[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/list-of-turkish-football-champions\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/list-of-turkish-football-champions\/","headline":"List of Turkish football champions","name":"List of Turkish football champions","description":"before-content-x4 Football league Football team of Harbiye in 1924, the first national champions in Turkish football history after-content-x4 The Turkish","datePublished":"2016-06-25","dateModified":"2016-06-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/b\/b6\/1924_Turkish_football_champions_Harbiye.jpg\/260px-1924_Turkish_football_champions_Harbiye.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/b\/b6\/1924_Turkish_football_champions_Harbiye.jpg\/260px-1924_Turkish_football_champions_Harbiye.jpg","height":"97","width":"260"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/list-of-turkish-football-champions\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":3108,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4Football league  Football team of Harbiye in 1924, the first national champions in Turkish football history       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4The Turkish football champions are the annual winners of the highest association football competition in Turkey. Brought to the country by Englishmen, the sport had first taken root in Istanbul, where the Istanbul Football League was founded and became the first football league in Turkey. Other regional and local leagues followed in other major cities, such as Ankara (1922), Adana (1924), Eski\u015fehir (1924), and \u0130zmir (1924).The first competition to bring forth a national champion was the Turkish Football Championship (Turkish: T\u00fcrkiye Futbol \u015eampiyonas\u0131), which began in 1924 and continued until 1951.[1] The championship format was based on a knockout competition, contested between the winners of each of the country’s top regional leagues. At the end of the 1924 edition, Harbiye were the first club to be crowned champions after completing their fixture unbeaten.[2] They are also the only club who have ever changed their name after winning a championship title, changing their name to Harp Okulu after the first of their three titles. Started in 1937, the National Division (Turkish: Mill\u00ee K\u00fcme) was the first national league competition and was held until 1950.[3]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4A few years later, in 1959, the professional nationwide league was introduced, currently known as the S\u00fcper Lig. The league is contested on a double round-robin basis and the championship is awarded to the team that is top of the league at the end of the season. The league originally contained 16 teams. Today the S\u00fcper Lig is contested by 18 teams. Of the founding clubs in the league, only Be\u015fikta\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e, and Galatasaray have not been relegated to date. Galatasaray are the most successful S\u00fcper Lig club with 22 titles. Fenerbah\u00e7e are the most successful club including championships before the start of S\u00fcper Lig (1959), having won 28 titles in total so far.[5] However, the Turkish Football Federation denies and does not recognise the titles won in the former Turkish Football Championship and National Division, even though they were official championships organised by the TFF itself.Currently there is an ongoing case concerning the recognition of the titles before 1957 by the TFF, after several clubs have formally appealed to the federation for officially recognizing the titles in question.[6]Table of Contents       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4HistoryEarly history and former championshipsIntroduction of professionalism and S\u00fcper LigChampionsThe numbers in parenthesis indicate the number of titles won in total since 1924.(not recognised by TFF)National Division (1937\u20131950)Federation Cup (1956\u20131958)S\u00fcper Lig (1959\u2013present)PerformancesAll-time performance (1924\u2013present)Performance since 1957Star rating systemPerformance by city (1924\u2013present)See alsoReferencesExternal linksHistoryEarly history and former championships  Turkish newspaper Cumhuriyet announcing the Turkish championship title of Fenerbah\u00e7e on its front page on 11 November 1933.Football in Turkey stems back to the late 19th century, when Englishmen brought the game with them while living in Salonica (then part of the Turkish Empire).[7] The first league competition was the Istanbul Football League, a regional league for Istanbul clubs which took place for the first time in the 1904\u201305 season. Shortly after the foundation of the Turkish Republic and the Turkish Football Federation (TFF), several other regional leagues were officially established (or gained official status as some were already founded earlier) in various major cities: Ankara (1922), Adana (1924), Bursa (1924), Eski\u015fehir (1924), \u0130zmir (1924), and Trabzon (1922).[8]The first competition to bring forth a national champion was the Turkish Football Championship (Turkish: T\u00fcrkiye Futbol \u015eampiyonas\u0131), which began in 1924 and continued until 1951.[9] The championship format was based on a knockout competition, contested between the winners of the country’s top regional leagues. In some of the early years, the championship could not be held due to insufficient funds.