[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/metre-music-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/metre-music-wikipedia\/","headline":"Metre (music) – Wikipedia","name":"Metre (music) – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 Aspect of music after-content-x4 In music, metre (Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling) refers to regularly recurring patterns and","datePublished":"2022-05-18","dateModified":"2022-05-18","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/38\/Meter_%281%29.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/38\/Meter_%281%29.jpg","height":"140","width":"290"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/metre-music-wikipedia\/","wordCount":18547,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4Aspect of music         (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In music, metre (Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling) refers to regularly recurring patterns and accents such as bars and beats. Unlike rhythm, metric onsets are not necessarily sounded, but are nevertheless implied by the performer (or performers) and expected by the listener.[not verified in body]A variety of systems exist throughout the world for organising and playing metrical music, such as the Indian system of tala and similar systems in Arabic and African music.Western music inherited the concept of metre from poetry, where it denotes: the number of lines in a verse; the number of syllables in each line; and the arrangement of those syllables as long or short, accented or unaccented. The first coherent system of rhythmic notation in modern Western music was based on rhythmic modes derived from the basic types of metrical unit in the quantitative metre of classical ancient Greek and Latin poetry.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Later music for dances such as the pavane and galliard consisted of musical phrases to accompany a fixed sequence of basic steps with a defined tempo and time signature. The English word “measure”, originally an exact or just amount of time, came to denote either a poetic rhythm, a bar of music, or else an entire melodic verse or dance involving sequences of notes, words, or movements that may last four, eight or sixteen bars.[citation needed]Metre is related to and distinguished from pulse, rhythm (grouping), and beats:Meter is the measurement of the number of pulses between more or less regularly recurring accents. Therefore, in order for meter to exist, some of the pulses in a series must be accented\u2014marked for consciousness\u2014relative to others. When pulses are thus counted within a metric context, they are referred to as beats.Table of Contents       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Metric structure[edit]Frequently encountered types of metre[edit]Metres classified by the number of beats per measure[edit]Duple and quadruple metre[edit]Triple metre[edit]More than four beats[edit]Metres classified by the subdivisions of a beat[edit]Simple metre[edit]Compound metre[edit]Metre in song[edit]Metre in dance music[edit]Metre in classical music[edit]Changing metre[edit]Hypermetre[edit]Polymetre[edit]Examples[edit]See also[edit]References[edit]Sources[edit]Further reading[edit]Metric structure[edit]The term metre is not very precisely defined.Stewart MacPherson preferred to speak of “time” and “rhythmic shape”, while Imogen Holst preferred “measured rhythm”. However, Justin London has written a book about musical metre, which “involves our initial perception as well as subsequent anticipation of a series of beats that we abstract from the rhythm surface of the music as it unfolds in time”. This “perception” and “abstraction” of rhythmic bar is the foundation of human instinctive musical participation, as when we divide a series of identical clock-ticks into “tick\u2013tock\u2013tick\u2013tock”. “Rhythms of recurrence” arise from the interaction of two levels of motion, the faster providing the pulse and the slower organizing the beats into repetitive groups. In his book The Rhythms of Tonal Music, Joel Lester notes that, “[o]nce a metric hierarchy has been established, we, as listeners, will maintain that organization as long as minimal evidence is present”.  Metric levels: beat level shown in middle with division levels above and multiple levels below.“Meter may be defined as a regular, recurring pattern of strong and weak beats. This recurring pattern of durations is identified at the beginning of a composition by a meter signature (time signature). … Although meter is generally indicated by time signatures, it is important to realize that meter is not simply a matter of notation”.[11] A definition of musical metre requires the possibility of identifying a repeating pattern of accented pulses \u2013 a “pulse-group” \u2013 which corresponds to the foot in poetry.[citation needed] Frequently a pulse-group can be identified by taking the accented beat as the first pulse in the group and counting the pulses until the next accent.Frequently metres can be subdivided into a pattern of duples and triples. For example, a 34 metre consists of three units of a 28 pulse group, and a 68 metre consists of two units of a 38 pulse group. In turn, metric bars may comprise ‘metric groups’ – for example, a musical phrase or melody might consist of two bars x 34.[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources”>[24]But step-figures such as turns, the corte and walk-ins also require “quick” steps of half the duration, each entire figure requiring 3\u20136 “slow” beats. Such figures may then be “amalgamated” to create a series of movements that may synchronise to an entire musical section or piece. This can be thought of as an equivalent of prosody (see also: prosody (music)).Metre in classical music[edit]In music of the common practice period (about 1600\u20131900), there are four different families of time signature in common use:Simple duple: two or four beats to a bar, each divided by two, the top number being “2” or “4” (24, 28, 22 … 44, 48, 42 …). When there are four beats to a bar, it is alternatively referred to as “quadruple” time.Simple triple: three beats to a bar, each divided by two, the top number being “3” (34, 38, 32 …)Compound duple: two beats to a bar, each divided by three, the top number being “6” (68, 616, 64 …) Similarly compound quadruple, four beats to a bar, each divided by three, the top number being “12” (128, 1216, 124 …)Compound triple: three beats to a bar, each divided by three, the top number being “9” (98, 916, 94)If the beat is divided into two the metre is simple, if divided into three it is compound. If each bar is divided into two it is duple and if into three it is triple. Some people also label quadruple, while some consider it as two duples. Any other division is considered additively, as a bar of five beats may be broken into duple+triple (12123) or triple+duple (12312) depending on accent. However, in some music, especially at faster tempos, it may be treated as one unit of five.Changing metre[edit]In 20th-century concert music, it became more common to switch metre\u2014the end of Igor Stravinsky’s The Rite of Spring (shown below) is an example. This practice is sometimes called mixed metres."},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki6\/metre-music-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Metre (music) – Wikipedia"}}]}]