Manual M1083 Series 5-ton , 6×6, Medium Tactical Vehicles (LMTV) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2005. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.
  30. ^ TM 9-2320-302-10 Operator’s Manual for Truck, Tractor, Line Haul: 52,000 GVWR, 6×4, M915A3 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2010. Retrieved 20 Jun 2019.

Further reading[edit]