[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/swiss-emigration-to-russia-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/swiss-emigration-to-russia-wikipedia\/","headline":"Swiss emigration to Russia – Wikipedia","name":"Swiss emigration to Russia – Wikipedia","description":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia There was significant emigration of Swiss people to the Russian Empire from the late 17th","datePublished":"2022-03-16","dateModified":"2022-03-16","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/swiss-emigration-to-russia-wikipedia\/","wordCount":1124,"articleBody":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThere was significant emigration of Swiss people to the Russian Empire from the late 17th to the late 19th century. Rauber (1985) estimates that a number of 50,000 to 60,000 Swiss lived in Russia between roughly 1700 and 1917.Table of ContentsOverview[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Literature[edit]External links[edit]Overview[edit]The late 18th and early 19th century saw a flow of Swiss farmers forming colonies such as \u015eaba (Bessarabia, at the Dniester Liman, now part of Ukraine), besides specialists of various professions, working as winemakers, cheesemakers, merchants, officers or governesses. The Russian-Swiss generally prospered, partly merging with German diaspora populations. Early Swiss emigrants to Russia were not poor, but brought money with them, establishing themselves as specialist elites, choosing Russia as migration target because it offered greater opportunities for their trades than America. Only in the later 19th century, with Russian industrialization, saw significant migration of lower social classes.Most of these Swiss diaspora populations returned to Switzerland during the interwar period in the wake of the Russian Revolution of 1917, and especially as a result of the Dekulakization under Joseph Stalin during 1929-1931.The most famous Swiss to have lived in Russia are probably the mathematician Leonhard Euler and the military officer Franz Lefort, a close associate of Peter the Great. Lefortovo district in modern Moscow still bears his name.Other notable Russian-Swiss include botanist Johannes Ammann, artist and architect Leonhard Christian Gottlieb Leonardowitsch Schaufelberger, entrepreneur Arnold Schaufelberger, politician Frederic Cesar de la Harpe and general Antoine Henri Jomini in the tsarist period and Fritz Platten and Jules Humbert-Droz in the Soviet period. In 1918, Platten saved Vladimir Lenin’s life in St. Petersburg, and in 1923, a Russian-Swiss assassinated Bolshevik leader Vatslav Vorovskii in Lausanne.The Swiss-Russian connection went both ways, and  Switzerland was a destination for holidays, studies and exile for Bolsheviks and anti-Bolsheviks alike. Notably, Z\u00fcrich played host to both Lenin and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and in the years predating the Revolution, up to a third of  students at Swiss universities were citizens of Tsarist Russia.Since 1978, the History Department at the University of Z\u00fcrich under Carsten Goehrke has been assembling an archive of historical documents relating to Swiss emigrants in Russia (now accessible at the Swiss Social Archives, Zurich).[1] The archive collects records of some 5,600 individuals who had come to Switzerland following the collapse of the tsarist state claiming Swiss citizenship, estimated to correspond to about two thirds of the total number.Since the 2000s, there is a renewed limited trend of Swiss farmers emigrating to Russia.[2] In 2006, there was a number of 676 Swiss citizens registered to permanently reside in Russia, or 100 more than in the preceding year.See also[edit]References[edit]Literature[edit]B\u00fchler Roman, Gander-Wolf Heidi, Goehrke Carsten, Rauber Urs, Tschudin Gisela, Voegeli Josef, “Schweizer im Zarenreich – Zur Geschichte der Auswanderung nach Russland”, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1985B\u00fchler Roman, “Auswanderung aus Graub\u00fcnden in das russische Zarenreich”, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1988Collmer Peter, “Die besten Jahre unseres Lebens. Russlandschweizerinnen und Russlandschweizer in Selbstzeugnissen, 1821\u20141999”, Z\u00fcrich: Chronos Verlag 2001, ISBN\u00a0978-3-0340-0508-1Collmer Peter,    “Die Schweiz und das Russische Reich 1848\u20131919. Geschichte einer europ\u00e4ischen Verflechtung” (Die Schweiz und der Osten Europas 10), Z\u00fcrich, Chronos Verlag 2004.Goehrke Carsten (ed.): “Die Fremde als Heimat – Russlandschweizer erinnern sich”, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1988Goehrke Carsten, Schweizer in Russland. Zur Geschichte einer Kontinentalwanderung, RSH 48, 1998, 289-290.Lengen Markus, “Ein Strukturprofil der letzten Russlandschweizer-Generation am Vorabend des Ersten Weltkrieges”, Schweizerische Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Geschichte 48 (1998),  360-390Maeder Eva, “Auswanderungsziel: Russland. Schweizer Alltag im Zarenreich und im Sowjetstaat”, Der Landbote, 29.12.2001,  p.\u00a020Mumenthaler Rudolf, “Das Russlandschweizer-Archiv. Entstehung und Aufbau”, Carsten Goehrke (Hrsg.): 25 Jahre Osteuropa-Abteilung des Historischen Seminars der Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich 1971\u20141996. Z\u00fcrich 1996,   37\u201445.Mumenthaler Rudolf,  “Schweizer im Nordwesten des Zarenreichs. In: Der Finnische Meerbusen als Brennpunkt. Wandern und Wirken deutschsprachiger Menschen im europ\u00e4ischen Nordosten”, ed.  Robert Schweitzer, Waltraud Bastman-B\u00fchner. Helsinki 1998,  145-165Rauber Urs, “Schweizer Industrie in Russland – Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der industriellen Emigration, des Kapitalexportes und des Handels der Schweiz mit dem Russischen Zarenreich”, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1985Schneider Harry, “Schweizer Theologen im Zarenreich (1700-1917)”, Auswanderung und russischer Alltag von Theologen und ihren Frauen, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1994.Tschudin Gisela, “Schweizer K\u00e4ser in Russland”, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1988Voegeli Josef, “Die R\u00fcckkehr der Russlandschweizer 1917-1945”, Z\u00fcrich, Verlag Hans Rohr, 1988Jost Soom, Avancement et fortune: Schweizer und ihre Nachkommen als Offiziere, Diplomaten und Hofbeamte im Dienst des Zarenreiches, Beitr\u00e4ge zur Geschichte der Russlandschweizer, Hans Rohr (1996), ISBN\u00a0978-3-85865-633-9Alfred Erich Senn, Review of B\u00fchler et al. (1985), Rauber (1985), Slavic Review (1986), p.\u00a0332f.External links[edit]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki5\/swiss-emigration-to-russia-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Swiss emigration to Russia – Wikipedia"}}]}]