[10]  Turkish newspaper Tanin announcing the Championship title of Fenerbah\u00e7e on its sports page on 21 May 1945.Started in 1937, the National Division (Turkish: Mill\u00ee K\u00fcme) was a national league competition between the strongest clubs of Ankara, Istanbul, and \u0130zmir, which hosted the strongest regional leagues in those decades. The league lasted until 1950.[11] From 1940 to 1950, both top-level championships existed at the same time, which resulted in there being two national champions within a year. Since the National Division was based on a league format, with home and away matches on a regular basis and a higher number of matches overall, it was more popular and competitive than the Turkish Championship and overshadowed it.Introduction of professionalism and S\u00fcper LigIn 1951 the TFF introduced professionalism in Turkish football. Shortly after, the top-level Istanbul League and the clubs playing there adopted professionalism, while the Ankara and \u0130zmir clubs followed some years later in 1955. After that point the Turkish Football Championship was no longer open to professional clubs, hence the professional departments of the Istanbul clubs could no longer participate in the championship. As a result the former Turkish Football Championship lost its first level status. Since there was no top-level national champion in the period from 1952 to 1955, the Turkish federation sent Galatasaray, winners of the 1955\u201356 Istanbul League, to the European Cup in the 1956\u201357 season.Protests of some Ankara and \u0130zmir clubs regarding this decision, as well as UEFA deciding to only accept national champions to the European Cup from that season on induced the TFF to establish the Federation Cup in 1956. The competition took place as a knock-out tournament to decide a national champion. The Federation Cup was held for two years until it was replaced by the S\u00fcper Lig (then known as Mill\u00ee Lig) in 1959. Be\u015fikta\u015f won both editions and earned the right to represent Turkey twice in the European Cup during the two-year span. However, since the Turkish Football Federation failed to register them for the draw in time, they were not able to participate in the 1957\u201358 season after all.[12][13]After some years of preparation and planning, the professional nationwide league called Mill\u00ee Lig (National League) was finally introduced in 1959. Eligible for the newly established nationwide league were the top clubs of the regional Ankara, Istanbul, and \u0130zmir leagues. The inaugural season took place in the calendar year of 1959, instead of 1958\u201359, since the regional leagues leading to qualification took place in 1958. The clubs competing in the first season were Adalet, Be\u015fikta\u015f, Galatasaray, Beykoz, Karag\u00fcmr\u00fck, Fenerbah\u00e7e, \u0130stanbulspor, Vefa (all from Istanbul), Ankarag\u00fcc\u00fc, Ankara Demirspor, Gen\u00e7lerbirli\u011fi, Hacettepe (all from Ankara), Altay, G\u00f6ztepe, \u0130zmirspor, and Kar\u015f\u0131yaka (all from \u0130zmir). The first champions were Fenerbah\u00e7e and the first “Gol Kral\u0131” (top scorer) was Metin Oktay.[14]The 2. Lig (Second League) was created at the start of the 1963\u201364 season and the National League (Mill\u00ee Lig) became known as the 1. Lig (First League). After the creation of a new second division in 2001, from then on known as 1. Lig, the formerly titled 1. Lig became the current S\u00fcper Lig.[15]ChampionsThe numbers in parenthesis indicate the number of titles won in total since 1924.(not recognised by TFF)National Division (1937\u20131950)(not recognised by TFF)Federation Cup (1956\u20131958)(not recognised by TFF until 2002)S\u00fcper Lig (1959\u2013present)PerformancesOver the history of the Turkish football championships 15 different clubs have won the title. The most successful club are Fenerbah\u00e7e with 28 titles to their credit, most of those coming in S\u00fcper Lig competition. They are also the most successful pre-S\u00fcper Lig club with 9 titles overall in that era, 6 of them won in the National Division and 3 in the former Turkish Football Championship.All-time performance (1924\u2013present)In the table below all national championship titles since 1924 are included, including the former Turkish Football Championship and National Division, which are denied and not recognised by the Turkish Football Federation, even though they were official championships organised by the TFF itself.ClubWinnersRunners-upWinning yearsRunners-up yearsFenerbah\u00e7e28271933, 1935, 1937, 1940, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1950, 1959, 1960\u201361, 1963\u201364, 1964\u201365, 1967\u201368, 1969\u201370, 1973\u201374, 1974\u201375, 1977\u201378, 1982\u201383, 1984\u201385, 1988\u201389, 1995\u201396, 2000\u201301, 2003\u201304, 2004\u201305,  2006\u201307, 2010\u201311, 2013\u2013141940, 1944, 1947, 1947, 1959\u201360, 1961\u201362, 1966\u201367, 1970\u201371, 1972\u201373, 1975\u201376, 1976\u201377, 1979\u201380, 1983\u201384, 1989\u201390, 1991\u201392, 1993\u201394, 1997\u201398, 2001\u201302, 2005\u201306, 2007\u201308, 2009\u201310, 2011\u201312, 2012\u201313, 2014\u201315, 2015\u201316, 2017\u201318, 2021\u201322Galatasaray23191939, 1961\u201362, 1962\u201363, 1968\u201369, 1970\u201371, 1971\u201372, 1972\u201373, 