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[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/lindemann-mechanism-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/lindemann-mechanism-wikipedia\/","headline":"Lindemann mechanism – Wikipedia","name":"Lindemann mechanism – Wikipedia","description":"In chemical kinetics, the Lindemann mechanism (also called the Lindemann\u2013Christiansen mechanism[1] or the Lindemann\u2013Hinshelwood mechanism[2][3]) is a schematic reaction mechanism","datePublished":"2019-07-01","dateModified":"2019-07-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/adae4884235352d84e04dae7893a152f5e501277","url":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/adae4884235352d84e04dae7893a152f5e501277","height":"","width":""},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/lindemann-mechanism-wikipedia\/","wordCount":7240,"articleBody":"In chemical kinetics, the Lindemann mechanism (also called the Lindemann\u2013Christiansen mechanism[1] or the Lindemann\u2013Hinshelwood mechanism[2][3]) is a schematic reaction mechanism for unimolecular reactions. Frederick Lindemann and J.\u00a0A. Christiansen proposed the concept almost simultaneously in 1921,[4][1] and Cyril Hinshelwood developed it to take into account the energy distributed among vibrational degrees of freedom for some reaction steps.[5][6] It breaks down an apparently unimolecular reaction into two elementary steps, with a rate constant for each elementary step. The rate law and rate equation for the entire reaction can be derived from the rate equations and rate constants for the two steps.The Lindemann mechanism is used to model gas phase decomposition or isomerization reactions. Although the net formula for a decomposition or isomerization appears to be unimolecular and suggests first-order kinetics in the reactant, the Lindemann mechanism shows that the unimolecular reaction step is preceded by a bimolecular activation step so that the kinetics may actually be second-order in certain cases.[7] Table of ContentsActivated reaction intermediates[edit]Rate equation in steady-state approximation[edit]Reaction order and rate-determining step[edit]Decomposition of dinitrogen pentoxide[edit]Mechanism of the isomerization of cyclopropane[edit]References[edit]Activated reaction intermediates[edit]The overall equation for a unimolecular reaction may be written A \u2192 P, where A is the initial reactant molecule and P is one or more products (one for isomerization, more for decomposition).A Lindemann mechanism typically includes an activated reaction intermediate, labeled A*. The activated intermediate is produced from the reactant only after a sufficient activation energy is acquired by collision with a second molecule M, which may or may not be similar to A. It then either deactivates from A* back to A by another collision, or reacts in a unimolecular step to produce the product(s) P.The two-step mechanism is then "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/lindemann-mechanism-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Lindemann mechanism – Wikipedia"}}]}]