Timeline of the Golden Horde

The Golden Horde as it was governed under the dual khanship of the Western and Eastern Wings. When the Golden Horde was founded, it was jointly ruled by two separate wings. The right wing in the west was ruled by Batu Khan and his descendants. The left wing in the east, also known as the “Blue Horde” by the Russians or the “White Horde” by the Timurids, was ruled by four Jochid khans under Orda Khan.

This is a timeline of events involving the Golden Horde (1242–1502), from 1459 also known as the Great Horde.

13th century[edit]

For pre-1242 events involving Mongols in Europe, see Timeline of the Mongol Empire § 13th century

1240s[edit]

1250s[edit]

1260s[edit]

1270s[edit]

1280s[edit]

1290s[edit]

14th century[edit]

1300s[edit]

1310s[edit]

1320s[edit]

1330s[edit]

1340s[edit]

1350s[edit]

1360s[edit]

1370s[edit]

1380s[edit]

Year	Date	Event
1380		Golden Horde starts passing decrees in Turkish language
1380	8 September	Battle of Kulikovo: A largely Muscovite army led by Dmitri Donskoi defeated Mongol warlord Mamai in a pyrrhic victory at Kulikovo field. Mamai’s Tverian allies never showed up, his Lithuanian and Riazani allies arrived too late to take part, but did harass the victorious Muscovite troops as they returned to Moscow.
1381		Battle of the Kalka River (1381): Tokhtamysh defeated Mamai, becoming the undisputed khan of the Golden Horde, and ending the war of succession that had been raging ever since 1359.
1382	26 August	Siege of Moscow (1382): khan Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde and his allied Rus’ princes of Tver, Riazan, and Nizhniy Novgorod besieged and sacked Moscow. The princes of Nizhniy Novgorod tricked the Muscovite citizens into surrendering the city, after which Moscow was immediately sacked. Thereafter, Tokhtamysh’ troops sacked surrounding towns including Serpukhov, Pereyaslavl, and Kolomna, and on their way home southwards also the principality of Riazan.
1383		Tokhtamysh defeats the Lithuanians at Poltava
1387		Golden Horde loses control of the Black Sea coast

1390s[edit]

15th century[edit]

1400s[edit]

1410s[edit]

1420s[edit]

1430s[edit]

1440s[edit]

1450s[edit]

1460s[edit]

1470s[edit]

1480s[edit]

Year	Date	Event
1480	8 October – 28 November	Great Stand on the Ugra River: armies of Muscovy and the Great Horde confronted each other without fighting and then simultaneously retreated. Although long hailed as the “end of the Tatar yoke” in traditional Russian historiography, the event changed little in Muscovite–Horde relations.

16th century[edit]

Gallery[edit]

References[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

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