1986\u201387, 1987\u201388, 1992\u201393, 1993\u201394, 1996\u201397, 1997\u201398, 1998\u201399, 1999\u20132000, 2001\u201302, 2005\u201306, 2007\u201308, 2011\u201312, 2012\u201313, 2014\u201315, 2017\u201318, 2018\u2013191937, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1949, 1950, 1956\u201357, 1957\u201358, 1959, 1960\u201361, 1965\u201366, 1974\u201375, 1978\u201379, 1985\u201386, 1990\u201391, 2000\u201301, 2002\u201303, 2013\u201314, 2020\u201321Be\u015fikta\u015f21191934, 1941, 1944, 1947, 1951, 1956\u201357, 1957\u201358, 1959\u201360, 1965\u201366, 1966\u201367, 1981\u201382, 1985\u201386, 1989\u201390, 1990\u201391, 1991\u201392, 1994\u201395, 2002\u201303, 2008\u201309, 2015\u201316, 2016\u201317, 2020\u2013211938, 1941, 1945, 1946, 1946, 1962\u201363, 1963\u201364, 1964\u201365, 1967\u201368, 1973\u201374, 1984\u201385, 1986\u201387, 1987\u201388, 1988\u201389, 1992\u201393, 1996\u201397, 1998\u201399, 1999\u20132000, 2006\u201307Trabzonspor791975\u201376, 1976\u201377, 1978\u201379, 1979\u201380, 1980\u201381, 1983\u201384, 2021\u2013221977\u201378, 1981\u201382, 1982\u201383, 1994\u201395, 1995\u201396, 2003\u201304, 2004\u201305, 2010\u201311, 2019\u201320Harp Okulu311924, 1942, 19451944Gen\u00e7lerbirli\u011fi211941, 19461950\u0130stanbul Ba\u015fak\u015fehir122019\u2013202016\u201317, 2018\u201319G\u00f6ztepe1119501942Ankara Demirspor1119471939Bursaspor1\u20142009\u201310\u2014MKE Ankarag\u00fcc\u00fc1\u20141949\u2014Eski\u015fehir Demirspor1\u20141940\u2014G\u00fcne\u015f1\u20141938\u2014\u0130stanbulspor1\u20141932\u2014Muhaf\u0131zg\u00fcc\u00fc1\u20141927\u2014Performance since 1957Only six clubs have been champions since the beginning of the S\u00fcper Lig in 1959: Galatasaray 22 times, Fenerbah\u00e7e 19 times, Be\u015fikta\u015f 16 times (with an additional two titles counted for star purposes, see note below), Trabzonspor 7 times, and Bursaspor and Ba\u015fak\u015fehir once.ClubWinners[20]Runners-upWinning yearsRunners-up yearsGalatasaray22131962, 1963, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1987, 1988, 1993, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2018, 201919571, 19581, 1959, 1961, 1966, 1975, 1979, 1986, 1991, 2001, 2003, 2014, 2021Fenerbah\u00e7e19231959, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1970, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1983, 1985, 1989, 1996, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011, 20141960, 1962, 1967, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1984, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2022Be\u015fikta\u015f161419571, 19581, 1960, 1966, 1967,  1982, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1995, 2003, 2009, 2016, 2017, 20211963, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1974, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2007Trabzonspor791976, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1984, 20221978, 1982, 1983, 1995, 1996, 2004, 2005, 2011, 2020Ba\u015fak\u015fehir1220202017, 2019Bursaspor1\u20142010\u2014Eski\u015fehirspor\u20143\u20141969, 1970, 1972Sivasspor\u20141\u20142009Adanaspor\u20141\u201419811Be\u015fikta\u015f formally requested that championships won in the 1956\u201357 and 1957\u201358 editions of the Turkish Federation Cup be counted as Turkish championship titles to the Turkish Football Federation. The Cup was established in 1956 to find a national champion to represent Turkey, after UEFA decided that only national champions could participate in the European Cup. Be\u015fikta\u015f had therefore earned the right to represent Turkey in the 1957\u201358 and 1958\u201359 seasons of the European Cup.[13] However, since the Turkish Football Federation failed to register them for the draw in time, they were not able to participate in the 1957\u201358 season after all.[12] The ruling on this matter was announced in a press release on March 25, 2002 which indicated that the championships won by Be\u015fikta\u015f in the Federation Cup will be considered as national championship titles.Star rating systemThe honor of Golden Stars was introduced to recognize sides that have won multiple championships or other honours by the display of gold stars on their team badges and jerseys. In Turkey clubs are permitted to place a golden star above their crest for every five national championships won. For the 2018\u201319 season Galatasaray are permitted four golden stars, Fenerbah\u00e7e and Be\u015fikta\u015f are permitted three golden stars, and Trabzonspor are permitted one golden star to be placed above their crest on their jerseys.[23]Performance by city (1924\u2013present)Location of Turkish football championsThe 15 clubs that have won the championship are from a total of 6 cities:CityNumber of titlesClub(s)Istanbul76Fenerbah\u00e7e (28), Galatasaray (23), Be\u015fikta\u015f (21), Harbiye (1), \u0130stanbulspor (1), G\u00fcne\u015f (1), Ba\u015fak\u015fehir (1)Ankara7Harp Okulu (2), Gen\u00e7lerbirli\u011fi (2), Muhaf\u0131zg\u00fcc\u00fc (1), Ankara Demirspor (1), MKE Ankarag\u00fcc\u00fc (1)Trabzon7Trabzonspor (7)Bursa1Bursaspor (1)Eski\u015fehir1Eski\u015fehir Demirspor (1)\u0130zmir1G\u00f6ztepe (1)See alsoReferencesSourcesExternal links     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/list-of-turkish-football-champions\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"List of Turkish football champions"}}]}]