[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/max-adler-marxist-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/max-adler-marxist-wikipedia\/","headline":"Max Adler (Marxist) – Wikipedia","name":"Max Adler (Marxist) – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Austrian jurist, politician and philosopher Max Adler (;[1]German: [\u02c8a\u02d0dl\u0250]; 15 January 1873 \u2013","datePublished":"2022-05-14","dateModified":"2022-05-14","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5a\/Adler_-_Sozialistische_Idee_der_Befreiung_bei_Karl_Marx%2C_1918_-_5172958.tif\/lossy-page1-220px-Adler_-_Sozialistische_Idee_der_Befreiung_bei_Karl_Marx%2C_1918_-_5172958.tif.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5a\/Adler_-_Sozialistische_Idee_der_Befreiung_bei_Karl_Marx%2C_1918_-_5172958.tif\/lossy-page1-220px-Adler_-_Sozialistische_Idee_der_Befreiung_bei_Karl_Marx%2C_1918_-_5172958.tif.jpg","height":"342","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/max-adler-marxist-wikipedia\/","wordCount":1593,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Austrian jurist, politician and philosopherMax Adler (;[1]German: [\u02c8a\u02d0dl\u0250]; 15 January 1873 \u2013 28 June 1937) was an Austrian jurist, politician and social philosopher; his theories were of central importance to Austromarxism. He was a brother of Oskar Adler.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Max Adler obtained his doctorate in law in 1896, and became a professional lawyer. He began to teach in the \u201cSch\u00f6nbrunn Circle\u201d in the early summer of 1919. Max Winter, the deputy mayor of Vienna, was able to make rooms available in the main building of Sch\u00f6nbrunn Castle for the Kinderfreunde \u00d6sterreich (an Austrian association for children and families). In the Sch\u00f6nbrunner Erzieherschule, where young people were trained to be teachers, Max Adler and his colleagues Wilhelm Jerusalem, Alfred Adler, Marianne Pollak, Josef Luitpold Stern and Otto Felix Kanitz were able to realize practical educational reforms. In 1920 he qualified at Vienna University, where he became Extraordinary Professor of Sociology and Social philosophy. From 1919 to 1921 he was a Social-Democratic member of the regional parliament of Nieder\u00f6sterreich.[2] Adler was active in Adult Education, and from 1904 to 1925, with Rudolf Hilferding, editor of “Marx-Studien”.  Sozialistische Idee der Befreiung bei Karl Marx, 1918Max Adler’s first theoretical work of note was a study “Max Stirner. Ein Beitrag zur Feststellung des Verh\u00e4ltnisses von Socialismus und Individualismus” (1894). The title sets the agenda for Adler’s later theoretical activities. Although this study of Marx’s scorned opponent seriously antagonized Marxist Party theorists, and so remained unpublished, Stirner remained an influence on Adler’s thinking throughout his life. Adler’s biographer Alfred Pfabigan, upon sight of his unpublished papers, was surprised by his \u201cintellectual relationship with Stirner owing to its high degree of continuity\u201d.[3]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Because Adler wanted to operate within the framework of the rising Social Democratic movement, he was highly circumspect in his subsequent references to Stirner, and, while continuing to accord him great significance as Marx’s \u201cpsychological counterpart\u201d, initially adopted most aspects of the doctrine of Historical Materialism: the essence of history is class struggle, and its realization entails a union of theory with revolutionary practice. He envisaged \u201cever greater harmony and perfection\u201d arising from the contradictions inherent in the then state of society, until the proletariat, in the course of its revolution, would finally see \u201cthe pursuit of its own class interests\u201d coincide with \u201cthe solidarity of society\u201d. In a departure from orthodox Marxism, Adler’s conception reduces the dialectic to a mere sociological methodology, not expressive of any specific dialectic intrinsic to the historical process. In common with other theorists of the Second International, such as Karl Kautsky and Karl Liebknecht, Adler also rejects the association between Scientific Socialism and Materialism: true Marxism was \u201cin reality social idealism\u201c. For Adler, Historical Materialism essentially becomes subjective idealism. In all consistency, his particular interest then turned to producing an epistemological critique of Sociology, combining Marxist themes with Kantian transcendentalism. According to Adler, \u201cthe individual consciousness is a priori socialized\u201d, insofar as every logical judgement already and necessarily includes reference to a multitude of assenting subjects; Adler’s \u2018social a priori\u2019 transcendentally implies the possibility of social reality.Adler’s contributions to a Marxist general theory of the state emerged in the course of disputes with Hans Kelsen and Hermann Heller. Criticizing the formal concept of democracy, Adler distinguished between political democracy, as a manifestation of the hegemony of the bourgeoisie, and a social democracy, in which oppression was to be removed along with social differences, the whole to be replaced by \u201csolidarity-based administrative reform\u201d of society. For Adler, the establishment of a socialist society remained linked to the \u2018dismantling of the machinery of the state\u2019 along Marxist lines. Adler the politician permitted no compromises with the so-called “social chauvinism”, or majority-Socialist \u201creformism\u201d. Not the least important aspect of the Austromarxism espoused by Adler, Otto Bauer and Rudolf Hilferding was its relevance to the discussions on the left wing of German Social Democracy before 1933.Table of ContentsPublications[edit]References[edit]Sources[edit]External links[edit]Publications[edit]Kausalit\u00e4t und Teleologie im Streite um die Wissenschaft. Vienna 1904Marx als Denker. Berlin 1908Der Sozialismus und die Intellektuellen. Vienna 1910Wegweiser. Studien zur Geistesgeschichte des Sozialismus. Stuttgart: Dietz 1914Festschrift f\u00fcr Wilhelm Jerusalem zu seinem 60. Geburtstag. With contributions by Max Adler, Rudolf Eisler, Sigmund Feilbogen, Rudolf Goldscheid, Stefan Hock, Helen Keller, Josef Kraus, Anton Lampa, Ernst Mach, Rosa Mayreder, Julius Ofner, Josef Popper, Otto Simon, Christine Touaillon and Anton Wildgans Vienna\/Leipzig: Verlag Wilhelm Braum\u00fcller 1915Demokratie und R\u00e4tesystem. Vienna 1919Die Staatsauffassung des Marxismus. Vienna 1922Das Soziologische in Kants Erkenntniskritik. Vienna 1924Kant und der Marxismus. Berlin 1925Politische und soziale Demokratie. Berlin 1926Lehrbuch der materialistischen Geschichtsauffassung, 2 vols. Berlin 1930\/31Das R\u00e4tsel der Gesellschaft. Vienna 1936References[edit]Sources[edit]Josef Hanslmeier (1953), “Adler, Max”, Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol.\u00a01, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp.\u00a071\u201372Christian M\u00f6ckel: Sozial-Apriori: der Schl\u00fcssel zum R\u00e4tsel der Gesellschaft. Leben, Werk und Wirkung Max Adlers Frankfurt\/Main, Berlin, Bern, New York, Paris, Vienna, 1993O. Blum: Max Adlers Neugestaltung des Marxismus, in: Archiv f\u00fcr die Geschichte des Sozialismus und der Arbeiterbewegung 8 (1919), pp.\u00a0177 ff.Herbert Marcuse: Transzendentaler Marxismus?, in: Die Gesellschaft 7, II (1930), pp.\u00a0304 ff.Peter Heintel: System und Ideologie, Vienna and Munich 1967Alfred Pfabigan: Max Adler. Eine politische Biographie. Frankfurt\/Main: Campus 1982External links[edit]Wikisource has original text related to this article:     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/max-adler-marxist-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Max Adler (Marxist) – Wikipedia"}}]}]